Wood Properties of Three Fruit Tree Species Planted in  Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

The objective of this study was to evaluate the properties for wood utilization of fruit trees planted in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. A total of 9 jambu bol (Syzygium malaccense), rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), and durian (Durio zibethinus) trees were randomly selected from the plot (20 by 30 m) and measured for stem diameter, tree height, stress-wave velocity (SWV), and Pilodyn penetration of the trees. Mean values of stem diameter were 11.8, 15.9, and 29.3 cm for S. malaccense, N. lappaceum, and D. zibethinus, respectively. Mean values of stress-wave velocity were 3.16, 3.95, and 3.63 km/s for S. malaccense, N. lappaceum, and D. zibethinus, respectively. Core samples (5 mm in diameter) were collected from these trees to investigate the wood properties [basic density (BD) and compressive strength parallel to grain (CS)], anatomical characteristics [vessel diameter (VD), cell wall thickness (CWT) in wood fiber, and cell length (CL) of wood fiber and vessel element], and amounts of chemical components. In VD, CWT in wood fiber, and CL in wood fiber and vessel element, almost the same radial variation patterns were found in the three species. Relatively higher values in SWV, BD, and CS were found in N. lappaceum, suggesting that its wood can be used for construction lumber. On the other hand, S. malaccense and D. zibethinus had relatively thicker CWT in wood fiber, longer CL in wood fiber, and lower Klason lignin content. It is considered that the wood of these two species may be suitable for pulpwood.

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Utilization potential of naturally regenerated Mongolian Betula platyphylla wood based on growth characteristics and wood properties

Silva Fennica ◽

10.14214/sf.10284 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Togtokhbayar Erdene-Ochir ◽

Futoshi Ishiguri ◽

Ikumi Nezu ◽

Bayasaa Tumenjargal ◽

Bayartsesteg Baasan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Stress Wave ◽

Annual Ring ◽

Basic Density ◽

Wood Properties ◽

Growth Characteristics ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Betula Platyphylla ◽

Stress Wave Velocity

To preliminary evaluate the potential wood utilization of Sukaczev trees naturally regenerated in Mongolia, growth characteristics (stem diameter and tree height), wood properties (annual ring width, basic density, and compressive strength parallel to grain at the green condition) of core samples, and stress-wave velocity in stems were investigated for trees grown naturally in three different sites in Selenge, Mongolia. trees, naturally grown in Nikko, Japan, were also examined to compare wood properties between the two regions. The mean values of stem diameter, tree height, stress-wave velocity of stems, annual ring width, basic density, and compressive strength parallel to grain at green condition in Mongolian were 17.6 cm, 14.1 m, 3.50 km s, 1.27 mm, 0.51 g cm, and 20.4 MPa, respectively. Basic density and compressive strength were decreased first from the pith, and then gradually increased toward the bark. The wood properties of trees grown naturally in Mongolia were similar to those in trees grown in Japan. Growth characteristics, especially stem diameter, were positively correlated with the stress-wave velocity of stems and basic density. Early evaluation of basic density in trees is possible by using wood located 2 cm from the pith. Basic density at the position from the 1st to the 15th annual ring from the pith showed significant between-site differences in Mongolian . Based on the results, it is concluded that the wood of trees grown in Mongolia may be used for industrial products as well as those from similar species in other countries.Betula platyphyllaBetula platyphyllaBetula platyphyllaB. platyphyllaâ1â3B. platyphyllaB. platyphyllaB. platyphyllaB. platyphyllaB. platyphylla

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Geographic variations of wood properties of Larix sibirica naturally grown in Mongolia

Silva Fennica ◽

10.14214/sf.10002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bayasaa Tumenjargal ◽

Futoshi Ishiguri ◽

Haruna Aiso-Sanada ◽

Yusuke Takahashi ◽

Bayartsetseg Baasan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wave Velocity ◽

Stress Wave ◽

Annual Ring ◽

Basic Density ◽

Ring Width ◽

Larix Sibirica ◽

Geographic Variations ◽

Annual Ring Width ◽

Mean Values ◽

Stress Wave Velocity

Geographic variations in growth, stress-wave velocity of stem, dynamic Youngâs modulus of stems and logs, annual ring width, latewood percentage and basic density were investigated for (MÃ¼nchh.) Ledeb. naturally grown in Mongolia. A total of 250 trees with 20 to 30 cm in stem diameter at a height of 1.3 m above ground level were selected from each natural stand in five different provenances in Mongolia. In addition, five trees in each stand were cut for measuring dynamic Youngâs modulus of stems and logs, annual ring width, latewood percentage and basic density. Mean values of stress-wave velocity of stems in each stand ranged from 2.92 to 3.41 km s, and the mean value of five stands was 3.23 km s. Mean values of dynamic Youngâs modulus of logs in each stand ranged from 5.17 to 9.72 GPa. A significant correlation (â=â0.798, â<â0.01) was found between stress-wave velocity of stems and dynamic Youngâs modulus of logs. Among the five stands, the highest and the lowest values of average annual ring number were 193 and 44, respectively. Mean values of basic density in five trees within each stand were examined and ranged from 0.52 to 0.56 g cm. Significant differences among five stands were found in tree height, stress-wave velocity of stem, dynamic Youngâs modulus of stems and logs, annual ring width and latewood percentage, suggesting that trees naturally grown in Mongolia have geographic variations in mechanical properties of wood.Larix sibiricaâ1â1rpâ3L. sibirica

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Stress wave velocity, basic density, and compressive strength in 34-year-old Pinus merkusii planted in Indonesia

Journal of Wood Science ◽

10.1007/s10086-011-1208-8 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 57 (6) ◽

pp. 526-531 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Futoshi Ishiguri ◽

Kazuko Makino ◽

Imam Wahyudi ◽

Yuya Takashima ◽

Kazuya Iizuka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Stress Wave ◽

Basic Density ◽

Stress Wave Velocity ◽

Pinus Merkusii

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Propagation velocity model of stress waves in larch wood (Larix gmelinii) three-dimensional space with different moisture contents

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.15.3.6680-6695 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 6680-6695

Author(s):

Xiwen Wei ◽

Liping Sun ◽

Hongjv Zhou ◽

Yang Yang ◽

Yifan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Stress Wave ◽

Propagation Velocity ◽

Dimensional Space ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Stress Waves ◽

Moisture Contents ◽

Direction Angle ◽

Stress Wave Velocity

Based on the effects of stress wave propagation in larch (Larix gmelinii) wood, the propagation mechanism of stress wave was explored, and a theoretical model of the propagation velocity of stress waves in the three-dimensional space of wood was developed. The cross and longitudinal propagation velocities of stress wave were measured in larch wood under different moisture contents (46% to 87%, 56% to 96%, 20% to 62%, and 11% to 30%) in a laboratory setting. The relationships between the propagation velocity of stress waves and the direction angle or chord angle with different moisture contents were analyzed, and the three-dimensional regression models among four parameters were established. The analysis results indicated that under the same moisture content, stress wave velocity increased as the direction angle increased and decreased as chord angle increased, and the radial velocity was the largest. Under different moisture contents, stress wave velocity gradually decreased as moisture content increased, and the stress wave velocity was more noticeably affected by moisture content when moisture content was below the fiber saturation point (FSP, 30%). The nonlinear regression models of the direction angle, chord angle, moisture content, and the propagation velocity of stress wave fit the experiment data well (R2 ≥ 0.97).

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Relationship between Growth and Wood properties in Agathis sp. Planted in Indonesia

Wood Research Journal ◽

10.51850/wrj.2012.3.1.1-5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Futoshi Ishiguri ◽

Kazuko Makino ◽

Imam Wahyudi ◽

Jun Tanabe ◽

Yuya Takashima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wood Quality ◽

Basic Density ◽

Tree Breeding ◽

Wood Properties ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pilodyn Penetration ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship

The present study clarified the relationship between the growth and wood properties of 54-year-old Agathis sp. trees planted in Indonesia. Stem diameter, pilodyn penetration, and stress-wave velocity (SWV) were measured for all trees (35 trees) in a plot (30  30 m) located almost at the center of a stand. Based on the mean stem diameter, 10 standard trees in a plot were selected for measuring the basic density (BD) and compressive strength parallel to grain (CS). Core samples (5 mm in diameter) were collected from the 10 selected trees to determine BD and CS. The mean stem diameter, pilodyn penetration and SWV in the plot were 40.2  11.3 cm, 23.4  2.1 cm, and 3.85  0.43 km/s, respectively. No significant correlation coefficeint (r = -0.327, no significance at 5% level) was obtained between stem diameter and SWV. The mean BD and CS in the 10 trees were 0.42  0.03 g/cm3 and 28.1  2.7 MPa, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between BD and CS. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a significant difference between BD and CS values of the 10 trees, indicating that wood properties may differ among trees with the same standard growth in a stand. From these results, we concluded that wood quality improvement in this species could be achieved by selecting trees with high density and strength in tree breeding programs.

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