scholarly journals Corrigendum to "Airborne hydrogen cyanide measurements using a chemical ionisation mass spectrometer for the plume identification of biomass burning forest fires" published in Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 9217–9232, 2013

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 9915-9915 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Le Breton ◽  
A. Bacak ◽  
J. B. A. Muller ◽  
S. J. O'Shea ◽  
P. Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Chem Phys ◽  
Chemical Ionisation ◽  
Ionisation Mass ◽  
Ionisation Mass Spectrometer

scholarly journals Airborne hydrogen cyanide measurements using a chemical ionisation mass spectrometer for the plume identification of biomass burning forest fires

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 5649-5685 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Le Breton ◽  
A. Bacak ◽  
J. B. A. Muller ◽  
S. J. O'Shea ◽  
P. Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Global Emission ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Research Aircraft ◽  
Chemical Ionisation ◽  
Ionisation Mass ◽  
Ionisation Mass Spectrometer

Abstract. A Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer (CIMS) was developed for measuring hydrogen cyanide (HCN) from biomass burning events in Canada using I− reagent ions on board the FAAM BAe-146 research aircraft during the BORTAS campaign in 2011. The ionisation scheme enabled highly sensitive measurements at 1 Hz frequency through biomass burning plumes in the troposphere. A strong correlation between the HCN, carbon monoxide (CO) and acetonitrile (CH3CN) was observed, indicating the potential of HCN as a biomass burning (BB) marker. A plume was defined as being 6 standard deviations above background for the flights. This method was compared with a number of alternative plume defining techniques employing CO and CH3CN measurements. The 6 sigma technique produced the highest R2 values for correlations with CO. A Normalised Excess Mixing Ratio (NEMR) of 3.76 ± 0.022 pptv ppbv−1 was calculated which is within the range quoted in previous research (Hornbrook et al., 2011). The global tropospheric model STOCHEM-CRI incorporated both the observed ratio and extreme ratios derived from other studies to generate global emission totals of HCN via biomass burning. Using the ratio derived from this work the emission total for HCN from BB was 0.92 Tg (N) yr−1.

scholarly journals Airborne hydrogen cyanide measurements using a chemical ionisation mass spectrometer for the plume identification of biomass burning forest fires

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 9217-9232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Le Breton ◽  
A. Bacak ◽  
J. B. A. Muller ◽  
S. J. O'Shea ◽  
P. Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Global Emission ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Research Aircraft ◽  
Chemical Ionisation ◽  
Ionisation Mass ◽  
Ionisation Mass Spectrometer

Abstract. A chemical ionisation mass spectrometer (CIMS) was developed for measuring hydrogen cyanide (HCN) from biomass burning events in Canada using I− reagent ions on board the FAAM BAe-146 research aircraft during the BORTAS campaign in 2011. The ionisation scheme enabled highly sensitive measurements at 1 Hz frequency through biomass burning plumes in the troposphere. A strong correlation between the HCN, carbon monoxide (CO) and acetonitrile (CH3CN) was observed, indicating the potential of HCN as a biomass burning (BB) marker. A plume was defined as being 6 standard deviations above background for the flights. This method was compared with a number of alternative plume-defining techniques employing CO and CH3CN measurements. The 6-sigma technique produced the highest R2 values for correlations with CO. A normalised excess mixing ratio (NEMR) of 3.68 ± 0.149 pptv ppbv−1 was calculated, which is within the range quoted in previous research (Hornbrook et al., 2011). The global tropospheric model STOCHEM-CRI incorporated both the observed ratio and extreme ratios derived from other studies to generate global emission totals of HCN via biomass burning. Using the ratio derived from this work, the emission total for HCN from BB was 0.92 Tg (N) yr−1.

scholarly journals Airborne observations of formic acid using a chemical ionisation mass spectrometer

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 5807-5835 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Le Breton ◽  
M. R. McGillen ◽  
J. B. A. Muller ◽  
A. Bacak ◽  
D. E. Shallcross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Airborne Measurements ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Chemical Ionisation ◽  
Ionisation Mass ◽  
Ionisation Mass Spectrometer

Abstract. The first airborne measurements of formic acid mixing ratios over the United Kingdom were measured on the FAAM BAe-146 research aircraft on the 16 March 2010 with a chemical ionisation mass spectrometer using I− reagent ions. The I− ionisation scheme was able to measure formic acid mixing ratios at 1 Hz in the lower boundary layer. In-flight standard addition calibrations from a formic acid source were used to determine the instrument sensitivity of 35±6 ion counts pptv−1 s−1 and a limit of detection of 25 pptv. Routine measurements were made through a scrubbed inlet to determine the instrumental background. Three plumes of formic acid were observed over the UK, originating from London, Humberside and Tyneside. The London plume had the highest formic acid mixing ratio throughout the flight, peaking at 358 pptv. No significant correlations of formic acid with NOx and Ozone were found. A trajectory model was employed to determine the sources of the plumes and compare modelled mixing ratios with measured values. The model underestimated formic acid concentrations by up to a factor of 2. This is explained by missing sources in the model, considered to be primary emissions of formic acid of mainly anthropogenic origin and lack of precursor emissions, such as isoprene, from biogenic sources.

Improved detection sensitivity for heavy trace elements using a miniature laser ablation ionisation mass spectrometer

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 2182-2188 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wiesendanger ◽  
M. Tulej ◽  
A. Riedo ◽  
S. Frey ◽  
H. Shea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Laser Spectrometer ◽  
Lunar Meteorite ◽  
Ionisation Mass ◽  
Ionisation Mass Spectrometer

Detecting heavy trace elements with a miniature laser spectrometer on a lunar meteorite.

scholarly journals Measurements of hydroperoxy radicals (HO<sub>2</sub>) at atmospheric concentrations using bromide chemical ionisation mass spectrometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 891-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha R. Albrecht ◽  
Anna Novelli ◽  
Andreas Hofzumahaus ◽  
Sungah Kang ◽  
Yare Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Atmospheric Concentrations ◽  
Chemical Ionisation ◽  
Ionisation Mass

Abstract. Hydroxyl and hydroperoxy radicals are key species for the understanding of atmospheric oxidation processes. Their measurement is challenging due to their high reactivity; therefore, very sensitive detection methods are needed. Within this study, the measurement of hydroperoxy radicals (HO2) using chemical ionisation combined with a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Aerodyne Research Inc.) employing bromide as the primary ion is presented. The sensitivity reached is equal to 0.005×108 HO2 cm−3 for 106 cps of bromide and 60 s of integration time, which is below typical HO2 concentrations found in the atmosphere. The detection sensitivity of the instrument is affected by the presence of water vapour. Therefore, a water-vapour-dependent calibration factor that decreases approximately by a factor of 2 if the water vapour mixing ratio increases from 0.1 % to 1.0 % needs to be applied. An instrumental background, most likely generated by the ion source that is equivalent to a HO2 concentration of (1.5±0.2)×108 molecules cm−3, is subtracted to derive atmospheric HO2 concentrations. This background can be determined by overflowing the inlet with zero air. Several experiments were performed in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR at the Forschungszentrum Jülich to test the instrument performance in comparison to the well-established laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technique for measurements of HO2. A highly linear correlation coefficient of R2=0.87 is achieved. The slope of the linear regression of 1.07 demonstrates the good absolute agreement of both measurements. Chemical conditions during experiments allowed for testing the instrument's behaviour in the presence of atmospheric concentrations of H2O, NOx, and O3. No significant interferences from these species were observed. All of these facts demonstrate a reliable measurement of HO2 by the chemical ionisation mass spectrometer presented.

scholarly journals Simultaneous aerosol mass spectrometry and chemical ionisation mass spectrometry measurements during a biomass burning event in the UK: insights into nitrate chemistry

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 4093-4111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Reyes-Villegas ◽  
Michael Priestley ◽  
Yu-Chieh Ting ◽  
Sophie Haslett ◽  
Thomas Bannan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Aerosol Mass ◽  
Ionisation Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Ionisation ◽  
Ionisation Mass

Abstract. Over the past decade, there has been an increasing interest in short-term events that negatively affect air quality such as bonfires and fireworks. High aerosol and gas concentrations generated from public bonfires or fireworks were measured in order to understand the night-time chemical processes and their atmospheric implications. Nitrogen chemistry was observed during Bonfire Night with nitrogen containing compounds in both gas and aerosol phases and further N2O5 and ClNO2 concentrations, which depleted early next morning due to photolysis of NO3 radicals and ceasing production. Particulate organic oxides of nitrogen (PONs) concentrations of 2.8 µg m−3 were estimated using the m ∕ z 46 : 30 ratios from aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements, according to previously published methods. Multilinear engine 2 (ME-2) source apportionment was performed to determine organic aerosol (OA) concentrations from different sources after modifying the fragmentation table and it was possible to identify two PON factors representing primary (pPON_ME2) and secondary (sPON_ME2) contributions. A slight improvement in the agreement between the source apportionment of the AMS and a collocated AE-31 Aethalometer was observed after modifying the prescribed fragmentation in the AMS organic spectrum (the fragmentation table) to determine PON sources, which resulted in an r2 =  0.894 between biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) and babs_470wb compared to an r2 =  0.861 obtained without the modification. Correlations between OA sources and measurements made using time-of-flight chemical ionisation mass spectrometry with an iodide adduct ion were performed in order to determine possible gas tracers to be used in future ME-2 analyses to constrain solutions. During Bonfire Night, strong correlations (r2) were observed between BBOA and methacrylic acid (0.92), acrylic acid (0.90), nitrous acid (0.86), propionic acid, (0.85) and hydrogen cyanide (0.76). A series of oxygenated species and chlorine compounds showed good correlations with sPON_ME2 and the low volatility oxygenated organic aerosol (LVOOA) factor during Bonfire Night and an event with low pollutant concentrations. Further analysis of pPON_ME2 and sPON_ME2 was performed in order to determine whether these PON sources absorb light near the UV region using an Aethalometer. This hypothesis was tested by doing multilinear regressions between babs_470wb and BBOA, sPON_ME2 and pPON_ME2. Our results suggest that sPON_ME2 does not absorb light at 470 nm, while pPON_ME2 and LVOOA do absorb light at 470 nm. This may inform black carbon (BC) source apportionment studies from Aethalometer measurements, through investigation of the brown carbon contribution to babs_470wb.

scholarly journals Isotope ratios determination of uranium in soil samples affected due to Chernobyl accident using thermal ionisation mass spectrometer

2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (C1) ◽  
pp. C1-951-C1-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Sahoo ◽  
K. Shiraishi ◽  
S. Kimura ◽  
A. Masuda ◽  
I. P. Los ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Ionisation Mass ◽  
Ionisation Mass Spectrometer
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