scholarly journals Supplementary material to "Variation pattern of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen in oceans and inland waters"

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changchun Huang ◽  
Lin Yao ◽  
Hao Yang ◽  
Chen Lin ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Particulate Organic Carbon ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Variation Pattern ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Supplementary Material

scholarly journals Variation pattern of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen in oceans and inland waters

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changchun Huang ◽  
Lin Yao ◽  
Hao Yang ◽  
Chen Lin ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Particulate Organic Carbon ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Inland Water ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Global Carbon

Abstract. We examined the relationship between, and variations in, particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) based on previously acquired ocean and inland water data. Some new points were found beside the traditional latitude, depth and temperature dependence of POC, PON and POC/PON. The global average value of POC/PON (7.54±3.82) is higher than the Redfield ratio (6.63). The mean values of POC/PON in south and north hemisphere are 7.40±3.83 and 7.80±3.92, respectively. The high values of POC/PON appeared between 80° N~90° N (12.2±7.5) and 70° N~80° N (9.4±6.4), and relatively low POC/PON were found from 20 °N (6.6±2.8) to 40 °N (6.7±2.7). The latitudinal dependency of POC/PON in the northern hemisphere is much stronger than in the southern hemisphere. Variations of POC/PON in inland water also showed similar latitude-dependency of POC/PON in ocean water, but significantly regulated by lake’s morphology, trophic state and climate, etc. factors. Higher POC and PON could be expected in the coastal water, while POC/PON significantly increased from 6.89±2.38 to 7.59±4.22 in north hemisphere with the increasing rate of 0.0024/km. The coupling relationship between POC and PON in oceans is much stronger than in inland waters. Variations in POC, PON and POC/PON in inland waters should receive more attention due to the importance of these values to global carbon and nitrogen cycles and the indeterminacy of the relationship between POC and PON.

scholarly journals Variation pattern of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen in oceans and inland waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1827-1841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changchun Huang ◽  
Quanliang Jiang ◽  
Ling Yao ◽  
Hao Yang ◽  
Chen Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Particulate Organic Carbon ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Terrestrial Organic Matter ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. We examined the relationship between, and variations in, particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) based on previously acquired ocean and inland water data. The latitudinal dependency of POC ∕ PON is significant between 20 and 90∘ N but weak in low-latitude areas and in the Southern Hemisphere. The mean values of POC ∕ PON in the Southern Hemisphere and Northern Hemisphere were 7.40±3.83 and 7.80±3.92, respectively. High values of POC ∕ PON appeared between 80–90 (12.2±7.5) and 70–80∘ N (9.4±6.4), while relatively low POC ∕ PON was found from 20 (6.6±2.8) to 40∘ N (6.7±2.7). The latitudinal variation of POC ∕ PON in the Northern Hemisphere is much stronger than in the Southern Hemisphere due to the influence of more terrestrial organic matter. Higher POC and PON could be expected in coastal waters. POC ∕ PON growth ranged from 6.89±2.38 to 7.59±4.22 in the Northern Hemisphere, with an increasing rate of 0.0024 km from the coastal to open ocean. Variations of POC ∕ PON in lake water also showed a similar latitude-variation tendency of POC ∕ PON with ocean water but were significantly regulated by the lakes' morphology, trophic state and climate. Small lakes and high-latitude lakes prefer relatively high POC ∕ PON, and large lakes and low-latitude lakes tend to prefer low POC ∕ PON. The coupling relationship between POC and PON in oceans is much stronger than in inland waters. Variations in POC, PON and POC ∕ PON in inland waters should receive more attention due to the implications of these values for the global carbon and nitrogen cycles and the indeterminacy of the relationship between POC and PON.

scholarly journals Macrobenthic assemblage structure and organismal stoichiometry control faunal processing of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen in oxygen minimum zone sediments

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 993-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Hunter ◽  
L. A. Levin ◽  
H. Kitazato ◽  
U. Witte
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Particulate Organic Carbon ◽  
Oxygen Minimum Zone ◽  
Oxygen Availability ◽  
Assemblage Structure ◽  
Sediment Geochemistry ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Minimum Zone ◽  
Oxygen Minimum

Abstract. The Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) impinges on the western Indian continental margin between 150 and 1500 m, causing gradients in oxygen availability and sediment geochemistry at the sea floor. Oxygen availability and sediment geochemistry are important factors structuring macrofaunal assemblages in marine sediments. However, relationships between macrofaunal assemblage structure and sea-floor carbon and nitrogen cycling are poorly understood. We conducted in situ 13C:15N tracer experiments in the OMZ core (540 m [O2] = 0.35 μmol l–1) and lower OMZ boundary (800–1100 m, [O2] = 2.2–15.0 μmol l–1) to investigate how macrofaunal assemblage structure, affected by different oxygen levels, and C:N coupling influence the fate of particulate organic matter. No macrofauna were present in the OMZ core. Within the OMZ boundary, relatively high abundance and biomass resulted in the highest macrofaunal assimilation of particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) at the lower oxygen 800 m stations ([O2] = 2.2–2.36 μmol l–1). At these stations the numerically dominant cirratulid polychaetes exhibited greatest POC and PON uptake. By contrast, at the higher oxygen 1100 m station ([O2] = 15.0 μmol l–1) macrofaunal C and N assimilation was lower, with POC assimilation dominated by one large solitary ascidian. Macrofaunal POC and PON assimilation were influenced by changes in oxygen availability, and significantly correlated to differences in macrofaunal assemblage structure between stations. However, macrofaunal feeding responses were ultimately characterised by preferential organic nitrogen assimilation, relative to their internal C:N budgets.

scholarly journals Variability of particulate organic carbon in inland waters observed from MODIS Aqua imagery

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 084011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongtao Duan ◽  
Lian Feng ◽  
Ronghua Ma ◽  
Yuchao Zhang ◽  
Steven Arthur Loiselle
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Particulate Organic Carbon ◽  
Inland Waters

Proteins: Amino Acids and Amines

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Bianchi ◽  
Elizabeth A. Canuel
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Particulate Organic Carbon ◽  
Nitrogen Cycle ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

This chapter discusses proteins, which make up approximately 50% of organic matter and contain about 85% of the organic nitrogen in marine organisms. Peptides and proteins comprise an important fraction of the particulate organic carbon (13–37%) and particulate organic nitrogen (30–81%), as well as dissolved organic nitrogen (5–20%) and dissolved organic carbon (3–4%) in oceanic and coastal waters. In sediments, proteins account for approximately 7 to 25% of organic carbon and an estimated 30 to 90% of total nitrogen. Amino acids are the basic building blocks of proteins. This class of compounds is essential to all organisms and represents one of the most important components in the organic nitrogen cycle. Amino acids represent one of the most labile pools of organic carbon and nitrogen.

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