scholarly journals Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and its isotopic composition in southern Poland: comparison of high-altitude mountain site and a near-by urban environment

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1849-1865 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Chmura ◽  
K. Rozanski ◽  
J. M. Necki ◽  
M. Zimnoch ◽  
T. Kuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Carbon Isotopic Composition ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Co2 Fluxes ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Mountain Site

Abstract. The results of regular observations of atmospheric CO2 mixing ratios and its carbon isotope composition (δ13C, Δ14C), carried out at two continental sites located in central Europe are presented and discussed. The sites (Kasprowy Wierch, 49°14' N, 19°59' E, 1989 m a.s.l.; Krakow, 50°04' N, 19°55' E, 220 m a.s.l.), are located in two contrasting environments: (i) high-altitude mountaneous area, relatively free of anthropogenic influences, and (ii) typical urban environment with numerous local sources of carbon dioxide. Despite of relative proximity of those sites (ca. 100 km), substantial differences in both the recorded CO2 levels and their isotopic composition were detected. The CO2 mixing ratios measured in the urban atmosphere revealed quasi-permanent excess concentration of this gas when compared with near-by background atmosphere. The annual mean CO2 concentration recorded in Krakow in 2004 was almost 10% higher than that recorded at high-altitude mountain site (Kasprowy Wierch). Such effect is occuring probably in all urban centers. Carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric CO2 proved to be efficient tool for identification the surface CO2 fluxes into the atmosphere related to fossil fuel burning and their influence on the recorded levels of this gas in the local atmosphere. The available records of Δ14C for Krakow and Kasprowy Wierch suggest gradual reduction of 14C-free CO2 fluxes into the urban atmosphere of Krakow in the past several years.

Glacial-to-interglacial variations in the carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric CO2

Nature ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 357 (6378) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno D. Marino ◽  
Michael B. McElroy ◽  
Ross J. Salawitch ◽  
W. Geoffrey Spaulding
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Carbon Isotopic Composition ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Carbon Isotopic

scholarly journals Six-year record of atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane at a high-altitude mountain site in Poland

Tellus B ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Necki ◽  
Martina Schmidt ◽  
Kazimierz Rozanski ◽  
Miroslaw Zimnoch ◽  
Adam Korus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mountain Site ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon

scholarly journals Radiocarbon method in monitoring of fossil fuel emission

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Rakowski
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Carbon Isotopic Composition ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Fossil Carbon ◽  
Fossil Fuel Emission ◽  
Urbanized Areas

AbstractThe traditional radiocarbon method widely used in archaeology and geology for chronological purposes can also be used in environmental studies. Combustion of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas, petroleum, etc., in industrial and/or heavily urbanized areas, has increased the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The addition of fossil carbon caused changes of carbon isotopic composition, in particular, a definite decrease of 14C concentration in atmospheric CO2 and other carbon reservoirs (ocean and terrestrial biosphere), known as the Suess effect. Tree rings, leaves, as well as other annual growing plants reflected the changes of radiocarbon concentration in the atmosphere due to processes of photosynthesis and assimilation of carbon from the air. By measuring radiocarbon concentration directly in atmospheric CO2 samples and/or biospheric material growing in industrial and/or highly urbanized areas where high emission of dead carbon is expected, it is possible to estimate the total emission of dead CO2. Based on equations of mass balance for CO2 concentration, stable isotopic composition of carbon and radiocarbon concentration it is possible to calculate CO2 con-centration associated with fossil fuel emission into the atmosphere. The procedure use differences between the radiocarbon concentration and stable isotope composition of carbon observed in clean areas and industrial or/and highly urbanized areas.

scholarly journals A high volume sampling system for isotope determination of volatile halocarbons and hydrocarbons

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 2073-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bahlmann ◽  
I. Weinberg ◽  
R. Seifert ◽  
C. Tubbesing ◽  
W. Michaelis
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Carbon Isotopic Composition ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Carbon Isotopic ◽  
Promising Tool

Abstract. The isotopic composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can provide valuable information on their sources and fate not deducible from mixing ratios alone. In particular the reported carbon stable isotope ratios of chloromethane and bromomethane from different sources cover a δ13C-range of almost 100‰ making isotope ratios a very promising tool for studying the biogeochemistry of these compounds. So far, the determination of the isotopic composition of C1 and C2 halocarbons others than chloromethane is hampered by their low mixing ratios. In order to determine the carbon isotopic composition of C1 and C2 halocarbons with mixing ratios as low as 1 pptv (i) a field suitable cryogenic high volume sampling system and (ii) a chromatographic set up for processing these samples have been developed and validated. The sampling system was tested at two different sampling sites, an urban and a coastal location in Northern Germany. The average δ13C-values for bromomethane at the urban site were −42.9 ± 1.1‰ and agreed well with previously published results. But at the coastal site bromomethane was substantially enriched in 13C by almost 10‰. Less pronounced differences were observed for chlorodifluoromethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane and chloromethane. We suggest that these differences are related to the turnover of these compounds in ocean surface waters. Furthermore we report first carbon isotope ratios for iodomethane (−40.4‰ to −79.8‰), bromoform (−13.8‰ to 22.9‰), and other halocarbons.

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