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2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Yanwen Lu ◽  
Dong Liang ◽  
Liu Han ◽  
Xiaodong Zhang ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Introduction: Overtraining in football is caused by an imbalance between body load, stress, and recovery. High-volume non-scientific physical training and continuous high-intensity football matches are often the main reasons for the overtraining of athletes. Objective: This article explores the characteristics of the changes in physical function of football players during a complete training cycle. Methods: We use experimental methods to analyze the changes in the physical load characteristics of football players during high-intensity training. Results: Creatine kinase, urea nitrogen, and oxygen transport indicators did not change significantly during football training. Testosterone and cortisol will gradually increase with an increase of exercise load. Conclusion: In football training, we need to reasonably arrange the total exercise volume, exercise intensity, and exercise interval time of the athletes according to the trainer’s physical adaptability and athletic ability, supplemented with nutrition and enthusiasm recovery measures. These methods can improve or enhance the physical function of football players. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.


2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Lulu Gao ◽  
Jian Tian

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise is an important factor in regulating energy balance and body composition. Exercise itself is a kind of body stress. It involves the central nervous system, cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, and other systems. Sports have various effects on the hormones in adolescent height development. Objective: This article analyzes the effects of different time and load exercise training on the levels of serum testosterone, free testosterone, and cortisol in young athletes. Methods: The athletes’ blood samples were collected at the quiet time in the morning before each experiment, immediately after exercise, and at three time intervals the next morning. Then blood testosterone (T), free testosterone (FT), and corticosteroids (C) were measured. Results: One-time and one-day high-volume training can cause a decrease in serum testosterone and free testosterone levels and an increase in cortisol hormones in young athletes. The testosterone level of young athletes rises immediately after exercise. Conclusion: Hormonal changes after physical exercise provide a scientific basis for athlete exercise load prediction and exercise plan formulation. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.


2022 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 126228
Author(s):  
Siventhirarajah Krishnya ◽  
Charith Herath ◽  
Yogarajah Elakneswaran ◽  
Chamila Gunasekara ◽  
David W. Law ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan Gaesser ◽  
Dylan Campbell ◽  
Liane Young

Experimental psychology’s recent shift toward low-effort, high-volume methods (e.g.,self-reports, online studies) and away from the more effortful study of naturalistic behavior raises concerns about the ecological validity of findings from these fields, concerns that have become particularly apparent in the field of moral psychology. To help address these concerns, we introduce a paradigm allowing researchers to investigate an important, widespread form of altruistic behavior – charitable donations – in a manner balancing competing concerns about internal validity, ecological validity, and ease of implementation: relief registries, which leverage existing online gift registry platforms to allow research subjects to choose among highly neededdonation items to ship directly to charitable organizations. Here, we demonstrate the use of relief registries in two experiments exploring the ecological validity of the finding from our own research that people are more willing to help others after having imagined themselves doing so. In this way, we sought to provide a blueprint for researchers seeking to enhance the ecological validity of their own research in a narrow sense (i.e., by using the relief registry paradigm we introduce) and in broader terms by adapting paradigms that take advantage of modern technology to directly impact others’ lives outside the lab.


2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Kelly ◽  
Rebecca Moorhead ◽  
David Wetherell ◽  
Tracey Gilchrist ◽  
Marcalain Furrer ◽  
...  

Objectives Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) significantly increases the complexity of childbirth and frequently involves urologic organs. Multidisciplinary team (MDT) care is paramount to ensure optimal outcomes. We aimed to evaluate urologic interventions in patients with PAS at a centralised, tertiary referral centre. Methods An analysis of a prospectively collected data set, consisting of all women presenting with PAS at our institution between November 2013 and June 2019. Patients who required urological intervention were identified, and perioperative details were retrieved. Results Forty-two cases of PAS were identified. The mean maternal age was 35 years, and mean gestational age at delivery was 34 weeks. Thirty-seven cases were managed electively, with 5 cases managed conservatively (no hysterectomy) and 5 requiring emergency management. Fifteen patients (36%) had suspected bladder invasion on MRI. A total of 36 patients (86%) had ureteric catheters inserted, 14 (33%) required bladder repair, and 2 had ureteric injuries (5%). Conclusions PAS frequently requires urological intervention to prevent and repair injury to the urinary bladder and ureter. PAS is a rare condition that is best managed in an MDT setting in a centralised, tertiary, high-volume centre with access to a variety of medical and surgical sub-specialities.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Dmitriev ◽  
Sergey Koptyaev ◽  
Andrey Voloshin ◽  
Nikita Kondratiev ◽  
Valery Lobanov ◽  
...  

Abstract Dual-comb interferometry is based on self-heterodyning two optical frequency combs, with corresponding mapping of the optical spectrum into the radio-frequency domain. The dual-comb enables diverse applications, including metrology, fast high-precision spectroscopy with high signal-to-noise ratio, distance ranging, and coherent optical communications. However, current dual-frequency-comb systems are designed for research applications and typically rely on scientific equipment and bulky mode-locked lasers. Here we demonstrate for the first time a fully integrated power-efficient dual-microcomb source that is electrically driven and allows turnkey operation. Our implementation uses commercially available components, including distributed-feedback and Fabry--Perot laser diodes, and silicon nitride photonic circuits with microresonators fabricated in commercial multi-project wafer runs. Our devices are therefore unique in terms of size, weight, power consumption, and cost. Laser-diode self-injection locking relaxes the requirements on microresonator spectral purity and Q-factor, so that we can generate soliton microcombs resilient to thermal frequency drift and with pump-to-comb sideband efficiency of up to 40% at mW power levels. We demonstrate down-conversion of the optical spectrum from 1400 nm to 1700 nm into the radio-frequency domain, which is valuable for fast wide-band Fourier spectroscopy, which was previously not available with chip-scale devices. Our findings pave the way for further integration of miniature microcomb-based sensors and devices for high-volume applications, thus opening up the prospect of innovative products that redefine the market of industrial and consumer mobile and wearable devices and sensors.


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