scholarly journals Seismic vulnerability of vernacular Newari buildings in Nepal: observations and analysis of damage due to 1934, 1988, 2011, and 2015 earthquakes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipendra Gautam ◽  
Hugo Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Masonry Buildings ◽  
Fragility Functions ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Collapse Prevention ◽  
Damage Probability Matrices ◽  
Damage Probability ◽  
Probability Matrices

Abstract. This paper reports the seismic vulnerability of vernacular Newari buildings based on the damage observations during four major earthquakes (1934, 1988, 2011 and 2015) that struck Bhaktapur city. Some specific features that contributed to collapse prevention in traditional masonry buildings are also highlighted in this paper. In this paper, we have outlined the insights of each earthquake using forensic interpretations and the recommendations by various researchers after 1934 and 1988 earthquakes are compared in terms of their implementation. With the help of damage database recorded during 1934, 1988 and 2015 earthquakes, we have created damage probability matrices and empirical fragility functions for traditional masonry structures. The fragility functions and damage probability matrices derived in this study highlight that most of the vernacular Newari buildings are likely to be collapsed in the case of strong to major earthquakes.

scholarly journals Seismic vulnerability of traditional masonry building a case study of Byasi, Bhaktapur

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Shyam Sundar Basukala ◽  
Prem Nath Maskey
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Time History ◽  
Masonry Building ◽  
Masonry Buildings ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Rapid Visual Screening ◽  
Visual Screening

Historic buildings of Nepal are mainly constructed from masonry structure. Since masonry structures are weak in tension which leads to the failure of structure. So, to avoid possible damage in environment lives and property it is urgent to conduct vulnerability assessments. Seismic vulnerability of historic masonry buildings constructed in Bhaktapur at Byasi area is carried out for the case study. Five load bearing masonry buildings were selected out of 147 buildings considering opening percentage, storey and type of floor for modeling in SAP 2000 V10 Various methods of rapid visual screening (FEMA 154, EMS 98) are used to determine the vulnerability of the selected building. The Selected Building response is carried out by linear time history analysis. The seismic vulnerability of masonry structures is determined in terms of fragility curves which represent the probability of failure or damage due to various levels of strong ground motions for different damage state slight, moderate, extensive and collapse. From the result of Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) and Fragility curves of the buildings it is found that whole, buildings are found vulnerable from future earthquake.

scholarly journals Microzonation of seismic risk in a low-rise Latin American city based on the macroseismic evaluation of the vulnerability of residential buildings: Colima city, México

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1347-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Zobin ◽  
A. A. Cruz-Bravo ◽  
F. Ventura-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Earthquake Intensity ◽  
Damage Probability Matrices ◽  
Urban Buildings ◽  
Damage Probability ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Damage Probability Matrix ◽  
Probability Matrices

Abstract. A macroseismic methodology of seismic risk microzonation in a low-rise city based on the vulnerability of residential buildings is proposed and applied to Colima city, Mexico. The seismic risk microzonation for Colima consists of two elements: the mapping of residential blocks according to their vulnerability level and the calculation of an expert-opinion based damage probability matrix (DPM) for a given level of earthquake intensity and a given type of residential block. A specified exposure time to the seismic risk for this zonation is equal to the interval between two destructive earthquakes. The damage probability matrices were calculated for three types of urban buildings and five types of residential blocks in Colima. It was shown that only 9% of 1409 residential blocks are able to resist to the Modify Mercalli (MM) intensity VII and VIII earthquakes without significant damage. The proposed DPM-2007 is in good accordance with the experimental damage curves based on the macroseismic evaluation of 3332 residential buildings in Colima that was carried out after the 21 January 2003 intensity MM VII earthquake. This methodology and the calculated PDM-2007 curves may be applied also to seismic risk microzonation for many low-rise cities in Latin America, Asia, and Africa.

scholarly journals Empirical vulnerability curves for Italian mansory buildings: evolution of vulnerability model from the DPM to curves as a function of accelertion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Zuccaro ◽  
Francesca Linda Perelli ◽  
Daniela De Gregorio ◽  
Francesco Cacace
Keyword(s):  
Missing Data ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Damage Probability Matrices ◽  
Damage Probability ◽  
Correct Model ◽  
Vulnerability Model ◽  
Fixed Area ◽  
Probability Matrices ◽  
Observed Damage ◽  
Fixed Period

Abstract In the framework of the emergency management in the case of seismic events, the evaluation of the expected damage represents a basic requirement for risk informed planning. Seismic risk is defined by the probability to reach a level of damage on given exposed elements caused by seismic events occurring in a fixed period and in a fixed area. To this purpose, the expected seismic input, the exposed elements and their vulnerability have to be correctly evaluated. The aim of the research is to define a correct model of vulnerability curves, in PGA, for masonry structures in Italy, by heuristic approach starting from damage probability matrices (DPMs). To this purpose, the PLINIVS database, containing data on major Italian seismic events, has been used and supported by “critical” assumption on missing data. To support the reliability of this assumption, two vulnerability models, considering or not the hypothesis on the missing data, have been estimated and used to calculate the seismic scenario of the L’Aquila 2009 earthquake through the IRMA (Italian Risk MAp) platform. Finally, a comparison between the outcomes elaborated by IRMA platform and the observed damage collected in the AEDES forms, has been done.

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