scholarly journals Estimation of the susceptibility of a road network to shallow landslides with the integration of the sediment connectivity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Bordoni ◽  
M. Giuseppina Persichillo ◽  
Claudia Meisina ◽  
Stefano Crema ◽  
Marco Cavalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Shallow Landslides ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Road ◽  
Genetic Algorithm Method ◽  
Sediment Connectivity

Abstract. Landslides causes severe damages to the road network of a hit zone, in terms of both direct (partial or complete destruction of a road trait, blockages) and indirect (traffic restriction, cut-off of a certain area) costs. Thus, the identification of the parts of the road network which are more susceptible to landslides is fundamental to reduce the risk to the population potentially exposed and the money expense caused by road damaging. For these reasons, this paper aimed to develop and test a data-driven model based on the Genetic Algorithm Method for the identification of road sectors that are susceptible to be hit by shallow landslides triggered in slopes upstream to the infrastructure. This work also analyzed the importance of considering or not the sediment connectivity on the estimation of the susceptibility. The study was carried out in a catchment of north-eastern Oltrepò Pavese (northern Italy), where several shallow landslides affected roads in the last 8 years. The random partition of the dataset used for building the model in two parts (training and test subsets), within a 100-fold bootstrap procedure, allowed to select the most significant explanatory variables, providing a better description of the occurrence and distribution of the road sectors potentially susceptible to damages induced by shallow landslides. The presented methodology allows the identification, in a robust and reliable way, of the most susceptible road sectors that could be hit by sediments delivered by landslides. The best predictive capability was obtained using a model which took into account also the index of connectivity, calculated according to a linear relationship. Most susceptible road traits resulted to be located below steep slopes with a limited height (lower than 50 m), where sediment connectivity is high. Different scenarios of land use were implemented in order to estimate possible changes in road susceptibility. Land use classes of the study area were characterized by similar connectivity features with a consequent loss of variations also on the susceptibility of the road networks according to different scenarios of distribution of land cover. Larger effects on sediment connectivity and, as a consequence on road susceptibility, could be due to modifications in the morphology of the slopes (e.g. drainage system, modification of the slope angle) caused by the abandonment or by the recovery of cultivations. The results of this research demonstrate the ability of the developed methodology in the assessment of susceptible roads. This could give to the managers of an infrastructure information on the criticality of the different road traits, thereby allowing attention and economic budgets to be shifted towards the most critical assets, where structural and non-structural mitigation measures could be implemented.

scholarly journals Estimation of the susceptibility of a road network to shallow landslides with the integration of the sediment connectivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1735-1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Bordoni ◽  
M. Giuseppina Persichillo ◽  
Claudia Meisina ◽  
Stefano Crema ◽  
Marco Cavalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Shallow Landslides ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Bootstrap Procedure ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Road ◽  
Bootstrap Model ◽  
Sediment Connectivity

Abstract. Landslides cause severe damage to the road network of the hit zone, in terms of both direct (partial or complete destruction of a road or blockages) and indirect (traffic restriction or the cut-off of a certain area) costs. Thus, the identification of the parts of the road network that are more susceptible to landslides is fundamental to reduce the risk to the population potentially exposed and the financial expense caused by the damage. For these reasons, this paper aimed to develop and test a data-driven model for the identification of road sectors that are susceptible to being hit by shallow landslides triggered in slopes upstream from the infrastructure. This model was based on the Generalized Additive Method, where the function relating predictors and response variable is an empirically fitted smooth function that allows fitting the data in the more likely functional form, considering also non-linear relations. This work also analyzed the importance, on the estimation of the susceptibility, of considering or not the sediment connectivity, which influences the path and the travel distance of the materials mobilized by a slope failure until hitting a potential barrier such as a road. The study was carried out in a catchment of northeastern Oltrepò Pavese (northern Italy), where several shallow landslides affected roads in the last 8 years. The most significant explanatory variables were selected by a random partition of the available dataset in two parts (training and test subsets), 100 times according to a bootstrap procedure. These variables (selected 80 times by the bootstrap procedure) were used to build the final susceptibility model, the accuracy of which was estimated through a 100-fold repetition of the holdout method for regression, based on the training and test sets created through the 100 bootstrap model selection. The presented methodology allows the identification, in a robust and reliable way, of the most susceptible road sectors that could be hit by sediments delivered by landslides. The best predictive capability was obtained using a model in which the index of connectivity was also calculated according to a linear relationship, was considered. Most susceptible road traits resulted to be located below steep slopes with a limited height (lower than 50 m), where sediment connectivity is high. Different land use scenarios were considered in order to estimate possible changes in road susceptibility. Land use classes of the study area were characterized by similar connectivity features. As a consequence, variations on the susceptibility of the road network according to different scenarios of distribution of land cover were limited. The results of this research demonstrate the ability of the developed methodology in the assessment of susceptible roads. This could give the managers of infrastructure information about the criticality of the different road traits, thereby allowing attention and economic budgets to be shifted towards the most critical assets, where structural and non-structural mitigation measures could be implemented.

scholarly journals Land use and land cover geoinformation properties and its influence on the landslide susceptibility zonation of road network

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno M. Meneses ◽  
Susana Pereira ◽  
Eusébio Reis
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Landslide Susceptibility ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
The Road ◽  
Landslide Susceptibility Zonation ◽  
On The Road

Abstract. This paper evaluates the influence of land use and land cover (LUC) geoinformation with different properties on landslide susceptibility zonation of the road network in Zêzere watershed (Portugal). The Information Value method was used to assess landslide susceptibility using two models: one including detailed LUC geoinformation (Portuguese Land Cover Map – COS) and other including more generalized LUC geoinformation (Corine Land Cover – CLC). A set of six fixed independent layers were considered as landslide predisposing factors (slope angle, slope aspect, slope curvature, slope over area ratio, soil, and lithology), while COS and CLC were used to find the differences in the landslide susceptibility zonation. A landslide inventory was used as dependent layer, including 259 shallow landslides obtained from photo-interpretation of orthophotos of 2005 and further validated in three sample areas (128 landslides). The landslide susceptibility maps were merged into road network geoinformation, and resulted in two landslide susceptibility road network maps. Models performance was evaluated with success rate curves and area under the curve. Landslide susceptibility results obtained in the two models are very good, but in comparison the model obtained with more detailed LUC geoinformation (COS) produces better results in the landslide susceptibility zonation and on the road network detection with the highest landslide susceptibility. This last map also provides more detailed information about the locals where the next landslides will probably occur with possible road network disturbances.

scholarly journals Effects of different land use and land cover data on the landslide susceptibility zonation of road networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno M. Meneses ◽  
Susana Pereira ◽  
Eusébio Reis
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Landslide Susceptibility ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
The Road ◽  
Landslide Susceptibility Zonation ◽  
On The Road

Abstract. This work evaluates the influence of land use and land cover (LUC) data with different properties on the landslide susceptibility zonation of the road network in the Zêzere watershed (Portugal). The information value method was used to assess the landslide susceptibility using two models: one including detailed LUC data (the Portuguese Land Cover Map – COS) and the other including more generalized LUC data (the CORINE Land Cover – CLC). A set of fixed independent layers was considered as landslide predisposing factors (slope angle, slope aspect, slope curvature, slope-over-area ratio, soil, and lithology) while COS and CLC were used to find the differences in the landslide susceptibility zonation. A landslide inventory was used as a dependent layer, including 259 shallow landslides obtained from the photointerpretation of orthophotos from 2005, and further validated in three sample areas. The landslide susceptibility maps were assigned to the road network data and resulted in two landslide susceptibility road network maps. The models' performance was evaluated with prediction and success rate curves and the area under the curve (AUC). The landslide susceptibility results obtained in the two models present a high accuracy in terms of the AUC (>90 %), but the model with more detailed LUC data (COS) produces better results in the landslide susceptibility zonation on the road network with the highest landslide susceptibility.

scholarly journals Effect of Complex Road Networks on Intensive Land Use in China’s Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Chen Zeng ◽  
Zhe Zhao ◽  
Cheng Wen ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Tianyu Lv
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Land Use Intensity ◽  
Spatial Econometric ◽  
Spatial Spillover ◽  
The Road ◽  
Intensive Land Use ◽  
Spatial Spillover Effect

Coupled with rapid urbanization and urban expansion, the spatial relationship between transportation development and land use has gained growing interest among researchers and policy makers. In this paper, a complex network model and land use intensity assessment were integrated into a spatial econometric model to explore the spatial spillover effect of the road network on intensive land use patterns in China’s Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) urban agglomeration. First, population density, point of interest (POI) density, and aggregation index were selected to measure land use intensity from social, physical, and ecological aspects. Then, the indicator of average degree (i.e., connections between counties) was used to measure the characteristics of the road network. Under the hypothesis that the road network functions in shaping land use patterns, a spatial econometric model with the road network embedded spatial weight matrix was established. Our results revealed that, while the land use intensity in the BTH urban agglomeration increased from 2010 to 2015, the road network became increasingly complex with greater spatial heterogeneity. The spatial lag coefficients of land use intensity were positively significant in both years and showed a declining trend. The spatially lagged effects of sector structure, fixed asset investment, and consumption were also significant in most of our spatial econometric models, and their contributions to the total spillover effect increased from 2010 to 2015. This study contributes to the literature by providing an innovative quantitative method to analyze the spatial spillover effect of the road network on intensive land use. We suggest that the spatial spillover effect of the road network could be strengthened in the urban–rural interface areas by improving accessibility and promoting population, resource, and technology flows.

scholarly journals SPATIAL CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSPORT NETWORKS AND ITS CONNECTION WITH THE TYPOLOGY OF TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT FOR THE CITIES OF NAJAF AND KUFA OF THE PROVINCE OF NAJAF

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
A. Al-jaberi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Spatial Classification ◽  
The Road ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Gis Environment

Transport is a link between territories with different types of land use in urban areas. At the same time, the improved accessibility associated with the transport network can lead to increased segregation and a change in land use. The article analyzes the road network of the Najaf and Kufa cities, Najaf province, Iraq, in order to identify the spatial classification of roads and streets. Based on the analysis, three main types of roads and streets are identified with respect to their structural features and characteristics: regional, city and district. The dependence of the typology and location of transit-oriented zones on the classification of the road network is indicated. In the process of analyzing the study area, the most optimal points for the practice of transit-oriented development (TOD) are identified, the territories most favorable for the location of transit-oriented zones of regional, city and district significance are introduced, the main characteristics of these zones are given. In order to reach goals, this article includes the collection of data and the creation of a database for land use applying a geographic information systems (GIS) environment. The result of the spatial analysis are five regional nodes, six urban nodes and seven district nodes

scholarly journals Assessing Relationships between Land Use Changes and the Development of a Road Network in the Hodonín Region (Czech Republic)

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Jedlička ◽  
Marek Havlíček ◽  
Ivo Dostál ◽  
Jiří Huzlík ◽  
Hana Skokanová
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
The Road ◽  
Anthropogenic Processes

Abstract The paper assesses the development of land use and a road network from 1836 to 2016 in the Hodonín region (Czech Republic). The aim of the article is to verify relationship between the road construction and land use changes in their vicinity. The intensity of land use change processes between adjacent periods was calculated at various distances from roads. ESRI’s geographic information systems and geostatistics were used. This helped in assessing significance of impact of road vicinity on land use changes. The time interval of periods for comparison varied between 25 and 80 years due to availability of historical sources. In each period about 20% of the region was affected by land use changes. After the roads were built, there was an increase in the intensity of land use changes in their vicinity. It has been proofed that presence of a road can be considered one of the driving forces of long-term land use changes in this region. This so-called technological driving force impacted mainly urbanisation and other anthropogenic processes, agricultural intensification and grassing. Its significance is gradually increasing due to urbanisation, industrialisation, motorization and the rising mobility. Our results from the Hodonín region indicate that urbanisation and other anthropogenic processes have the closest relationship with the distance from major roads.

scholarly journals Possibilities of Using the Direct Runoff Model KINFIL for a Road Network Design

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Kovář Pavel ◽  
Kubátová Šárka Dvořáková and Eliška
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Road Density ◽  
Direct Runoff ◽  
The Road ◽  
Forestry Production ◽  
System Project ◽  
Runoff Model ◽  
Precipitation Reduction

The paper provides a practical implementation of the hydrological model KINFIL to be used for design­ing an optimal road density system in areas where agricultural or forestry production does not play an important role. In particular, such a road system project is based on the physiographic characteristics of land. Input data for a direct runoff analysis are computed in relation to the geometric parameters of upstream sub-catchments using the method of maximum daily precipitation reduction. Computed direct runoff discharges depend mainly on soil and vegetation conditions. Besides the soil type characteristics, the length and the angle of hill slopes to be drained by a road drainage system are major parameters determining the road density. These discharges are further assessed for road drain capacities designed according to the Czech Standard System (ČSN).

Road Capacity Driven Land Use Model (CADLUM)

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 2227-2240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y J Gur ◽  
D Shefer ◽  
D Magid
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Heuristic Solution ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
Land Use Plan ◽  
Transportation Plan

In this paper we examine the major effects of road network attributes in a metropolitan area on the spatial distribution and intensity of activities, and suggest a model to describe these effects. The model is based on the hypothesis that the transportation system affects land development primarily as a constraint: the intensity of land use in an area cannot exceed the capacity of the road network that serves the traffic it generates. With the model we examine the feasibility of a proposed land-use plan (or prediction) for an urban area, given a proposed transportation plan. If road-capacity constraints are violated, the model employs an optimization procedure to identify a feasible spatial distribution of the activities. In this paper we describe the conceptual basis for the model and its formulation as a distance-minimizing optimization problem, a heuristic solution method, and a simple application.

scholarly journals Kajian Variabel Penentu Peningkatan Status Jalan Nasional di Lintas Selatan Jawa Barat

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Noor Fachrie ◽  
Iwan Rudiarto
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Network System ◽  
West Java ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Status ◽  
National Road

The Indonesian archipelago that stretches from Sabang( Sumatra Islands ) to Merauke ( Papua Islands ) has a variety of abundant natural resources , one of which are West Java Province . Central Government through the Ministry of Public Works – Public Housing has allocated Rp 1 trillion in APBN 2013 (presidential directive allocation) for the road construction of south traffic in West Java. This thesis aims to assess the effect / assessment of variables (i) land use - transportation; (ii) the pattern of development of the area and the road network system; (iii) spatial and regions; and (iv) the level of transport in the National Transportation System (SISTRANAS) towards improving the status of south traffic road of West Java to be became a national road in perspective the function of the road network, which is expected to provide an objective assessment in evaluating the proposed of roads status improvement. Positivistic and rationalistic approach used in this study to design variables and criteria for assessment of land use; the pattern of development of the area and the road network system; spatial and regions; as well as the transport level in the National Transportation System (SISTRANAS). Quantitative descriptive method in this research is intended to provide a description / overview and assessment of data analysis in the form of numbers. The research concludes that the variable of land use - transport and national transportation system (Sistranas) variable can be taken into consideration, because these two variables more realistic in assessing improvement the status and function of the national road compared to the other variables. 

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