scholarly journals First report of lethal yellowing disease associated with subgroup 16SrIV, a phytoplasma on St. Kitts in the Lesser Antilles

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.A. Myrie ◽  
L. Douglas ◽  
N.A. Harrison ◽  
W. McLaughlin ◽  
M. James
Keyword(s):  
Lesser Antilles ◽  
First Report ◽  
Lethal Yellowing Disease ◽  
Lethal Yellowing ◽  
Yellowing Disease

scholarly journals First Report of Lethal Yellowing Disease of Coconut Palms Caused by Phytoplasma on Nevis Island

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 834-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Myrie ◽  
L. Paulraj ◽  
M. Dollet ◽  
D. Wray ◽  
B. O. Been ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Universal Primer ◽  
Cayman Island ◽  
First Report ◽  
Lethal Yellowing Disease ◽  
Immature Leaf ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Lethal Yellowing ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Yellowing Disease

Coconuts (Cocos nucifera) are an important small-holder's crop in many tropical countries and are used to enhance esthetics of coastal areas. Lethal yellowing (LY) is the single most important plant disease affecting the coconut industry in Jamaica. It affects many palm species in Jamaica, Florida, and Guatemala. This coconut disease was first recorded in Grand Cayman Island in 1834 and Jamaica in 1884. Symptoms of LY disease include premature nut fall, necrosis of the inflorescence, yellowing of the leaves, and defoliation. Thirty-eight coconut palms displaying symptoms indicative of LY disease were sampled in April, 2005 at several locations in Nevis. Immature leaf tissues (leaf bases adjacent to the apical meristem) and nondestructive (boring with a bit and braces) samples were collected from disease and healthy control coconut trees. DNA was extracted (2). The first round of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with phytoplasma universal primer pair P1/P7 (1,3) resulted in an rDNA fragment of 1.8 kb, and a subsequent nested PCR using LY16-23Sr/LY16Sf primers yielded an amplicon of 1.74 kb (4). Purified product was cloned for sequencing. Sequences obtained were analyzed with Vector NTI Software Suite. The sequence of LYN 18-3 was entered in Genbank and Accession No. DQ378279 was assigned. LYN 18-3 has approximately 99% homology with LY Phytoplasma U18747 from Florida (Manila palm [Veitchia merrillii]). The disease-associated phytoplasma was reliably detected in immature tissues and trunk phloem at the onset of foliar symptoms in palms by PCR. On the basis of the results obtained from this study, it is clear that LY phytoplasma (16SrIV group) was found in the samples collected from Nevis. To our knowledge, this is the first report on lethal yellowing disease in Nevis. References: (1) S. Deng and C. Hiruki. J. Microbiol. Methods 14:53 1991. (2) J. J. Doyle and J. L. Doyle. Focus 12:13, 1990. (3) N. A. Harrison et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 141:183, 2002. (4) C. D. Smart et al. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:2988, 1996.

scholarly journals First report of coconut lethal yellowing disease in Guatemala

2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 800-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mejia ◽  
M. Palmieri ◽  
C. Oropeza ◽  
M. Doyle ◽  
N. Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Report ◽  
Lethal Yellowing Disease ◽  
Lethal Yellowing ◽  
Yellowing Disease

scholarly journals First report of lethal yellowing disease associated with subgroup 16SrIV-A phytoplasmas in Antigua, West Indies

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.A. Myrie ◽  
N.A. Harrison ◽  
L. Douglas ◽  
E. Helmick ◽  
J. Gore-Francis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
First Report ◽  
Lethal Yellowing Disease ◽  
Lethal Yellowing ◽  
Yellowing Disease

scholarly journals Promising primers for detection of phytoplasma causing coconut lethal yellowing disease in Mozambique

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-308
Author(s):  
M. O. M. Mazivele ◽  
Valter Nuaila ◽  
M. Durante ◽  
M. M. Colombo ◽  
E. Taviani
Keyword(s):  
Lethal Yellowing Disease ◽  
Lethal Yellowing ◽  
Yellowing Disease

scholarly journals Molecular and biological characterization of phytoplasmas from coconut palms affected by the lethal yellowing disease in Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 223-225 ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Contaldo ◽  
Gianfranco D’Amico ◽  
Samanta Paltrinieri ◽  
Hortense A. Diallo ◽  
Assunta Bertaccini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Lethal Yellowing Disease ◽  
Lethal Yellowing ◽  
Yellowing Disease

scholarly journals Multilocus Sequence Analysis Reveals Three Distinct Populations of “CandidatusPhytoplasma palmicola” with a Specific Geographical Distribution on the African Continent

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Pilet ◽  
Robert Nketsia Quaicoe ◽  
Isaac Jesuorobo Osagie ◽  
Marcos Freire ◽  
Xavier Foissac
Keyword(s):  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
African Continent ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Specific Distribution ◽  
Lethal Yellowing Disease ◽  
Lethal Yellowing ◽  
Yellowing Disease

ABSTRACTTo sustain epidemiological studies on coconut lethal yellowing disease (CLYD), a devastating disease in Africa caused by a phytoplasma, we developed a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for “CandidatusPhytoplasma palmicola” based on eight housekeeping genes. At the continental level, eight different sequence types were identified among 132 “CandidatusPhytoplasma palmicola”-infected coconuts collected in Ghana, Nigeria, and Mozambique, where CLYD epidemics are still very active. “CandidatusPhytoplasma palmicola” appeared to be a bacterium that is subject to strong bottlenecks, reducing the fixation of positively selected beneficial mutations into the bacterial population. This phenomenon, as well as a limited plant host range, might explain the observed country-specific distribution of the eight haplotypes. As an alternative means to increase fitness, bacteria can also undergo genetic exchange; however, no evidence for such recombination events was found for “CandidatusPhytoplasma palmicola.” The implications for CLYD epidemiology and prophylactic control are discussed. The usefulness of seven housekeeping genes to investigate the genetic diversity in the genus “CandidatusPhytoplasma” is underlined.IMPORTANCECoconut is an important crop for both industry and small stakeholders in many intertropical countries. Phytoplasma-associated lethal yellowing-like diseases have become one of the major pests that limit coconut cultivation as they have emerged in different parts of the world. We developed a multilocus sequence typing scheme (MLST) for tracking epidemics of “Ca. Phytoplasma palmicola,” which is responsible for coconut lethal yellowing disease (CLYD) on the African continent. MLST analysis applied to diseased coconut samples collected in western and eastern African countries also showed the existence of three distinct populations of “Ca. Phytoplasma palmicola” with low intrapopulation diversity. The reasons for the observed strong geographic patterns remain to be established but could result from the lethality of CLYD and the dominance of short-distance insect-mediated transmission.

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