scholarly journals Fuzzy and Mathematical Effort Estimation Models for Web Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-24
Author(s):  
Jabar Yousif ◽  
Dinesh K. Saini
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Unit Testing ◽  
Effort Estimation ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Approach ◽  
Logic Approach

This paper proposed an Effort Estimation Model for optimizing the deployment of Web Applications Based Fuzzy and Practical Models. Fuzzy logic approach is applied for estimating the development effort, which is compared with practical efforts model in the development process with interpreting the historical data available for the existing functionalities. This paper presented effort estimation model that involves two levels development and requirements for web applications built on three-tier architecture using Microsoft technologies. The first level estimates published by Project Managers and the second level estimates presented by Project Leaders or Developers for any new requirement or enhancements. The model considers the classification of each task as either Low or Medium or High complexity. These tasks pertain to the lowest level parts in bottom-up estimation. Efforts are estimated for designing, coding and unit testing of these tasks and the efforts are summed up to get the effort estimation for the higher level which is a feature to be implemented. The paper also discusses about the application of the effort estimation model by taking a new requirement as a case study. The first level estimates calculated using the effort estimation model has a variance of about 25% when compared with the actual effort. This variance is very much acceptable considering the fact that the first level estimates can be tolerable up to 35%. The proposed effort estimation model would help the project managers to efficiently control the project, manage the resources effectively, and improve the software development process and also trade off analyses among schedule, performance, quality and functionality. Fuzzy logic is used to verify the claims made in efforts estimation. It is proposed a new relation between the number of data and efforts value membership for actual data.

scholarly journals Effort Estimation Model for Developing Web Applications Based Fuzzy and Practical Models

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar Saini ◽  
Jabar H. Yousif
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Unit Testing ◽  
Effort Estimation ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
Development Methods

Objective: This paper aims to build an Effort Estimation Model for design, coding and testing Web Applications Based Fuzzy and Practical Models, which will help in optimizing the efforts in software development. Methods/Analysis: Soft computing approach is adopted and applied in the effort estimation and then compared with practical efforts in the development process with interpreting the historical data available for the existing functionalities. Findings: The effort estimation model presented in this paper focuses on the first level estimates published by Project Managers and the second level estimates presented by Project Leaders or Developers for any new requirement or enhancement for a web application built on 3-tier architecture using Microsoft technologies. The model considers the classification of each task as either Low or Medium or High complexity. These tasks pertain to the lowest level parts in bottom-up estimation. Efforts are estimated for designing, coding and unit testing of these tasks and the efforts are summed up to get the effort estimation for the higher level which is a feature to be implemented. Novelty/Improvement: The paper also discusses about the application of the effort estimation model by taking a new requirement as a case study. The first level estimates calculated using the effort estimation model has a variance of about 25% when compared with the actual effort. This variance is very much acceptable considering the fact that the first level estimates can be tolerable up to 35%. The proposed effort estimation tool would help the project managers to efficiently control the project, manage the resources effectively, and improve the software development process and also trade off analyses among schedule, performance, quality and functionality. Fuzzy logic is used to verify the claims made in efforts estimation. It is proposed a new relation between the number of data and efforts value membership for actual data. And converts it into crisp value in the range [0…1] which helps to classify the complexity of the task and subtask in the design, coding and testing phases.

scholarly journals THE VIABILITY OF FUZZY LOGIC MODELING IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT EFFORT ESTIMATION: OPINIONS AND EXPECTATIONS OF PROJECT MANAGERS

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 893-918
Author(s):  
STEPHEN G. MACDONELL ◽  
ANDREW R. GRAY
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Effort Estimation ◽  
Logic Modeling ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Modeling ◽  
Software Development Effort ◽  
Software Development Effort Estimation

There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that significant benefits may be gained from augmenting current approaches to software development effort estimation, and indeed other project management activities, with models developed using fuzzy logic and other soft computing methods. The tasks undertaken by project managers early in a development process would appear to be particularly amenable to such a strategy, particularly if fuzzy logic models are used in a complementary manner with other algorithmic approaches, thus providing a range of predictions as opposed to a single point value. As well as providing a more intuitively acceptable set of estimates, this would help to reduce or remove the unwarranted level of certainty associated with a point estimate. Furthermore, such an approach would enable organizations to "store" their project management knowledge, making them less susceptible to employee resignations and the like. If fuzzy logic modeling is to be implemented in industry, however, managers must first believe it to be a realistic and workable option. This issue is addressed here by considering two related questions: one, what expectations do project managers have in relation to effort estimation? And two, what is their opinion of the methods that might be useful in this regard? This is followed by a discussion of the results of two surveys of project managers aimed at deriving membership functions using polling methods, the first using an interval declaration approach and the second using votes on fixed points. It is concluded that there is indeed support in the software engineering practitioner community for the use of methods based on the principles of fuzzy logic modeling.

Computing the Probability of Target Detection in Dyanmic Visual Scenes Containing Clutter Using Fuzzy Logic Approach

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Meitzler ◽  
Regina Kistner ◽  
Bill Pibil ◽  
Euijung Sohn ◽  
Darryl Bryk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Target Detection ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Approach ◽  
Logic Approach ◽  
Visual Scenes
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