scholarly journals Effort Estimation Model for Developing Web Applications Based Fuzzy and Practical Models

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar Saini ◽  
Jabar H. Yousif
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Unit Testing ◽  
Effort Estimation ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
Development Methods

Objective: This paper aims to build an Effort Estimation Model for design, coding and testing Web Applications Based Fuzzy and Practical Models, which will help in optimizing the efforts in software development. Methods/Analysis: Soft computing approach is adopted and applied in the effort estimation and then compared with practical efforts in the development process with interpreting the historical data available for the existing functionalities. Findings: The effort estimation model presented in this paper focuses on the first level estimates published by Project Managers and the second level estimates presented by Project Leaders or Developers for any new requirement or enhancement for a web application built on 3-tier architecture using Microsoft technologies. The model considers the classification of each task as either Low or Medium or High complexity. These tasks pertain to the lowest level parts in bottom-up estimation. Efforts are estimated for designing, coding and unit testing of these tasks and the efforts are summed up to get the effort estimation for the higher level which is a feature to be implemented. Novelty/Improvement: The paper also discusses about the application of the effort estimation model by taking a new requirement as a case study. The first level estimates calculated using the effort estimation model has a variance of about 25% when compared with the actual effort. This variance is very much acceptable considering the fact that the first level estimates can be tolerable up to 35%. The proposed effort estimation tool would help the project managers to efficiently control the project, manage the resources effectively, and improve the software development process and also trade off analyses among schedule, performance, quality and functionality. Fuzzy logic is used to verify the claims made in efforts estimation. It is proposed a new relation between the number of data and efforts value membership for actual data. And converts it into crisp value in the range [0…1] which helps to classify the complexity of the task and subtask in the design, coding and testing phases.

scholarly journals Fuzzy and Mathematical Effort Estimation Models for Web Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-24
Author(s):  
Jabar Yousif ◽  
Dinesh K. Saini
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Unit Testing ◽  
Effort Estimation ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Approach ◽  
Logic Approach

This paper proposed an Effort Estimation Model for optimizing the deployment of Web Applications Based Fuzzy and Practical Models. Fuzzy logic approach is applied for estimating the development effort, which is compared with practical efforts model in the development process with interpreting the historical data available for the existing functionalities. This paper presented effort estimation model that involves two levels development and requirements for web applications built on three-tier architecture using Microsoft technologies. The first level estimates published by Project Managers and the second level estimates presented by Project Leaders or Developers for any new requirement or enhancements. The model considers the classification of each task as either Low or Medium or High complexity. These tasks pertain to the lowest level parts in bottom-up estimation. Efforts are estimated for designing, coding and unit testing of these tasks and the efforts are summed up to get the effort estimation for the higher level which is a feature to be implemented. The paper also discusses about the application of the effort estimation model by taking a new requirement as a case study. The first level estimates calculated using the effort estimation model has a variance of about 25% when compared with the actual effort. This variance is very much acceptable considering the fact that the first level estimates can be tolerable up to 35%. The proposed effort estimation model would help the project managers to efficiently control the project, manage the resources effectively, and improve the software development process and also trade off analyses among schedule, performance, quality and functionality. Fuzzy logic is used to verify the claims made in efforts estimation. It is proposed a new relation between the number of data and efforts value membership for actual data.

Task Modelling for the Web (Aufgabenmodellierung für interaktive Webanwendungen)

i-com ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (3/2007) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Bomsdorf
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Web Engineering ◽  
Time Usage ◽  
Build Time ◽  
Object Models ◽  
The Web ◽  
Modelling Approach

SummaryTask modelling has entered the development process of web applications, strengthening the usage-centred view within the early steps in Web-Engineering (WE). In current approaches, however, this view is not kept up during subsequent activities to the same degree as this is the case in the field of Human-Computer-Interaction (HCI). The modelling approach presented in this contribution combines models as known from WE with models used in HCI to change this situation. Basically the WE-HCI-integration is supported by combining task and object models as known from HCI with conceptual modelling known from WE. In this paper, the main focus is on the WebTaskModel, a task model adapted to web application concerns, and its contribution towards a task-related web user interface. The main difference to existing task models is the build-time and run-time usage of a generic task lifecycle. Hereby the description of exceptions and erroneous situations during task performance (caused by, e.g., the stateless protocol or Browser interaction) is enabled and at the same time clearly separated from the flow of correct action.

scholarly journals Developing Web-Application’s Automated Testing Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-110
Author(s):  
A. V. Tkachev ◽  
D. V. Irtegov
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Automated Testing ◽  
Automatic Assessment ◽  
Testing Technique ◽  
Code Coverage ◽  
Client Side ◽  
User Actions

The article is devoted to the technique of automated testing of NSUts – automatic assessment system for programming tasks developed at NSU. The main priority for this technique is to test both the old and the new versions of the application, so that the same or minimally modified tests could be executed on two versions of the system with different architectures. This could be useful while organizing the development process for other applications with a long life cycle. To test not only the server but also the client side of the web application, we suggest using tools like Selenium WebDriver to simulate user actions by sending commands to real browsers. We use the well-known Page Object design pattern to handle differences in HTML layout and functionality, and describe a number of ways to make developed tests less fragile and easily adapt those to work with the new version of the system. The article also describes the use of this technique to organize automated testing of the NSUts system and analyzes its effectiveness. The analysis shows that the estimated code coverage by these tests is quite high, and therefore the technique can be considered effective and applied to other similar web applications.

Software Estimation Framework for Mobile Application Projects

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
Shailesh Kumar ◽  
Anant R. Koppar
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Effort Estimation ◽  
Adjustment Factor ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Mobile Web ◽  
Software Estimation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Comprehensive Coverage

As mobile devices are becoming the primary access channels for information, the authors need to have accurate effort estimation model for mobile application projects. In this paper the authors discuss “Mobile application estimation framework” that was designed based on 14 mobile application projects and was validated against 5 mobile application projects. In this paper the authors discuss the estimation framework for both native/hybrid mobile application projects and mobile web application projects. The proposed “Mobile application estimation framework” provides comprehensive coverage for various factors involved in mobile estimation such as layer-wise components, horizontal components and others. The estimation framework also considers the cost drivers and is used as effort adjustment factor. The proposed mobile application estimation framework achieved the MMRE of 0.207 with pred (0.3) of 80%.

Empirical Studies for Web Effort Estimation

2009 ◽  
pp. 311-326
Author(s):  
Sergio Di Martino ◽  
Filomena Ferrucci ◽  
Carmine Gravino
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Effort Estimation ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Web Engineering ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
The Many

Web technologies are being even more adopted for the development of public and private applications, due to the many intrinsic advantages. Due to this diffusion, estimating the effort required to develop Web applications represents an emerging issue in the field of Web engineering since it can deeply affect the competitiveness of a software company. To this aim, in the last years, several estimation techniques have been proposed. Moreover, many empirical studies have been carried out so far to assess their effectiveness in predicting Web application development effort. In the chapter, we report on and discuss the results of the most significant empirical studies undertaken in this field.

Effort Estimation Model for each Phase of Software Development Life Cycle

2012 ◽  
pp. 238-246
Author(s):  
Sarah Afzal Safavi ◽  
Maqbool Uddin Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Effort Estimation ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Development Life Cycle ◽  
Software Development Life Cycle ◽  
The Cost

The assessment of main risks in software development discloses that a major threat of delays are caused by poor effort / cost estimation of the project. Low / poor cost estimation is the second highest priority risk [Basit Shahzad]. This risk can affect four out of a total five phases of the software development life cycle i.e. Analysis, Design, Coding and Testing. Hence targeting this risk alone may reduce the overall risk impact of the project by fifty percent. Architectural designing of the system is a great activity which consumes most of the time in SDLC. Obviously, effort is put forth to produce the design of the system. It is evident that none of the existing estimation models try to calculate the effort put on designing of the system. Although use case estimation model uses the use case points to estimate the cost. But what is the cost of creating use cases? One reason of poor estimates produced by existing models can be negligence of design effort/cost. Therefore it shall be well estimated to prevent any cost overrun of the project. We propose a model to estimate the effort in each of these phases rather than just relying upon the cost estimation of the coding phase only. It will also ease the monitoring of project status and comparison against planned cost and actual cost incurred so far at any point of time.

Automotive ECU Software Design Based on AUTOSAR

2014 ◽  
Vol 577 ◽  
pp. 1034-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Jie Wang ◽  
Le Ge ◽  
Tian Yong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Software Design ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Software Development Process ◽  
Automotive Software ◽  
Development Tools ◽  
Development Methods

Aimed at the defects and deficiencies of traditional automotive ECU (Electronic Control Unit) development methods, AUTOSAR as a new standard for automotive software development makes the software development process simplified greatly. The existing AUTOSAR development tools are studied and compared in this article to analyze of their respective characteristics, and an ECU software design scheme of the system is summarized according to the methodology. The research results prove that AUTOSAR can raise the development efficiency and software portability.

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