scholarly journals PROXIMATE ANALYSIS AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTANT OF WATER AND SEDIMENTS IN OSUN RIVER

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
V. O. Ashaolu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Minute Amount ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Who Standards ◽  
Water And Sediment Samples

There are thirty-five (35) metals with public health implications due to occupational or residential exposure; twenty-three (23) of these are called heavy elements or metals. They are Antimony, Arsenic, Bismuth, Cadmium, Cerium, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Gallium, Gold, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Nickel, Platinum, Silver, Tellurium, Thallium, Tin, Uranium, Vanadium, and Zinc. Interestingly, minute amount of these elements are common in our environment and diet and are actually necessary for a balanced health, but increased consumption may cause acute or chronic toxicity (poisoning). Allergies are not uncommon and repeated long-term exposure to these metals such as Zinc, Lead, Chromium, Selenium, Nickel, Cobalt and Cadmium may cause cancer. The alarming perceived increase of these pollutants around the south-western regions of Nigeria have necessitated the need to evaluate water and sediment samples of Osun river, popularly known for its cultural practices and activities. The physicochemical properties of samples such as pH, TDS EC, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Conductivity, Total Hardness, Sodium, Potassium, Phosphate, Nitrate, Chloride were analyzed and result showed compliance with recommended WHO standards. Trace and heavy metal composition in water using standard methods indicates the presence of Calcium (5.11±0.04ppm), Magnesium (0.54±0.004ppm), Potassium (1.28±0.01ppm) and Iron (0.05±0.00ppm) while sediment sample contained high composition of Zinc (21.99±2.67ppm), Iron (261.6±2.00ppm) and Manganese (105.6+0.50ppm).  Results obtained from proximate analysis of both water and sediment samples, shows that there are no heavy metals presence in Osun River that could pose a threat to public health. Rather, there are more minerals and nutrients in availability which implies that water sample lacks considerable pollutants and can be certified healthy for moderate consumption and domestic uses which is within permissible value limits of WHO standards. Ashaolu V. O. | Research Scholar, Department of Chemistry, LIFE, Loyola College, Chennai-600034

scholarly journals Assessment of physiochemical, heavy metal and indicator bacterial groups in water and soil samples of different oil contaminated regions, Tiruchirappalli city

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
C. Vinothini ◽  
R. Ravikumar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Water And Soil Samples ◽  
Bacterial Groups ◽  
Water And Sediment Samples

The levels of physiochemical, heavy metal and microbiological pollution in different oil contaminated regions of Tiruchirappalli city were reported in the study. The water and sediment samples from four different oil contaminated regions in Tiruchirappalli city were collected during monsoon 2015. The sampling regions were divided into two category such as heavy oil contaminated regions (oil shed / oil washed regions) and bus stand regions. In oil contaminated water sample, counts of TVC, TC, TS, FC, FS, VC, SAC, SHC and PC were in the range of 21300 126000, 1620 13200, 240 1050, 250 1130, 100 250, 120 180, 80 160, 130 200 and 260 560 CFU/mL, respectively. In soil sample, the TVC, TC, TS, FC, FS, VLO, SC and PC ranges were 56000 218000, 3100 14800, 350 1260, 330 1420, 150 300, 110 240, 120 200, 160 260 and 410 1060 CFU/g, respectively. The results of this study indicated that oil shed regions gor higher pollutions tha bus stand regions. This study gave a special emphasis on the determination of the levels of pollution and also identified the vulnerable regions. Hence, throughout impoundment and continuous monitoring is needed.

CONCENTRATION OF Hg, Cd, Cu, Pb AND Zn IN SEDIMENT OF GRESIK WATERS

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lestari Lestari ◽  
Fitri Budiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Water And Sediment Samples

Gresik coastal waters is one of the areas that have a potential risk for environmental damage due to anthropogenic activities. Water and sediment samples were collected to determin  metals concentration and to identify sediment quality in February 2012. Twelve samples were collected for analysis of mercury (Hg) and four other metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn). Mercury was analyzed using USEPA method 7471B with Flameless-AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer) varian type SpectarAA VGA 20-76 and the other metals were analyzed using USEPA 30050B with Flame-AAS. Results showed that ranges and average concentrations of Hg were 0.04-0.33 (0.13) mg/kg, Cd 0.08-3.05 (0.64) mg/kg, Cu 23.7-234.0 (85.5) mg/kg, Pb 1.74-12.7 (4.29) mg/kg, and Zn 77.0-405.0 (133.0) mg/kg. Metals with high concentrations were detected in some places and by SQG-Q, surface sediment showed a moderate impact level of biological adverse effects in aquatic sediments. Keywords: mercury, heavy metal, sediment, Gresik.

scholarly journals CONCENTRATION OF Hg, Cd, Cu, Pb AND Zn IN SEDIMENT OF GRESIK WATERS

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lestari Lestari ◽  
Fitri Budiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Water And Sediment Samples

<p>Gresik coastal waters is one of the areas that have a potential risk for environmental damage due to anthropogenic activities. Water and sediment samples were collected to determin  metals concentration and to identify sediment quality in February 2012. Twelve samples were collected for analysis of mercury (Hg) and four other metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn). Mercury was analyzed using USEPA method 7471B with Flameless-AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer) varian type SpectarAA VGA 20-76 and the other metals were analyzed using USEPA 30050B with Flame-AAS. Results showed that ranges and average concentrations of Hg were 0.04-0.33 (0.13) mg/kg, Cd 0.08-3.05 (0.64) mg/kg, Cu 23.7-234.0 (85.5) mg/kg, Pb 1.74-12.7 (4.29) mg/kg, and Zn 77.0-405.0 (133.0) mg/kg. Metals with high concentrations were detected in some places and by SQG-Q, surface sediment showed a moderate impact level of biological adverse effects in aquatic sediments.</p> <p>Keywords: mercury, heavy metal, sediment, Gresik.</p>

Taking the pulse of Mother Ganga - Revealing the visible and invisible water pollution crisis along the Ganges River

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Network ◽  
Ganges River ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
The Ganges ◽  
Water And Sediment Samples

&lt;p&gt;It is probably hard to overestimate the significance of the River Ganges for its spiritual, cultural and religious importance. As the worlds&amp;#8217; most populated river basin and a major water resource for the 400 million people inhabiting its catchment, the Ganges represents one of the most complex and stressed river systems globally. This makes the understanding and management of its water quality an act of humanitarian and geopolitical relevance. Water quality along the Ganges is critically impacted by multiple stressors, including agricultural, industrial and domestic pollution inputs, a lack and failure of water and sanitation infrastructure, increasing water demands in areas of intense population growth and migration, as well as the severe implications of land use and climate change. Some aspects of water pollution are readily visualised as the river network evolves, whilst others contribute to an invisible water crisis (Worldbank, 2019) that affects the life and health of hundreds of millions of people.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We report the findings of a large collaborative study to monitor the evolution of water pollution along the 2500 km length of the Ganges river and its major tributaries that was carried out over a six-week period in Nov/Dec 2019 by three teams of more than 30 international researchers from 10 institutions. Surface water and sediment were sampled from more than 80 locations along the river and analysed for organic contaminants, nutrients, metals, pathogen indicators, microbial activity and diversity as well as microplastics, integrating in-situ fluorescence and UV absorbance optical sensor technologies with laboratory sample preparation and analyses. Water and sediment samples were analysed to identify the co-existence of pollution hotspots, quantify their spatial footprint and identify potential source areas, dilution, connectivity and thus, derive understanding of the interactions between proximal and distal of sources solute and particulate pollutants.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our results reveal the co-existence of distinct pollution hotspots for several contaminants that can be linked to population density and land use in the proximity of sampling sites as well as the contributing catchment area. While some pollution hotspots were characterised by increased concentrations of most contaminant groups, several hotspots of specific pollutants (e.g., microplastics) were identified that could be linked to specific cultural and religious activities. Interestingly, the downstream footprint of specific pollution hotspots from contamination sources along the main stem of the Ganges or through major tributaries varied between contaminants, with generally no significant downstream accumulation emerging in water pollution levels, bearing significant implications for the spatial reach and legacy of pollution hotspots. Furthermore, the comparison of the downstream evolution of multi-pollution profiles between surface water and sediment samples support interpretations of the role of in-stream fate and transport processes in comparison to patterns of pollution source zone activations across the channel. In reporting the development of this multi-dimensional pollution dataset, we intend to stimulate a discussion on the usefulness of large river network surveys to better understand the relative contributions, footprints and impacts of variable pollution sources and how this information can be used for integrated approaches in water resources and pollution management.&lt;/p&gt;

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