Comparison of the Release rate, Penetration and Physical stability of p-Methoxycinamic acid (PMCA) in Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC), Solid Lipid Nanoparticle (SLN) and Nanoemulsion (NE) systems

Objective: The p-methoxycinnamic acid (PMCA) was known has antiinflamatory effect which is difficult to dissolve in water, to increase the penetration to the skin it’s was loaded in the nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) delivery system used the combination of beeswax-cacao oleum and virgin coconut oil (VCO), compared with solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) and nanoemulsion (NE) delivery systems. Material and Method: PMCA concentrations of 1% in each system were prepared by the high shear homogenization method, namely NLC-PMCA and SLN-PMCA; and was prepared by emulsification method namely NE-PMCA. Then all systems are characterized and tested for release rate, penetration into the rat skin, also were tested for physical stability. The results of this research: All systems have a pH value in the range of 4.2 - 4.5 which falls into the skin's pH range (4-6.5). The viscosity of the NLC-PMCA, SLN-PMCA and NE-PMCA systems are 30.03±6.29; 93.77± 6.11 and 3.43±0.16 cPs, respectively. The particle size of NLC-PMCA, SLN-PMCA and NE-PMCA are 423.6± 33.6; 830.7±71.3 and 57.1±1.6nm, respectively. The release rate of PMCA in the NLC-PMCA, SLN-PMCA and NE-PMCA system are 0.2210±0.0089; 0.1972±0.0145 and 0.4690±0.0228µg/cm2/minute, respectively. The depth of PMCA penetration in the NLC-PMCA, SLN-PMCA and NE-PMCA system at 30 minutes after application are 1173.0±37.8; 703.3±117.2; 1414.3±106.4µm, respectively and at 2 hours after application are 1268.8±111.9; 945.6±140.4; 1832.5±92.8μm, respectively. The NLC-PMCA has no physical changes in 14 days’ storage, whereas the SLN-PMCA consistency becomes thicker and the NE-PMCA becomes turbid. Conclusion: NLC-PMCA has better release rate and deeper penetration than SLN-PMCA, even though it is lower and shallower than NE-PMCA, but NLC-PMCA has better physical stability than SLN-PMCA and NE-PMCA.

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Effect of Lipid Composition on Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) on Ubiquinone Effectiveness as an Anti-aging Cosmetics

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.8.3.5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Tamara Gusti Ebtavanny ◽

Widji Soeratri ◽

Noorma Rosita

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Particle Size ◽

Lipid Composition ◽

Entrapment Efficiency ◽

Rapid Onset ◽

Homogenization Method ◽

Nanostructured Lipid Carrier ◽

Onset Of Action ◽

Solid Lipid ◽

Ph Range

The purpose of this research is to determine the optimum composition of solid lipid and liquid lipid in order to increase the penetration and effectiveness of Q10 as antioxidant in anti-aging cosmetics. Solid lipid and liquid lipid used in this study were cetyl palmitate and caprylic, which were combined to four (4) different ratios, namely 10:0; 9:1; 7:3 and 5:5. NLC Q10 in this study was produced by high shear homogenization method at 3400 rpm for 5 cycles and at 24000 for 1 cycle. The fourth formula was evaluated in term of characteristics, penetration and effectiveness. From the pH test , it was known that all formulas met the skin pH range (4.0-6.0). For the particle size test , all formulas (NLC 1 - NLC 4) were in the range from 269.13 to 354.77 nm with NLC 3 (7: 3) had the smallest particle size. The results of viscosity and surface tension test were also consistent with the theory, where the addition of liquid lipid reduced viscosity and surface tension of the system. The entrapment efficiency (EE) demonstrated the EE of NLC 1: 22.24%; NLC 2: 24.71%; NLC 3: 58.21% and NLC 4:36.94%. The penetration test showed all systems were able to penetrate the dermis layer at the 5th hour. NLC 3 (7:3) had more rapid onset, while the NLC Q10 with the ratio of lipid 9:1, had slower onset of action but can penetrate farther than the other NLC Q10 system. The result of Q10 effectiveness test showed NLC 2 (9:1) has lowest total macrophage (23.33) and very dense collagen observation (score : 4). From this research, it can be concluded that NLC 2 (9:1) had the most optimal lipid composition to increase the penetration and effectiveness of Q10 as an antioxidant in anti-aging cosmetics.

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Development of solid lipid nanoparticle and nanostructured lipid carrier with dairy ingredients

International Dairy Journal ◽

10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105186 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105186

Author(s):

Mayara de Souza Queirós ◽

Rodolfo Lázaro Soares Viriato ◽

Ana Paula Badan Ribeiro ◽

Mirna Lúcia Gigante

Keyword(s):

Nanostructured Lipid Carrier ◽

Solid Lipid Nanoparticle ◽

Solid Lipid ◽

Lipid Nanoparticle ◽

Dairy Ingredients

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Short Term Stability Testing of Efavirenz-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticle (SLN) and Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) Dispersions

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics11080397 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 397 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Pedzisai A. Makoni ◽

Kasongo Wa Kasongo ◽

Roderick B. Walker

Keyword(s):

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽

Encapsulation Efficiency ◽

Lipid Nanoparticles ◽

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers ◽

Nanostructured Lipid Carrier ◽

Solid Lipid Nanoparticle ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Stability ◽

Solid Lipid ◽

Lipid Nanoparticle

The short term stability of efavirenz-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle and nanostructured lipid carrier dispersions was investigated. Hot High Pressure Homogenization with the capability for scale up production was successfully used to manufacture the nanocarriers without the use of toxic organic solvents for the first time. Glyceryl monostearate and Transcutol® HP were used as the solid and liquid lipids. Tween® 80 was used to stabilize the lipid nanocarriers. A Box-Behnken Design was used to identify the optimum operating and production conditions viz., 1100 bar for 3 cycles for the solid lipid nanoparticles and 1500 bar for 5 cycles for nanostructured lipid carriers. The optimized nanocarriers were predicted to exhibit 10% efavirenz loading with 3% and 4% Tween® 80 for solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers, respectively. Characterization of the optimized solid lipid nanoparticle and nanostructured lipid carrier formulations in relation to shape, surface morphology, polymorphism, crystallinity and compatibility revealed stable formulations with particle sizes in the nanometer range had been produced. The nanocarriers had excellent efavirenz loading with the encapsulation efficiency >90%. The optimized nanocarriers exhibited biphasic in vitro release patterns with an initial burst release during the initial 0–3 h followed by sustained release over a 24 h period The colloidal systems showed excellent stability in terms of Zeta potential, particle size, polydispersity index and encapsulation efficiency when stored for 8 weeks at 25 °C/60% RH in comparison to when stored at 40 °C/75% RH. The formulations manufactured using the optimized conditions and composition proved to be physically stable as aqueous dispersions.

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