scholarly journals The investigation of allergic skin diseases susceptibility

Author(s):  
Prajwal Pandey ◽  
◽  
Wei Min Shi ◽  
Samir Shrestha ◽  
◽  
...  

Background: Studies from around the world show that the prevalence and incidence of sensitization to allergens are higher in urban settings. Skin Prick Test (SPT) is being used more frequently now to investigate specific allergen sensitivity along with serum IgE level. Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of sub-clinical allergy susceptibility and to see association with gender, season, age, urticaria, eczema, dermatitis and total serum IgE. Method and methodology: Eight hundred and ninety-two patients referred by dermatologist to rule out allergic sensitizations underwent SPT within one year. We calculated susceptible group and evaluated its ability to predict diseases like urticaria, eczema and non-specific dermatitis in general population. Result: The antigens that had the highest prevalence throughout the year were Mould II (32.38%) and Dermatophagoides farina (33.78%). The susceptibility to allergen was affected by season and age, however was not affected by gender. The predictability was highly statistically significant for Urticaria, Eczema and Non-specific Dermatitis. Conclusion: We conclude that the allergen susceptibility is high and is significantly correlated to the prevalence of allergic disorders in the sample population of a modern city like Shanghai. The susceptibility to allergen is affected by season and age. Keywords: skin prick test; total serum IgE; sub-clinical allergy susceptibility.

Author(s):  
Divya Aggarwal ◽  
Abhilash S. ◽  
Sunil Kapur ◽  
Divya Gupta

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The diagnosis of allergic rhinitis requires a detailed history, thorough clinical examination and identification of aeroallergens by skin prick test. The diagnosis cannot be confirmed on the basis of symptoms alone because both allergic and non-allergic rhinitis can present with similar symptoms. The present study was undertaken to identify the common aeroallergens causing allergic rhinitis and to find any relationship of the severity of patient’s symptoms with raised levels of absolute eosinophil count, percentage of eosinophils in the peripheral blood and total serum IgE.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It is cross sectional study was conducted among 100 patients including both the genders attending out-patient department of ENT. The patients were divided into mild, moderate and severe disease categories based on nasal symptom score (NSS) which was calculated taking into account the severity of four symptoms namely sneezing, watery rhinorrhoea, itching sensation in nose and nasal obstruction.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 76% of patients had moderate nasal symptom score and 42% had symptoms of allergic rhinitis for less than 3 years. The prevalence of skin prick test was strongly positive for pollens (46.19%), followed by dust (16.4%), dust mites (15.7%), fungus (9.7%), insects (9.24%) and epithelia (2.77%). But, among 68 aeroallergens, most common offending allergen was D-farinae (30%). There was no significant relationship found to exist between Eosinophilia, Absolute eosinophil count and serum IgE level with that of nasal symptom score.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Skin prick test is the gold standard investigation of choice for definitive diagnosis of allergic rhinitis.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>


QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Reda ◽  
N M Radwan ◽  
H R Abdelghany

Abstract Background Soy protein is an important component of soybeans and is one the 8 most significant food allergens. Yet, the prevalence of soy allergy in the pediatric population is not well defined. Objectives To evaluate the incidence of IgE mediated soy protein sensitization among children with clinical manifestation of atopic disorders by the use of skin prick test (SPT) for soy protein. Methods Two hundred patients with atopic manifestations attending the Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Clinic at the Pediatric Department of Ain shams University, were recruited between January 2017 till January 2018. They were subjected to SPT to soy protein, measurement of total serum IgE and eosinophilic count in the peripheral blood. Results Of the 200 patients, 108 (54%) were males and 92 (46%) were females with a male to female ratio of 1.17:1. Their ages ranged between 2 years and 15 years (mean±SD; 6.0±33.3 years). Seven patients (3.5%) had positive skin prick test to soy protein. The mean value for the absolute eosinophilic count was 0.4x109/L. The median for the total serum IgE level was 50 IU/L. According to age, the highest percentage of soy protein sensitivity was elicited among patients less than 3 years (57.14%), followed by those between 3 to 6 years (28.5%) and those between 6 and 15 years (14.28%). A positive family history of atopy was recorded in 122 (61%) of all cases. In terms of gender, incidence of soya sensitivity was higher among males than females but with no statistical difference. Although the most common allergic manifestations of all studied patients were respiratory (83%), and atopic dermatitis (22.5%), yet positive SPT to soy proteins was elicited in 43% in allergic rhinitis cases, in 29% of asthma patients, in 14% of patients with combined asthma and allergic rhinitis, and 14.3% of patients having eczema. Conclusion Soy protein sensitization is not uncommon in children especially in those with atopic manifestations. Large scale studies are needed to evaluate the actual incidence of soy protein hypersensitivity in children.


1995 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
M P Oryszczyn ◽  
I Annesi ◽  
F Neukirch ◽  
M F Doré ◽  
F Kauffmann

2020 ◽  
Vol EJMM29 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
Wafaa S. Metwally ◽  
Ghada A. Mokhtar

Background: Skin prick test (SPT) has been identified as the gold standard method to diagnose IgE mediated hypersensitivities; it is accurate, easy and cheap. However, SPT has some important limitations, so in vitro serum specific serum IgE (sSIgE) detection can be a good alternative. The diagnostic yield of sSIgE testing usually depends on the specific allergen. Objective: This study compares between SPT and sSIgE for diagnosis of allergy. Methodology: 61 allergic patients enrolled from Zagazig University Allergy and Immunology Unit, tested by SPT for the common allergens. Serum total IgE and specific IgE levels were measured and compared to SPT results. Results: The over- all sensitivities of sSIgE were excellent (75-100%) for most of allergens tested. PPV was excellent with some allergens (pollens, cockroaches, mites) and poor with others (cat hair). Sensitivity of mites sSIgE was excellent with PPV approaching 90%, specificiy was only 13%. However, the NPV was 100%. Significant level of agreement and correlation between the results of SPT and sSIgE for cockroaches and molds was reported. Positive correlation between the total levels of serum IgE and the diameter of wheal and flare of the SPT for mites, pollens and cockroaches was found. Conclusion: The sensitivities of sSIgE were excellent for most of allergens tested. Specificity of sSIgE varies between individual allergens. Serum specific IgE testing may be a good alternative to skin prick test if the latter could not be carried out.


Allergies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
Tilman Huppertz ◽  
Martha Dahlem ◽  
Veronika Weyer-Elberich ◽  
Boris R. Haxel

Background: Diagnosis of allergic rhinitis is achieved by a combination of patient history and different screening tools, followed by specific provocation testing. Screening tools usually involve a skin prick test (SPT), specific serum IgE or a combination of both. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation of SPT, intradermal testing and specific serum IgE testing in certain allergens and to evaluate sensitization rates, symptom patterns and time of symptoms in a cohort of patients with suspected allergic rhinitis. Methods: Data on 4653 patients with suspected allergic rhinitis were included and divided into five groups: spring bloomers (birch, hazel, etc.), summer bloomers (grasses and rye), autumn bloomers (ribwort and mugwort), mites and mold. Correlation of SPT, intradermal testing and specific IgE test results using Cohen’s kappa and logistic regression were carried out to evaluate the probability of symptoms. Results: Comparison of SPT and specific serum IgE led to kappa coefficients between 0.33 and 0.47, corresponding to a minor to moderate concordance. Comparing the symptoms reported by patients with sensitization diagnosed by SPT, a correlation was only found for spring and summer bloomers with an odds ratio of 1.5 and 2.1, respectively. The most prevalent symptom in the study cohort was rhinitis, followed by others such as asthma, sense of smell and atopic dermatitis. Conclusions: SPT seems to be more sensitive than specific IgE for detection of sensitization. Patients’ symptoms as well as the timing of symptoms, especially for perennial allergies, are not always very pronounced.


2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Krishna V Chaitanya ◽  
Lakshmi C Kalavathi

Introduction Bent and Kuhn criteria are the most commonly accepted diagnostic criteria for diagnosis of Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis. Other diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis include unilateral nasal disease, Charcot Leyden crystals, bony erosions which form the minor criteria in the diagnosis of Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis. Clinical and Laboratory features in Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis are variable. These variations in the diagnostic criteria in the diagnosis of Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis have been analysed in the present study. Materials and Methods Prospective study was performed on group of 46 patients of Allergic fungal Rhinosinusitis presenting in the Otorhinolaryngology OPD with symptoms of Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis as diagnosed and persisting for more than 3 months during September 2009 to August 2010. Results Absolute eosinophil count was elevated in 80.43%, total serum IgE elevated in 69.67%, skin prick test was positive in 63.05% of patients. CT scan revealed that most common paranasal sinus involved is ethmoid sinus as seen in 73.91% cases., Sphenoid sinus was least involved as seen in 17.40% cases. More than one paranasal sinus were involved in 65.21% of the cases.,Complete opacification of all sinuses with calcified deposits were seen in 4.76% cases. Mucosal thickening was seen bilaterally in 73.91% of the patients and bony erosion was noted in 6.52% of patients. Histopathology of nasal smears revealed Eosinophilia in 80.43% of patients. Inflammatory Charcot Leyden crystals were found in 15.21% of the patients45.65% showed goblet cell hyperplasia . Other types of inflammatory cells were seen in 56.52%of the study population and 23.91% patients showed positive fungal hyphae. Discussion The significance of absolute eosinophil count, skin prick test, histopathology, CT Scan features and nasal smear cytology have been discussed along with review of literature. Conclusion Although management of Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis has advanced tremendously with better understanding of underlying pathogenesis, diagnostic strategies are still far from clear and are still emerging. Lot of research work has to be carried out regarding relevant diagnostic criteria for the disease.


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