PAROXYSMAL STATES IN ADULTS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 269-272
Author(s):  
Б.С. Жиенбаева ◽  
Т.Б. Мажирова
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Disorders Of Consciousness ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Paroxysmal Disorders

В данной статье автор рассматривает вопросы пароксизмального расстройства сознания у взрослых, которые выражаются в эпилептических припадках, потери сознания, обморок, панические атаки, расстройства сна. Оценка временных нарушений сознания имеет решающее значение для диагностики эпилептических припадков, обмороков, парасомний, органических энцефалопатий и психогенных непилептических припадков A temporary change in consciousness is the main clinical problem of neurology. Assessment of transient disorders of consciousness is crucial for the diagnosis of epileptic seizures, syncope, parasomnias, organic encephalopathies, and psychogenic non-pictorial seizures. Attacks and other disorders of consciousness converge on a common set of cortical and subcortical structures. These structures constitute the "system of consciousness."Paroxysmal disorders are one of the most important problems of modern clinical medicine, which is characterized by a steady increase in the frequency of these pathological conditions in people of young and middle age and the diagnostic complexity of many conditions. The analysis of modern publications, presented the results of their own observations on the studied problem.

scholarly journals Supernumerary phantom limb as a rare symptom of epileptic seizures-case report and literature review

Epilepsia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. e97-e100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alban Millonig ◽  
Thomas Bodner ◽  
Eveline Donnemiller ◽  
Elisabeth Wolf ◽  
Iris Unterberger
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Supernumerary Phantom Limb ◽  
Rare Symptom

Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood, neurological comorbidities, intrafamilial variability: case-reports and literature review.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Pavone ◽  
Xena Giada Pappalardo ◽  
Naira Mustafa ◽  
Sung Yoon Cho ◽  
Dong Kyu Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
The Body ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Alternating Hemiplegia Of Childhood ◽  
Novel Variant

Abstract BACKGROUND Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood (AHC) is an uncommon and complex disorder characterized by age of onset before 18 months, recurrent hemiplegia of one or either sides of the body or quadriplegia. Neurological comorbidities observed in two couples of AHC affected children are here reported together with data drawn by literature review. Results of genetic analysis obtained in the probands are also discussed. Developmental delay, epilepsy, tonic or dystonic spells, nystagmus and autonomic manifestations are frequently reported. AHC is mainly caused by mutations in ATP1A3 gene, and to a lesser extent in ATP1A2 gene.CASE PRESENTATION Clinical and genetic findings of a couple of twins and a couple of siblings affected by AHC from two different Italian families were deeply examined. Intrafamilial clinical variability was shown in the present cases. A pathogenic variant rs606231437 in ATP1A3 gene was detected in twins. For the affected siblings of family 2, the genetic results showed that the older brother and the healthy father shared a novel variant of GRIN2A (c.3175T>A) gene, and two missense mutations in SCNIB (rs150721582) and KCNQ2 (rs771211103) genes. In the younger brother was found only the GRIN2A variant.CONCLUSIONS Developmental delay, epileptic seizures and motor dysfunction are features frequently associated to paroxysmal hemiplegic attacks. Hemiplegic episode is only a sign even if the most remarkable of several neurological comorbidities in AHC carriers. The comparison of molecular analysis among the four probands brings out how the genetic framework is not recurrent, but may result from an unexpected greater genetic heterogeneity.

scholarly journals Primary Meningococcal Type C Arthritis: A Case Report and Literature Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximiliano Barahona ◽  
Jaime Catalan ◽  
Yoshiro Sato ◽  
Jaime Hinzpeter
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Type C ◽  
Common Clinical Problem

Acute septic arthritis is a common clinical problem in emergency departments. Primary meningococcal arthritis (PMA) is very rare and few cases are reported in literature. D. B. M. consulted the emergency department for knee pain and fever; analysis showed that the cause was a Neisseria meningitidis type C infection. He received a treatment consisting of 2 arthroscopies and 5 weeks of antibiotics. At five weeks he returned to work and at 2 months he resumed sports (jogging and soccer) without complaints. Primary arthritis of the knee caused by Neisseria meningitidis is very rare. It has a very good response to antibiotics and arthroscopy procedure. Short-term follow-up and functional results are often good or excellent.

The management of patients with new epileptic seizures in the early period after resection of hemispheric tumors: two case reports and a literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Sokolova ◽  
I. A. Savin ◽  
A. B. Kadasheva ◽  
A. V. Gavryushin ◽  
D. I. Pitskhelauri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Epileptic Seizures

Microsurgical Anatomy of the White Matter Tracts in Hemispherotomy

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baris Kucukyuruk ◽  
Kaan Yagmurlu ◽  
Necmettin Tanriover ◽  
Mustafa Uzan ◽  
Albert L. Rhoton
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Anterior Commissure ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Microsurgical Anatomy ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Posterior Edge ◽  
White Matter Tracts ◽  
Posterior Limb

Abstract BACKGROUND: Hemispherotomy is a surgical procedure performed for refractory epileptic seizures due to wide hemispheric damage. OBJECTIVE: To describe the microanatomy of the white matter tracts transected in a hemispherotomy and the relationship of the surgical landmarks used during the intraventricular callosotomy. METHODS: The cortical and subcortical structures were examined in 32 hemispheres. RESULTS: Incision of the temporal stem along the inferior limiting sulcus crosses the insulo-opercular fibers, uncinate, inferior occipitofrontal and middle longitudinal fasciculi, anterior commissure, and optic and auditory radiations. The incision along the superior limiting sulcus transects insulo-opercular fibers and the genu and posterior limb of internal capsule. The incision along the anterior limiting sulcus crosses the insulo-opercular fibers, anterior limb of the internal capsule, anterior commissure, and the anterior thalamic bundle. The disconnection of the posterior part of the corpus callosum may be incomplete if the point at which the last cortical branch of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) turns upward and disappears from the view through the intraventricular exposure is used as the landmark for estimating the posterior extent of the callosotomy. This ACA branch turns upward before reaching the posterior edge of the splenium in 85% of hemispheres. The falx, followed to the posterior edge of the splenium, is a more reliable landmark for completing the posterior part of an intraventricular callosotomy. CONCLUSION: The fiber tracts disconnected in hemispherotomy were reviewed. The falx is a more reliable guide than the ACA in completing the posterior part of the intraventricular callosotomy.

scholarly journals Principles for choosing bariatric interventions (review of literature)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
S. G. Balandov ◽  
D. I. Vasilevsky ◽  
K. A. Anisimova ◽  
Z. M. Khamid ◽  
D. V. Shkredov
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Surgery ◽  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Chronic Progressive Disease ◽  
Bariatric Metabolic Surgery ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

Currently, bariatric (metabolic) surgery is the main effective treatment of obesity and associated pathological conditions. The features of the course of obesity as a chronic progressive disease, heterogeneous etiology, clinical manifestations and a steady increase in number of patients worldwide make the problem of bariatric interventions extremely urgent. The article presents the analysis of modern data concerning the choice of the method of surgical benefits in patients with obesity and their own clinical experience.

scholarly journals Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Colon in Uganda: A Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Richard Wismayer
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Mucinous Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Colon ◽  
Pathological Characteristics ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Of The Colon

Introduction: In Uganda, the Kampala Cancer Registry has reported a steady increase in the incidence of colorectal carcinoma(CRC) over the last few decades. The author reports a case of a 25 year old gentleman presenting with bowel obstruction and found to have mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon. This is followed by a literature review of the clinical and pathological characteristics of young age sporadic colorectal carcinoma (YSCC) and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma (HNPCC). Presentation of Case: This patient presented with a family history of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and with bowel obstruction. An emergency laparotomy involving a right hemicolectomy was carried out. The postoperative course of this patient was uneventful. Discussion: The typical histological features of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon were seen on the resected colon specimen. In addition this study reviews the literature regarding the clinical presentation, pathological characteristics, histology and prognosis of mucinous and medullary carcinoma of the colon. Conclusions: Mucinous adenocarcinoma happens to be the most common histological type of colorectal carcinoma in young adults. In Uganda, low risk young patients with symptoms should be screened for colorectal lesions. A high index of suspicion should therefore be taken in the diagnosis of colorectal malignancy in these patients.

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