Un caso di vertigine a esordio acuto/subacuto in un adolescente

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
Rosa Elisa Saia ◽  
Nicola Giuseppe Frattaruolo ◽  
Cristina Malaventura ◽  
Raffaella Faggioli ◽  
Agnese Suppiej
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions ◽  
Horizontal Nystagmus

The most common forms of paediatric vertigo are usually represented by benign causes. The occurrence of vertigo may nonetheless represent the onset of an underlying neurological disease, even without other neurological signs. The paper presents the case of a teenager with acute/subacute onset of vertigo and nausea; the examination revealed horizontal nystagmus with clinical features suggesting a peripheral form and minimal coordination defect. However, the clinical picture and persistence of symptoms led to perform brain imaging (MRI), which showed inflammatory demyelinating lesions with no signs of chronicity. These signs allowed a clinically isolated syndrome belonging to the spectrum of multiple sclerosis related disorders to be diagnosed.

Multiple Sclerosis and HTLV-I associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis are two distinct clinical entities

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidias E Leon-S ◽  
Kimiyoshi Arimura ◽  
Mitsuhiro Osame
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Tropical Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Neurophysiological Data ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions ◽  
Radiological Studies

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and HTLV-I associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) can overlap in their clinical features and thereby cause difficulties for clinicians in relation to diagnosis and therapy. However, epidemiological biochemical, immunological, virological and radiological studies point to a number of significant differences. Recent comparative neurophysiological data, induding blink reflex studies, obtained in these disorders, is briefly reviewed here and provides additional evidence of difference. The abnormal blink reflex in patients with MS consist of prolonged latencies and absences of R1 and R2 responses and are mainly due to demyelinating lesions around the pons. In contrast, in HAM/TSP the blink reflex abnormalities frequently include an unusual early response, R/k, which is probably a consequence of interneuronal hyperexcitability around the brainstem. Thus these findings provide further support for our contention that HAM/TSP and multiple sclerosis are distinctly different both as clinical entities and in their underlying pathomechanisms.

scholarly journals Alterações na Ressonância Magnética Preditoras da Conversão da Síndrome Clinicamente Isolada em Esclerose Múltipla

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Peixoto ◽  
Pedro Abreu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Conventional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions

Introduction: Clinically isolated syndrome may be the first manifestation of multiple sclerosis, a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, and it is defined by a single clinical episode suggestive of demyelination. However, patients with this syndrome, even with long term follow up, may not develop new symptoms or demyelinating lesions that fulfils multiple sclerosis diagnostic criteria. We reviewed, in clinically isolated syndrome, what are the best magnetic resonance imaging findings that may predict its conversion to multiple sclerosis.Material and Methods: A search was made in the PubMed database for papers published between January 2010 and June 2015 using the following terms: ‘clinically isolated syndrome’, ‘cis’, ‘multiple sclerosis’, ‘magnetic resonance imaging’, ‘magnetic resonance’ and ‘mri’.Results: In this review, the following conventional magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities found in literature were included: lesion load, lesion location, Barkhof’s criteria and brain atrophy related features. The non conventional magnetic resonance imaging techniques studied were double inversion recovery, magnetization transfer imaging, spectroscopy and diffusion tensor imaging.Discussion: The number and location of demyelinating lesions have a clear role in predicting clinically isolated syndrome conversion to multiple sclerosis. On the other hand, more data are needed to confirm the ability to predict this disease development of non conventional techniques and remaining neuroimaging abnormalities.Conclusion: In forthcoming years, in addition to the established predictive value of the above mentioned neuroimaging abnormalities,different clinically isolated syndrome neuroradiological findings may be considered in multiple sclerosis diagnostic criteria and/or change its treatment recommendations.

scholarly journals Regional cerebral hypoperfusion as a cause of symptoms and progression of multiple sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
L. N. Prakhova ◽  
A. G. Ilves ◽  
Z. I. Savintseva ◽  
N. M. Kuznetsova ◽  
K. S Rubanik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Status Score ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions

Background. Neurodegenerative processes play an important role in the development of clinical features of multiple sclerosis (MS) as well as in the progression of the disease. At the same time, neurodegenerative mechanisms of MS are not completely clear, which makes researchers pay special attention to pathogenetic aspects of the disease that have not been studied before. Previously it was shown that MS patients can have alterations in the local cerebral blood flow, however, the meaning of the detected abnormalities is still not clear.The aim of our work is to evaluate the perfusion character in the demyelinating lesions and normalappearing brain structures, and to determine their relation to clinical features of MS.Material and methods. 49 patients with relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive MS with clinical and MRI remission were included in the study. The patients underwent contrast-enhanced MR perfusion of the brain on the 3 Tesla MR-tomograph, as well as the Functional System Score, Expanded Disability Status Score and Fatigue Status Score evaluation. The data analysis included automatic construction of perfusion maps of the cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF) and mean transit time (MTT) values in the normal-appearing brain structures and in the demyelinating lesions and statistical analysis.Results. The received results allow to presume that variation of CBV values in MS lesions can indicate heterogeneity of processes in these lesions – from reactivation of inflammation to remyelination.Significant reduction of perfusion in nucleus lenticularis was revealed. This reduction did not depend on the severity of the disease and correlated negatively with the fatigue score. This allows to suppose that the therapy focused on brain perfusion improvement can be used as symptomatic therapy of MS. Considering the fact that regional hypoperfusion precedes the development of brain structure atrophy, it is hypothesized that the improvement of perfusion may prevent neurodegeneration in MS. The obtained findings need further investigation. 

scholarly journals Is that a scolex? a case of clinically isolated syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2697
Author(s):  
Van K. Ma ◽  
Lourdemillard Bellevue ◽  
Maria Espiritu Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Mri Brain ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The Brain

Clinically Isolated Syndrome is an initial demyelinating event of the central nervous system that has been associated with the future development of multiple sclerosis. Diagnostic studies include clinical and paraclinical studies. Patients with lesions on MRI of the brain at baseline will more likely develop multiple sclerosis compared to patients without findings. We report a case of a 10-year-old female of Colombian ancestry and origin, who presented with indiscernible neurological clinical signs and symptoms, with MRI brain with and without contrast showing demyelinating lesions with one lesion “suggesting” a scolex.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document