scholarly journals Premedication with Dexamethasone and Propofol to Control Fentanyl-Induced Cough

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 962-964
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal Farooq ◽  
Haider Ali Khan ◽  
Vijai Kumar ◽  
Arsalan Jamil ◽  
Shakil Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Main Outcome Measure ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Surgical Icu ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedure ◽  
Group D

Background: Fentanyl-induced cough is a common difficulty encountered at induction of anesthesia. Various interventions both pharmacological and non-pharmacological have been used to prevent this side effect including dexamethasone and propofol. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of dexamethasone and propofol to prevent fentanyl-induced cough at the induction of general anesthesia. Study design: Randomized controlled trial. Place and duration of study: Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgical ICU & Pain Management, Dow University of Health Sciences and Civil Hospital Karachi from 16th September 2011 to 15th March, 2012. Methodology: One hundred patients who underwent elective surgical procedure were selected. Patients were randomized in two groups of 50 patients each; Group D was given intravenous dexamethasone; whereas patients of group P received intravenous propofol as the premedication before induction. The main outcome measure was effectiveness of both drugs to prevent fentanyl-induced cough. Results: Majority of patients (40%) were between 20-30 years of age group with mean age was 35.80±10.14 years. Males were more than females. Intravenous dexamethasone was significantly effective (90%) than intravenous propofol (70%) [p=0.012]. Conclusion: Intravenous dexamethasone is effective in reducing fentanyl-induced cough in comparison to propofol. Keywords: Dexamethasone, Propofol, Fentanyl-induced cough (FIC)

Autologous Blood Injection to Treat Achilles Tendinopathy? A Randomized Controlled Trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Pearson ◽  
David Rowlands ◽  
Ruth Highet
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
Main Outcome Measure ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Autologous Blood Injection ◽  
Blood Injection

Context:Achilles tendinopathy is a common and often debilitating condition, and autologous blood injection is a promising treatment option.Objective:To determine whether autologous blood injection added to standard management was effective in alleviating symptoms of Achilles tendinopathy.Design:A prospective randomized controlled trial.Setting:Private sports medicine clinic.Patients:33 patients (18 women, 15 men) of mean age 50 y (SD 9) with 40 cases of Achilles tendinopathy of mean duration of 11 mo (SD 7).Intervention:Participants were randomized to blind peritendinous autologous blood injection added to standard treatment (eccentric-loading exercises) or standard treatment alone for 12 wk.Main Outcome Measure:Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment for Achilles (VISA-A) score and ratings of discomfort during and after the injection were measured at baseline and 6 and 12 wk. Analytically derived effect-size thresholds of 5 (small) and 15 (moderate) VISA-A units were used as the reference values for clinical inference.Results:Improvements in VISA-A of 7.7 units (95%CL: ± 6.7) and 8.7 units (± 8.8) were observed in the treatment and control groups, respectively, at 6 wk relative to baseline, with no clear effect of blood injection. At 12 wk VISA-A score improved to 18.9 units (± 7.4) in the treatment group, revealing a blood-injection effect of 9.6 units (± 11.5), relative to a comparatively unchanged condition in control (9.4 units; ± 9.0). Predictors of response to treatment were unremarkable, and a 21% rate of postinjection flare was the only noteworthy side effect.Conclusions:There is some evidence for small short-term symptomatic improvements with the addition of autologous blood injection to standard treatment for Achilles tendinopathy, although double-blinded studies with longer follow-up and larger sample size are required.

scholarly journals Randomized controlled trial comparing outcome of intramedullary nailing versus percutaneous locked plating of extra-articular proximal tibial fractures

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Pashupati Chaudhary ◽  
B P Shrestha ◽  
G K Khanal ◽  
R Rijal ◽  
R Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Locking Plate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Procedure Time ◽  
Locked Plating ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Plate Group ◽  
Proximal Tibial Fractures

Background: Extra-articular fracture of proximal tibia is one of common injury.The study is randomized controlled trial in which individuals sustaining a fracture of the proximal metaphysis of the tibia will be operatively managed by one of two strategies. The first strategy involves fixation of the fracture with a reamed, interlocking intramedullary nail (Nail Group). The second treatment strategy involves percutaneous fixation of the fracture with a locking plate (Plate Group).Objective: To compare the functional outcome of intramedullary nailing versus percutaneous locked plating of extra-articular proximal tibial fractures in adults in terms of procedure time, time to achieve union, functional outcome, blood loss, cost of treatment, complication if any. Methods: It is randomised controlled trial study. The patients were randomized into two groups, each of size 60: Group A (IMIL group) Group B (Locking Plate group). During procedure patients were evaluated for blood loss, procedure time or any complications. Immediate post operative complications were taken into account and post operative radiological parameters measured.Results: A total of 120 patients (75 male and 45 female) were included in the study. Fifty five patients were less than 25 years age group followed by 30 patients between 25-40 yrs, 25 patients less than 25 age group and 10 patients more than 55 years. The average blood loss is 95 ml in IMIL group and 105 ml in locked plate group.Conclusion: IMIL is more expensive than percutaneous locked plates IMIL came out as a shorter surgery with little blood loss however at the same time much costlier to locked plating. Health Renaissance 2015;13 (3): 

scholarly journals Comparison of Intravenous Lidocaine and Dexmedetomidine Infusion for Prevention of Postoperative Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuying Li ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Juan Ni ◽  
Yushan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Urinary Catheterization ◽  
Intravenous Lidocaine ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group D ◽  
Dexmedetomidine Infusion

Abstract Background: Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) frequently occurs during recovery in patients who undergo intra-operative urinary catheterization distress. We conducted this study to compare the effect of intravenous lidocaine and dexmedetomidine infusion for preventing CRBD. Methods: 120 patients undergoing elective open abdominal hysterectomy and hysteromyoma requiring urinary bladder catheterization were randomly allocated into three groups of 40 each. Group L received a 2 mg/kg lidocaine bolus followed by infusion of 1.5 mg/kg/h; Group D received a 0.5 mg/kg dexmedetomidine bolus followed by infusion of 0.4 mg/kg/h; Group C received a bolus and infusion of normal saline of equivalent volume. The incidence and different severity (mild, moderate, and severe) of CRBD were assessed on arrival in the postanaesthesia care unit at 0, 1, 2, and 6 h postoperatively. Results: The incidence of CRBD was significantly lower in Group L and Group D compared with Group C at 0, 1, and 2 h. However, there was no significant difference among the three groups regarding the different severity of CRBD at all time points. The requirement of rescue tramadol for CRBD was lower in group L and group D than in group C. The incidence of sedation was significantly higher in Group D compared to Group L and Group C, though no difference in other adverse effects was observed. Conclusions: Intravenous lidocaine and dexmedetomidine infusion reduced the incidence of CRBD as well as the additional tramadol requirement for CRBD, but had no effect on the different severity of CRBD.

scholarly journals Comparison of Intravenous Lidocaine and Dexmedetomidine Infusion for Prevention of Postoperative Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuying Li ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Juan Ni ◽  
YuShan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Urinary Catheterization ◽  
Intravenous Lidocaine ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group D ◽  
Dexmedetomidine Infusion

Abstract Background Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) frequently occurs during recovery in patients who undergo intra-operative urinary catheterization distress. We conducted this study to compare the effect of intravenous lidocaine and dexmedetomidine infusion for preventing CRBD. Methods 120 patients undergoing elective open abdominal hysterectomy and hysteromyoma requiring urinary bladder catheterization were randomly allocated into three groups of 40 each. Group L received a 2 mg/kg lidocaine bolus followed by infusion of 1.5 mg/kg/h; Group D received a 0.5 mg/kg dexmedetomidine bolus followed by infusion of 0.4 mg/kg/h; Group C received a bolus and infusion of normal saline of equivalent volume. The incidence and different severity (mild, moderate, and severe) of CRBD were assessed on arrival in the postanaesthesia care unit at 0, 1, 2, and 6 h postoperatively. Results The incidence of CRBD was significantly lower in Group L and Group D compared with Group C at 0, 1, and 2 h. However, there was no significant difference among the three groups regarding the different severity of CRBD at all time points. The requirement of rescue tramadol for CRBD was lower in group L and group D than in group C. The incidence of sedation was significantly higher in Group D compared to Group L and Group C, though no difference in other adverse effects was observed. Conclusions Intravenous lidocaine and dexmedetomidine infusion reduced the incidence of CRBD as well as the additional tramadol requirement for CRBD, but had no effect on the different severity of CRBD.

scholarly journals Neuromuscular Training Warm-up Prevents Acute Noncontact Lower Extremity Injuries in Children’s Soccer: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 232596712110057
Author(s):  
Matias Hilska ◽  
Mari Leppänen ◽  
Tommi Vasankari ◽  
Sari Aaltonen ◽  
Pekka Kannus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Neuromuscular Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background: Prevention of sports injuries is essential in youth, as injuries are associated with less future physical activity and thus greater all-cause morbidity. Purpose: To investigate whether a neuromuscular training warm-up operated by team coaches is effective in preventing acute lower extremity (LE) injuries in competitive U11-U14 soccer players. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Twenty top-level U11 to U14 soccer clubs in Finland were randomized into intervention and control groups and assessed for 20 weeks. Participants included 1403 players (280 female, 1123 male; age range, 9-14 years): 673 players (44 teams) in the intervention group and 730 players (48 teams) in the control group. The intervention group team coaches were introduced to a neuromuscular training warm-up to replace the standard warm-up 2 to 3 times per week. The control teams were asked to perform their standard warm-up. Injury data collection was done via weekly text messages. The primary outcome measure was a soccer-related acute LE injury, and the secondary outcome measure was an acute noncontact LE injury. Results: A total of 656 acute LE injuries occurred: 310 in the intervention group and 346 in the control group. The overall acute LE injury incidence was 4.4 per 1000 hours of exposure in the intervention group and 5.5 per 1000 hours of exposure in the control group, with no significant difference between groups (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.82 [95% CI, 0.64-1.04]). There were 302 acute noncontact LE injuries: 129 in the intervention group (incidence, 1.8 per 1000 hours) and 173 in the control group (2.7 per 1000 hours). A significant reduction in acute noncontact LE injuries of 32% (IRR, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.51-0.93]) was observed in the intervention group compared with the control group. Furthermore, significant reductions in injury incidence in favor of the intervention group were seen in the subanalyses of acute noncontact LE injuries, leading to ≤7 days of time loss and fewer ankle and joint/ligament injuries. Conclusion: A neuromuscular training warm-up operated by team coaches was found to be effective in preventing acute noncontact LE injuries in children’s soccer, but this was not seen in all acute LE injuries. Clinical Relevance: We encourage children’s soccer coaches and health care professionals to implement neuromuscular training warm-up in youth sports. Registration: ISRCTN14046021 (ISRCTN registry).

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