scholarly journals Hume and the Scottish Enlightenment: Two Cultures

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila C. Dow
Keyword(s):  
David Hume ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
De Se

A fi losofi a e a economia de David Hume são fundamentais para qualquerconsideração do Iluminismo Escocês. Está atualmente bem estabelecido que esseiluminismo se caracterizou por uma abordagem epistemológica particular que odistingue de outros, especialmente de iluminismos racionalistas. Enquanto muitasexplicações têm sido oferecidas para essa abordagem distinta, pouca atenção tem sidodada para a presença na Escócia de duas culturas completamente distintas: Highland(especialmente a Gaélica) e Lowland. A maioria dos membros do Iluminismo pertencia,assim como Hume, à Lowland (a principal exceção foi Ferguson). No entanto,parece implausível que a proximidade a uma cultura tão diferente não tenha tidonenhum impacto no pensamento iluminista. O próprio Hume se referiu a questõesda cultura Gaélica em termos dos controversos poemas Ossiânicos, por exemplo, ea questões de desenvolvimento econômico das Highlands. A proposta deste artigoé conduzir uma exploração inicial a respeito de se é possível identifi car quaisquerinfl uências Gaélicas sobre Hume em particular e sobre o pensamento IluministaEscocês em geral. Isto, por sua vez, requer uma caracterização da epistemologiaGaélica, para o que nós recorreremos à estruturação do pensamento de acordo comepistemes tal como desenvolvida por Foucault. Se nós podemos entender o pensamentoda Highland e da Lowland em termos de epistemes, então alguma refl exãoposterior é requerida sobre a estrutura Foucauldiana de epistemes seqüenciais.

Adam Ferguson and the Idea of Civil Society

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Smith
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
David Hume ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment ◽  
Commercial Society ◽  
University Of Edinburgh ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World ◽  
The University

Adam Ferguson was a Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh and a leading member of the Scottish Enlightenment. A friend of David Hume and Adam Smith, Ferguson was among the leading exponents of the Scottish Enlightenment’s attempts to develop a science of man and was among the first in the English speaking world to make use of the terms civilization, civil society, and political science. This book challenges many of the prevailing assumptions about Ferguson’s thinking. It explores how Ferguson sought to create a methodology for moral science that combined empirically based social theory with normative moralising with a view to supporting the virtuous education of the British elite. The Ferguson that emerges is far from the stereotyped image of a nostalgic republican sceptical about modernity, and instead is one much closer to the mainstream Scottish Enlightenment’s defence of eighteenth century British commercial society.

Essays on Hume, Smith and the Scottish Enlightenment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
David Hume ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment ◽  
Subsequent Work ◽  
Retrospective Assessment ◽  
The 1960S

A collection of essays by a leading scholar. The work selected spans several decades, which together with three new unpublished pieces, cumulatively constitute a distinct interpretation of the Scottish Enlightenment as a whole while incorporating detailed examination of the work of David Hume and Adam Smith. There is, in addition, a substantial introduction which, alongside Berry’s personal intellectual history, provides a commentary on the development of the study of the Scottish Enlightenment from the 1960s. Each of the previously published chapters includes a postscript where Berry comments on subsequent work and his own retrospective assessment. The recurrent themes are the ideas of sociability and socialisation, the Humean science of man and Smith’s analysis of the relation between commerce and morality.

David Hume, Adam Smith, and the Scottish Enlightenment

Society ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razeen Sally
Keyword(s):  
David Hume ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment

Commerce, Virtue, and Politics: Adam Ferguson's Constitutionalism

1983 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
David Hume ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment ◽  
Thomas Reid ◽  
Political Thinking ◽  
Francis Hutcheson ◽  
History Of ◽  
Moral Philosophers

Adam Ferguson was one of several moral philosophers who contributed to the Scottish Enlightenment, a period aptly described as one of “remarkable efflorescence.” The works of Ferguson and his fellow Scotsmen — Adam Smith, David Hume, Dugald Stewart, Lord Kames, Francis Hutcheson and Thomas Reid — were widely distributed, seriously read, and vigorously debated during the last quarter of the eighteenth century. The greatest contribution of this Scottish school to the history of political thinking was the refinement of the idea of commercial republicanism, the synthesis of modern notions of polity and economy.

scholarly journals Un peu de débroussaillage dans le domaine de l’épistémologie juridique

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 671-686
Author(s):  
Bjarne Melkevik
Keyword(s):  
David Hume ◽  
De Se

L’auteur expose dans son article quatre thèses concernant l’épistémologie juridique pour expliquer et critiquer les dérives idéologiques les plus flagrantes dans la théorie contemporaine du droit. La première thèse rappelle que le « droit » n’est pas de l’ordre d’un existant, que le « droit » n’existe pas sur l’ordre de l’être et de l’avoir, et que tout discours sur le « droit » n’engendre pas son existence dans le monde réel. La deuxième thèse précise que les éléments factuels ne permettent pas de tirer de conclusions sur le niveau de droit, et que les juristes contemporains ont intérêt à méditer de nouveau ce qu’enseignait David Hume de même que l’interdiction rationnelle de croire qu’un raisonnement peut passer du fait au « droit ». La troisième thèse, quant à elle, se penche sur le phénomène idéologique qui consiste à raisonner à partir d’un « déjà-droit », ou encore d’opérationnaliser ou de se référer à un quelconque « déjà-droit », thèse que l’auteur critique comme étant idéologique et irrationnelle. Pour ce qui est de la quatrième thèse, l’auteur s’en prend aux semeurs de concepts, eux qui remplacent toute réflexion sur la possibilité du droit pour foncer tête baissée dans la contemplation des concepts, anciens ou nouveaux, en présupposant que tout cela n’est rien d’autre que du « droit » ; en confondant ainsi allégrement le fait de semer des concepts et un travail sérieux sur une question de droit. À travers l’étude de ces quatre assertions, d’ailleurs interreliées, l’auteur interpelle les chercheurs en droit pour qu’ils prennent au sérieux les exigences de l’épistémologie juridique. Il exhorte les juristes à s’intéresser à notre modernité juridique de même qu’aux hommes et aux femmes qui ont fait le pari d’un droit à leur mesure.

The Idea of Chivalry in the Scottish Enlightenment: The Case of David Hume

Hume Studies ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryu Susato
Keyword(s):  
David Hume ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment

The Opinion of Mankind

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Sagar
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
David Hume ◽  
State Theory ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment ◽  
History Of Political Thought ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
History Of

What is the modern state? Conspicuously undertheorized in recent political theory, this question persistently animated the best minds of the Enlightenment. Recovering David Hume and Adam Smith's underappreciated contributions to the history of political thought, this book considers how, following Thomas Hobbes's epochal intervention in the mid-seventeenth century, subsequent thinkers grappled with explaining how the state came into being, what it fundamentally might be, and how it could claim rightful authority over those subject to its power. Hobbes has cast a long shadow over Western political thought, particularly regarding the theory of the state. This book shows how Hume and Smith, the two leading lights of the Scottish Enlightenment, forged an alternative way of thinking about the organization of modern politics. They did this in part by going back to the foundations: rejecting Hobbes's vision of human nature and his arguments about our capacity to form stable societies over time. In turn, this was harnessed to a deep reconceptualization of how to think philosophically about politics in a secular world. The result was an emphasis on the “opinion of mankind,” the necessary psychological basis of all political organization. Demonstrating how Hume and Smith broke away from Hobbesian state theory, the book suggests ways in which these thinkers might shape how we think about politics today, and in turn how we might construct better political theory.

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