Critique’s Loss of Aura

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
Willy Thayer
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Charles Baudelaire ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Communist Manifesto ◽  
Exchange Value ◽  
Personal Worth ◽  
Critical Activity ◽  
Friedrich Engels

This chapter mentions the first part of The Communist Manifesto, in which Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels acclaimed the revolutionary character of the industrial matrix that has resolved personal worth into exchange value for exploitation, veiled by religious and political illusions. It also discusses Charles Baudelaire who complimented the defetishization of moral values in which the predominance of the auratic made worse. The serial matrix returns the Kantian use value of critique to the expanded circulation of exchange value in process, with respect to which its use value would be no more than an aestheticizing accessory. The chapter explains how the aura is assembled as an accessory in a planetary “cooperation” that adds more and more functions that are directly governed by capital. It also analyzes the fictional de-aurization of critical activity and revolution carried out by Marx in the sixth, unpublished chapter of “Capital.”

scholarly journals O Capitalismo e a sua influência na literatura simbolista: Baudelaire, Huysmans, Wilde e a estética da decadência no fim do século XIX

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (28) ◽  
pp. 69-93
Author(s):  
Julio Marinho Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Oscar Wilde ◽  
Charles Baudelaire ◽  
Friedrich Engels

Este artigo discute uma possível relação que pode ser observada entre a noção de capitalismo e a arte da segunda metade do século XIX, mais especificamente a chamada literatura decadentista, ou simbolista. Esse período no qual reinou a influência de Charles Baudelaire nas vanguardas artísticas, e nas formas de apresentar um indivíduo que nascia sob a égide de uma sociedade capitalista, teve na modernidade e em suas rupturas estéticas uma forma de expressão da individualidade mais voltada ao consumo. Com isso, através de uma análise sociológica de algumas obras literárias daquele momento histórico, busco analisar quais seriam os impactos desse capitalismo para a formação de uma mentalidade artística, e de ruptura social. Com os trabalhos de Joris-Karl Huysmans, de Oscar Wilde e a abordagem crítica dos sociólogos Karl Marx e Friedrich Engels, além do filosofo e pensador social Walter Benjamin, procuro traçar paralelos entre uma crítica social e uma produção artística, nas quais o conceito acerca do belo, e suas emanações, pareceriam apontar para uma crítica ao modelo capitalista da sociedade da época, principalmente a noção burguesa de realidade.

The Communist Manifesto

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Friedrich Engels
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
World View ◽  
Political Involvement ◽  
Communist Manifesto ◽  
Political Propaganda ◽  
The World ◽  
Friedrich Engels

The Communist Manifesto is one of the most influential pieces of political propaganda ever written. It is a summary of the whole Marxist vision of history and is the foundation document of the Marxist movement. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were aged 29 and 27 respectively when The Communist Manifesto was published on the eve of the 1848 revolutions. The authors had been close collaborators since 1844, and the Manifesto is a condensed and incisive account of the world-view they had evolved during their hectic intellectual and political involvement of the previous few years. This new edition is critically and textually up to date, and includes the Prefaces written by Marx and Engels subsequent to the 1848 edition.

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

1986 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 147-148
Author(s):  
C. J. Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Editorial Policy ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Communist Manifesto ◽  
Friedrich Engels ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Theory Of Forms

Karl Marx (1818–1883) was born in Trèves in the Rhineland. He studied law in Bonn, philosophy and history in Berlin, and received a doctorate from the University of Jena for a thesis on Epicurus (341–270 BC). (Epicurus' philosophy was a reaction against the ‘other-worldliness’ of Plato's theory of Forms. Whereas for Plato knowledge was of intelligible Forms, and the criterion of the truth of a hypothesis about the definition of a Form was that it should survive a Socratic testing by question and answer, for Epicurus the criterion of truth was sensation, and employment of this criterion favoured the theory with which Plato explicitly contrasted the theory of Forms (Sophist 246a–d), namely, the materialism of the atomists, Leucippus and Democritus.) Marx was editor of the Rheinische Zeitung of Cologne, 1842–1843. The paper was suppressed and he moved to Paris, becoming co-editor of the Deutsch-französische Jahrbücher, the one and only issue of which contained two articles by Marx and two by his friend, Friedrich Engels (1829–1895). Together they wrote The German Ideology (1846) and their most influential work, The Communist Manifesto (1848). Marx had been expelled from France in 1845, and went to Brussels, from where he was expelled during the 1848 revolutions. He went to Cologne to start, with Engels and others, a paper with a revolutionary editorial policy, the Neue Rheinische Zeitung. Expelled once again, Marx finally settled in London, working in the British Museum on his great historical analysis of capitalism, Das Kapital. The first volume was published in 1867, the remaining two volumes, completed by Engels after Marx's death, in 1885 and 1895.

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

1986 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 147-148
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Editorial Policy ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Communist Manifesto ◽  
Friedrich Engels ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Theory Of Forms

Karl Marx (1818–1883) was born in Trèves in the Rhineland. He studied law in Bonn, philosophy and history in Berlin, and received a doctorate from the University of Jena for a thesis on Epicurus (341–270 BC). (Epicurus' philosophy was a reaction against the ‘other-worldliness’ of Plato's theory of Forms. Whereas for Plato knowledge was of intelligible Forms, and the criterion of the truth of a hypothesis about the definition of a Form was that it should survive a Socratic testing by question and answer, for Epicurus the criterion of truth was sensation, and employment of this criterion favoured the theory with which Plato explicitly contrasted the theory of Forms (Sophist 246a–d), namely, the materialism of the atomists, Leucippus and Democritus.) Marx was editor of the Rheinische Zeitung of Cologne, 1842–1843. The paper was suppressed and he moved to Paris, becoming co-editor of the Deutsch-französische Jahrbücher, the one and only issue of which contained two articles by Marx and two by his friend, Friedrich Engels (1829–1895). Together they wrote The German Ideology (1846) and their most influential work, The Communist Manifesto (1848). Marx had been expelled from France in 1845, and went to Brussels, from where he was expelled during the 1848 revolutions. He went to Cologne to start, with Engels and others, a paper with a revolutionary editorial policy, the Neue Rheinische Zeitung. Expelled once again, Marx finally settled in London, working in the British Museum on his great historical analysis of capitalism, Das Kapital. The first volume was published in 1867, the remaining two volumes, completed by Engels after Marx's death, in 1885 and 1895.

27. Marx and Engels

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
The State ◽  
European History ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Surplus Value ◽  
Exchange Value ◽  
Political Activist ◽  
Friedrich Engels ◽  
Western European

This chapter examines Karl Marx's relationship to Friedrich Engels and their joint works of the 1840s, along with those works each of them published separately. Marx is regarded as Engels regarded him; that is, as the more important of the two, both as a theorist and political activist in the First International. The chapter begins with a discussion of the Manifesto of the Communist Party, with particular emphasis on Marx and Engels's views on ideology. It then considers Marx's critique of political economy; his concepts of use value, exchange value, and surplus value; and the ‘fetishism of commodities’ as discussed in the first volume of Capital. It also explores Marx's insights about Western European history and his theory of the state before concluding with an overview of Engels's contribution to Marxism.

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