Detection of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri on Satsuma Mandarin Orange Fruits Using Phage Technique in Korea

Several microsprinkler treatments were tested on 5-year-old satsuma mandarin orange (Citrus unshiu Marc.) trees to compare survivability of trunks and scaffold limbs in severe freezes. Three damaging freeze events occurred during winter, with two in 1995-96 and one in 1996-97. Air temperature dropped to -9.4, -5.6, and -6.7 °C, respectively. Almost 90% of the foliage was dead on the control plants after the first freezing event and 98% after the second. A single microsprinkler 1.6 m high in the canopy delivering 90.8 L·h-1 reduced injury; only 54% of the canopy was dead after the first freeze and 71% after the second. There was slightly more shoot-tip dieback on the plants in the microsprinkler treatments than on the control plants after the first two freezes. The amount of limb breakage by ice was minor. The third freeze killed 34% of the canopy in the control plants, but only 26% in the plants in the microsprinkler treatments. Use of microsprinklers increased yield in 1996, but yield for all treatments was very low. Yield for all treatments fully recovered in 1997, averaging 153 kg/tree. Although no death of scaffold limbs or trunks occurred, these results demonstrate that microsprinkler irrigation reduces damage to foliage and increases yield somewhat in severe freezes.

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Performance of Satsuma Mandarin Protected from Freezing Temperatures by Microsprinkler Irrigation

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.5.856 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 856-859

Author(s):

Monte L. Nesbitt ◽

N.R. McDaniel ◽

Robert C. Ebel ◽

W.A. Dozier ◽

David G. Himelrick

Keyword(s):

Air Temperature ◽

Shoot Tip ◽

Citrus Unshiu ◽

The Third ◽

Satsuma Mandarin ◽

Freezing Temperatures ◽

Mandarin Orange

Several microsprinkler treatments were tested on 5-year-old satsuma mandarin orange (Citrus unshiu Marc.) trees to compare survivability of trunks and scaffold limbs in severe freezes. Three damaging freeze events occurred during winter, with two in 1995–96 and one in 1996–97. Air temperature dropped to –9.4, –5.6, and –6.7 °C, respectively. Almost 90% of the foliage was dead on the control plants after the first freezing event and 98% after the second. A single microsprinkler 1.6 m high in the canopy delivering 90.8 L·h–1 reduced injury; only 54% of the canopy was dead after the first freeze and 71% after the second. There was slightly more shoot-tip dieback on the plants in the microsprinkler treatments than on the control plants after the first two freezes. The amount of limb breakage by ice was minor. The third freeze killed 34% of the canopy in the control plants, but only 26% in the plants in the microsprinkler treatments. Use of microsprinklers increased yield in 1996, but yield for all treatments was very low. Yield for all treatments fully recovered in 1997, averaging 153 kg/tree. Although no death of scaffold limbs or trunks occurred, these results demonstrate that microsprinkler irrigation reduces damage to foliage and increases yield somewhat in severe freezes.

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Extraction of Pectin from Satsuma Mandarin Orange Peels by Combining Pressurized Carbon Dioxide and Deionized Water: a Green Chemistry Method

Food and Bioprocess Technology ◽

10.1007/s11947-021-02644-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chiaki Tsuru ◽

Ayana Umada ◽

Seiji Noma ◽

Mikihide Demura ◽

Nobuyuki Hayashi

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Green Chemistry ◽

Deionized Water ◽

Chemistry Method ◽

Orange Peels ◽

Satsuma Mandarin ◽

Mandarin Orange

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Pathogenic Interactions Between Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri and Cultivars of Pummelo (Citrus grandis)

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto.2000.90.12.1383 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 90 (12) ◽

pp. 1383-1389 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

H. Shiotani ◽

K. Ozaki ◽

S. Tsuyumu

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽

Citrus Species ◽

In Planta ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽

Satsuma Mandarin ◽

Reaction Amplification ◽

Dna Fragment ◽

Polymerase Chain

The aggressiveness of strains of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri on seven Citrus species, including Citrus sinensis (navel orange), C. paradisi (grapefruit), C. unshiu (Satsuma mandarin), C. junos (Yuzu), C. aurantifolia (‘Mexican’ lime), C. tachibana (Tachibana), and C. grandis (pummelo: ‘Otachibana’, ‘Banpeiyu’, and ‘Anseikan’), were assessed by comparing lesion expansion and growth in planta, using a prick inoculation method. The existence of two groups distinct in aggressiveness was demonstrated on the pummelo cultivars, whereas the remaining species tested were uniformly susceptible. The two groups of strains were distinct in lesion expansion and growth in planta; however, both caused canker lesions on the ‘Otachibana’ pummelo. The sensitivity of the bacterial strains to phages Cp1 and Cp2 was associated with differences in aggressiveness. Namely, all the strains sensitive to Cp2 but resistant to Cp1 were aggressive to ‘Otachibana’, whereas all the strains sensitive to Cp1 but resistant to Cp2 were weakly aggressive. When a repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction amplification was carried out by enterobacterial repetitive intergeneric consensus (ERIC) sequences (ERIC1R and ERIC2) as the primers, these two groups were also distinguishable by the presence or absence of a 1.8-kb DNA fragment among otherwise identical fragments. The 1.8-kb fragment was amplified only from the strains aggressive to C. grandis.

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