Identification and Characterization of Pathogenic and Endophytic Fungal Species Associated with Pokkah Boeng Disease of Sugarcane

Two Castanea plant species, C. henryi and C. mollissima, are cultivated in China to produce chestnut crops. Leaf spot diseases commonly occur in Castanea plantations, however, little is known about the fungal species associated with chestnut leaf spots. In this study, leaf samples of C. henryi and C. mollissima were collected from Beijing, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces, and leaf-inhabiting fungi were identified based on morphology and phylogeny. As a result, twenty-six fungal species were confirmed, including one new family, one new genus, and five new species. The new taxa are Pyrisporaceae fam. nov., Pyrispora gen. nov., Aureobasidium castaneae sp. nov., Discosia castaneae sp. nov., Monochaetia castaneae sp. nov., Neopestalotiopsis sichuanensis sp. nov. and Pyrispora castaneae sp. nov.

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Identification and Characterization of Ectomycorrhizal Cortinarius Species (Agaricales, Basidiomycetes) from Temperate Kashmir Himalaya, India, by ITS Barcoding

Advances in Molecular Biology ◽

10.1155/2015/507684 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zahoor Ahmad Itoo ◽

Zafar A. Reshi ◽

Qussin Basharat ◽

Sheikh Tahir Majeed ◽

Khurshid Iqbal Andrabi

Keyword(s):

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Coniferous Forests ◽

Kashmir Himalaya ◽

Target Region ◽

Identification Of Species ◽

Identification And Characterization ◽

Morphological And Molecular Characterization

The coniferous forests of Kashmir Himalayas provide a sustainable habitat for wide varieties of ectomycorrhizal fungi. The identification and characterization of many of these fungi however largely involves morphological descriptions of sporocarps alone, thus sometimes raising questions about the authenticity of these studies. The present study was carried out to identify and characterize ectomycorrhizal fungi from the coniferous forests of Kashmir Himalaya using both morphological and molecular methods. Herein we report on the identification and characterization of three potential ectomycorrhizal Cortinarius fungal species, namely, Cortinarius flexipes (Pers. Ex Fr.), Cortinarius fulvoconicus M. M. Moser, and Cortinarius infractus (Pers.) Fr., from Kashmir Himalaya, India, on the basis of their morphological and molecular characterization. Morphological characteristics of all species were measured and compared with standard taxonomic literature. ITS-rDNA (the fungal molecular marker) was used for molecular analysis. The target region of rDNA (ITS1 5.8s ITS2) of these species was amplified using universal fungal primers (ITS1 and ITS4). The sequencing of amplified products and their subsequent blast analysis confirmed the identification of species by comparing the sequences of these species with respective species sequences present in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis also confirmed the identification of species.

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The Architecture of Metabolism Maximizes Biosynthetic Diversity in the Largest Class of Fungi

Molecular Biology and Evolution ◽

10.1093/molbev/msaa122 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 (10) ◽

pp. 2838-2856

Author(s):

Emile Gluck-Thaler ◽

Sajeet Haridas ◽

Manfred Binder ◽

Igor V Grigoriev ◽

Pedro W Crous ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Level ◽

Gene Clusters ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Structural Redundancy ◽

Biosynthetic Gene Clusters ◽

Taxonomic Class ◽

Overlapping Sets ◽

Identification And Characterization ◽

Insight Into

Abstract Ecological diversity in fungi is largely defined by metabolic traits, including the ability to produce secondary or “specialized” metabolites (SMs) that mediate interactions with other organisms. Fungal SM pathways are frequently encoded in biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), which facilitate the identification and characterization of metabolic pathways. Variation in BGC composition reflects the diversity of their SM products. Recent studies have documented surprising diversity of BGC repertoires among isolates of the same fungal species, yet little is known about how this population-level variation is inherited across macroevolutionary timescales. Here, we applied a novel linkage-based algorithm to reveal previously unexplored dimensions of diversity in BGC composition, distribution, and repertoire across 101 species of Dothideomycetes, which are considered the most phylogenetically diverse class of fungi and known to produce many SMs. We predicted both complementary and overlapping sets of clustered genes compared with existing methods and identified novel gene pairs that associate with known secondary metabolite genes. We found that variation among sets of BGCs in individual genomes is due to nonoverlapping BGC combinations and that several BGCs have biased ecological distributions, consistent with niche-specific selection. We observed that total BGC diversity scales linearly with increasing repertoire size, suggesting that secondary metabolites have little structural redundancy in individual fungi. We project that there is substantial unsampled BGC diversity across specific families of Dothideomycetes, which will provide a roadmap for future sampling efforts. Our approach and findings lend new insight into how BGC diversity is generated and maintained across an entire fungal taxonomic class.

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Virome Identification and Characterization of Fusarium sacchari and F. andiyazi: Causative Agents of Pokkah Boeng Disease in Sugarcane

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2020.00240 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Ziting Yao ◽

Chengwu Zou ◽

Na Peng ◽

Yu Zhu ◽

Yixue Bao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pokkah Boeng ◽

Fusarium Sacchari ◽

Causative Agents ◽

Identification And Characterization

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The architecture of metabolism maximizes biosynthetic diversity in the largest class of fungi

10.1101/2020.01.31.928846 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emile Gluck-Thaler ◽

Sajeet Haridas ◽

Manfred Binder ◽

Igor V. Grigoriev ◽

Pedro W. Crous ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Level ◽

Gene Clusters ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Structural Redundancy ◽

Biosynthetic Gene Clusters ◽

Taxonomic Class ◽

Overlapping Sets ◽

Identification And Characterization ◽

Insight Into

Abstract:BackgroundEcological diversity in fungi is largely defined by metabolic traits, including the ability to produce secondary or “specialized” metabolites (SMs) that mediate interactions with other organisms. Fungal SM pathways are frequently encoded in biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), which facilitate the identification and characterization of metabolic pathways. Variation in BGC composition reflects the diversity of their SM products. Recent studies have documented surprising diversity of BGC repertoires among isolates of the same fungal species, yet little is known about how this population-level variation is inherited across macroevolutionary timescales.ResultsHere, we applied a novel linkage-based algorithm to reveal previously unexplored dimensions of diversity in BGC composition, distribution, and repertoire across 101 species of Dothideomycetes, which are considered to be the most phylogenetically diverse class of fungi and are known to produce many SMs. We predicted both complementary and overlapping sets of clustered genes compared with existing methods and identified novel gene pairs that associate with known secondary metabolite genes. We found that variation in BGC repertoires is due to non-overlapping BGC combinations and that several BGCs have biased ecological distributions, consistent with niche-specific selection. We observed that total BGC diversity scales linearly with increasing repertoire size, suggesting that secondary metabolites have little structural redundancy in individual fungi.ConclusionsWe project that there is substantial unsampled BGC diversity across specific families of Dothideomycetes, which will provide a roadmap for future sampling efforts. Our approach and findings lend new insight into how BGC diversity is generated and maintained across an entire fungal taxonomic class.

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