Continuums and Dichotomies in Necessity Entrepreneurship

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Dencker ◽  
Sophie Bacq ◽  
Marc Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Necessity Entrepreneurship

A Note on Necessity Entrepreneurship and Competitive Strategy

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joern Hendrich Block ◽  
Karsten Kohn ◽  
Danny Miller ◽  
Katrin Ullrich
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Strategy ◽  
Necessity Entrepreneurship

scholarly journals Cross-country differences in drivers of female necessity entrepreneurship

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pau Sendra-Pons ◽  
Sara Belarbi-Muñoz ◽  
Dolores Garzón ◽  
Alicia Mas-Tur
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Post Secondary Education ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Necessity Entrepreneurship ◽  
Cross Country

AbstractThis paper analyzes the drivers of female necessity entrepreneurship using a sample of 59 countries, with data sourced from the 2018–2019 global entrepreneurship monitor (GEM). It develops a theoretical framework describing how post-secondary education, startup skills, fear of failure, knowing another entrepreneur, entrepreneurial intentions, and hiring expectations act as drivers of female necessity entrepreneurship. Using qualitative comparative analysis, two models are tested to explain the presence and absence of female necessity entrepreneurship. This outcome is measured using the GEM indicator of total early-stage entrepreneurial activity.

Impact of tolerance for uncertainty upon opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Valdez ◽  
Robert H. Doktor ◽  
Alan E. Singer ◽  
Leo-Paul Dana
Keyword(s):  
Necessity Entrepreneurship

scholarly journals Governance quality, foreign direct investment, and entrepreneurship in emerging markets

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-264
Author(s):  
Nam Hoai Tran ◽  
Chi Dat Le
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Outward Fdi ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Necessity Entrepreneurship ◽  
Governance Quality ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to thoroughly investigate the interplay between institutions, foreign direct investment (FDI) and entrepreneurship in the context of emerging markets (EMs). Design/methodology/approach The authors argue that the impact of FDI on entrepreneurial activity depends on different natures of capital flow and entrepreneurial motivation and relates to the quality of institutional environment. First, the roles of inward and outward FDI are examined in connection with the new firm creation by opportunity- and necessity-motivated entrepreneurs. Second, the integrated influences of (inward/outward) FDI and governance quality (GQ) on (opportunity/necessity) entrepreneurship are tested. This nexus of relationships is analyzed through segmented regressions using the GEM data of 39 EMs over the 2004–2015 period. Findings It is evidenced that the quality of governance infrastructure affects the relationship between FDI and entrepreneurship: in emerging countries with low GQ, opportunity entrepreneurship is stimulated by inward FDI and diminished by outward FDI; and in emerging countries with high GQ, necessity entrepreneurship is discouraged by inward FDI and promoted by outward FDI. Practical implications This research has implications for the institutional context-based execution of public policy in emerging economies. As the entrepreneurial effects of inward and outward FDI are pronounced differently under the two types of entrepreneurship and the two extremes of GQ, public policy makers who recognize the catalytic role of FDI in domestic business development should take the distinct institutional context of their country into consideration. Originality/value The paper contributes to the extant literature on international entrepreneurship in emerging economies by making a breakdown on the roles played by different types of FDI in the entrepreneurial activity, analyzing the mediating effects of GQ on the relationship between inward/outward FDI and entrepreneurship, and interpreting the capital and institutional determinants of entrepreneurship in terms of entrepreneurial motivations by opportunity and necessity.

scholarly journals I Can't Get No Satisfaction-Necessity Entrepreneurship and Procedural Utility

Kyklos ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joern Block ◽  
Philipp Koellinger
Keyword(s):  
Necessity Entrepreneurship

scholarly journals Individual resources, property rights and entrepreneurship in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1502-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreevas Sahasranamam ◽  
G. Venkat Raman
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Constitutional Amendment ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Necessity Entrepreneurship ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Property Rights Protection ◽  
Institutional Contexts

Purpose In the last decade, the Chinese Government enacted two rule-based policy changes related to property rights, namely, a constitutional amendment to protect the lawful rights of the private sector in 2004 and a property rights law in 2007. Using property rights theory, the purpose of this paper is to hypothesize the contingent effect that these property rights changes have on the investment of individual human and financial capital toward entrepreneurship. In addition, this study also explores whether property rights changes have a differential effect on the two forms of entrepreneurship, namely, opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach This research uses logit regression analysis on a two-period model using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) database to test these effects. Findings Contrary to existing evidence from western contexts, this study finds that property rights changes have a significant influence on the investment of both forms of capital toward necessity entrepreneurship in China. Research limitations/implications The use of a secondary database like GEM has certain limitations, such as the non-availability of data on a longitudinal basis, and the need to operationalize certain constructs like social and financial capital as non-continuous variables. Originality/value There has been limited research on the phenomena of necessity entrepreneurship in economies such as that of China. The findings of this study highlight that property rights protection is equally important for necessity entrepreneurship in institutional contexts like China.

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