scholarly journals Relationship between Homesickness and Test Anxiety in Non-Native Students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences International Branch in the Clinical and Physiopathology Course In 2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Saman Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Native Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Reverse Relationship ◽  
Exam Anxiety ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

<p><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> Anxiety is an emotional and physiological response to the internal felling of overall danger that is easily resolved. The aim of this study has been to determine the relationship between exam anxiety and the feeling of homesickness among non-native students.</p><p><strong>METHODOLOGY:</strong> The present study is cross-sectional and the subjects in this study are 80 non-native male and female PhD candidates in clinical and physiopathology majors in 2013 academic year that have been evaluated with the help of Persian homesickness questionnaire and Sarason’s test anxiety questionnaire and the data was analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> With regard to the Pearson’s correlation coefficient there is a significant<strong> </strong>and reverse relationship between the desire to return to home and exam anxiety (r=0.0344, p=0.004) and there is a significant<strong> </strong>and reverse relationship between the Compatibility and exam anxiety (r=0.428, p&lt;0.0001) and there is a significant<strong> </strong>and direct relationship between the feeling of alone and exam anxiety (r=0.888, p&lt;0.0001).<strong></strong></p><p><strong>DISCUSSION &amp; CONCLUSION:</strong> There is a significant relationship between the feeling of homesickness and exam anxiety and the mental health of non-native students will be deteriorated by the feeling of homesickness and anxiety.</p>

scholarly journals The sniffing bead system, an olfactory dysfunction screening tool for geriatric subjects: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Jin Min ◽  
Sun Mi Kim ◽  
Doug Hyun Han ◽  
Kyung Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Phenylethyl Alcohol ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Function Group ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background: This study aimed to develop a simple and one-off olfactory screening test, the sniffing bead system, for general clinical use in older adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, geriatric subjects (aged > 50 years) who underwent neurocognitive and olfactory function tests were included. Overall, 137 subjects were enrolled, and the study was conducted at Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea. Olfactory function was measured by obtaining the scores of the sniffing bead system using 2-phenylethyl alcohol, n-butanol, and the YSK olfactory function test. Time taken for each olfactory function test was also measured. Results: The score of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead test was 2.58 ± 1.52, which was significantly associated with the YSK_threshold (2.41 ± 1.79) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.429), YSK_identification (8.93 ± 3.25) (p = 0.014, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.208) and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (17.46 ± 5.49) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.316) test scores. In the normal cognitive function group, YSK_threshold ( p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.479 ) , YSK_identification ( p = 0.003, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.316 ), and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.429) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. In the impaired cognitive function group, the YSK_threshold (p = 0.002, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.415 ) and YSK_ threshold-discrimination-identification (p = 0.004, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.385 ) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. Time taken for the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system was 5.00 ± 1.51 min, which was significantly lower than that for the YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (20.43 ± 5.29 min) (p < 0.001). The scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system were significantly correlated with those of the n-butanol sniffing bead system (3.50 ± 1.21) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.315). Conclusions: This sniffing bead system was specifically designed for screening olfactory function in older adults, and it may allow for the rapid and accurate assessment of olfactory dysfunction.

scholarly journals The sniffing bead system, an olfactory dysfunction screening tool for geriatric subjects: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Jin Min ◽  
Sun Mi Kim ◽  
Doug Hyun Han ◽  
Kyung Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Phenylethyl Alcohol ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Function Group ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background: This study aimed to develop a simple and one-off olfactory screening test, the sniffing bead system, for general clinical use in older adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, geriatric subjects (aged > 50 years) who underwent neurocognitive and olfactory function tests were included. Overall, 137 subjects were enrolled, and the study was conducted at Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea. Olfactory function was measured by obtaining the scores of the sniffing bead system using 2-phenylethyl alcohol, n-butanol, and the YSK olfactory function test. Time taken for each olfactory function test was also measured.Results: The score of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead test was 2.58 ± 1.52, which was significantly associated with the YSK_threshold (2.41 ± 1.79) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.429), YSK_identification (8.93 ± 3.25) (p = 0.014, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.208) and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (17.46 ± 5.49) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.316) test scores. In the normal cognitive function group, YSK_threshold (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.479), YSK_identification (p = 0.003, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.316), and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.429) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. In the impaired cognitive function group, the YSK_threshold (p = 0.002, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.415) and YSK_ threshold-discrimination-identification (p = 0.004, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.385) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. Time taken for the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system was 5.00 ± 1.51 min, which was significantly lower than that for the YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (20.43 ± 5.29 min) (p < 0.001). The scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system were significantly correlated with those of the n-butanol sniffing bead system (3.50 ± 1.21) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.315). Conclusions: This sniffing bead system was specifically designed for screening olfactory function in older adults, and it may allow for the rapid and accurate assessment of olfactory dysfunction.

scholarly journals Hubungan Intensitas Cahaya dengan Ketajaman Penglihatan Penghuni Panti Asuhan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Andi Sesarina Tenri Ola Sapada ◽  
Suliati P. Amir ◽  
Zulfahmidah Zulfahmidah ◽  
Ratih Natasha Maharani ◽  
Andi Tenri Sanna Arifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Snellen Chart ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Rendahnya intensitas pencahayaan pada panti asuhan di Kota Makassar, yang penghuninya didominasi usia sekolah, dapat mempengaruhi ketajaman penglihatan penghuninya. Hal ini dapat menjadi masalah, karena dapat mengganggu fungsi penglihatan yang dibutuhkan dalam perkembangan anak usia sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara intensitas cahaya pada panti asuhan dengan ketajaman penglihatan, faktor yang terlibat di dalamnya, serta kondisi penerangan dan ketajaman penglihatan penghuni panti asuhan. Metode penelitian menggunakan analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Intensitas cahaya masing-masing sampel diukur menggunakan lux meter, sedangkan ketajaman penglihatan diukur dengan snellen chart. Analisis data menggunakan Pearson’s correlation coefficient test. Jumlah sampel 47 orang yang berasal dari 7 panti asuhan di Kecamatan Manggala Kota Makassar. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa hubungan intensitas cahaya dengan visus terbaik tidak signifikan (p value 0,240) sedangkan hubungan intensitas cahaya dengan visus terburuk signifikan dengan korelasi positif (p value 0,046). Faktor yang turut mempengaruhi adalah lama paparan harian (p value 0,019) serta jarak antara mata dan bacaan (p value 0,047). Intensitas cahaya panti asuhan masih belum memenuhi standar (kurang dari 200-300 lux) dan sebagian besar penghuninya memiliki ketajaman penglihatan menurun (kurang dari 6/6). Berdasarkan data objektif dan hasil analisis, ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara intensitas cahaya panti asuhan dengan ketajaman penglihatan.

scholarly journals The sniffing bead system, an olfactory dysfunction screening tool for geriatric subjects: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Jin Min ◽  
Sun Mi Kim ◽  
Doug Hyun Han ◽  
Kyung Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Phenylethyl Alcohol ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Function Group ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background This study aimed to develop a simple and one-off olfactory screening test, the sniffing bead system, for general clinical use in older adults. Methods In this cross-sectional study, geriatric subjects (aged > 50 years) who underwent neurocognitive and olfactory function tests were included. Overall, 137 subjects were enrolled, and the study was conducted at Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea. Olfactory function was measured by obtaining the scores of the sniffing bead system using 2-phenylethyl alcohol, n-butanol, and the YSK olfactory function test. Time taken for each olfactory function test was also measured. Results The score of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead test was 2.58 ± 1.52, which was significantly associated with the YSK_threshold (2.41 ± 1.79) (p < 0.001, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.429), YSK_identification (8.93 ± 3.25) (p = 0.014, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.208) and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (17.46 ± 5.49) (p < 0.001, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.316) test scores. In the normal cognitive function group, YSK_threshold (p < 0.001, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.479), YSK_identification (p = 0.003, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.316), and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (p < 0.001, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.429) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. In the impaired cognitive function group, the YSK_threshold (p = 0.002, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.415) and YSK_ threshold-discrimination-identification (p = 0.004, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.385) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. Time taken for the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system was 5.00 ± 1.51 min, which was significantly lower than that for the YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (20.43 ± 5.29 min) (p < 0.001). The scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system were significantly correlated with those of the n-butanol sniffing bead system (3.50 ± 1.21) (p < 0.001, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.315). Conclusions This sniffing bead system was specifically designed for screening olfactory function in older adults, and it may allow for the rapid and accurate assessment of olfactory dysfunction.

Switching from morphine to oral methadone in treating cancer pain: what is the equianalgesic dose ratio?

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 3216-3221 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Ripamonti ◽  
L Groff ◽  
C Brunelli ◽  
D Polastri ◽  
A Stavrakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Dose Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Methadone Dose ◽  
Morphine Dose ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Oral Methadone ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

PURPOSE To define the dose ratio between morphine and methadone in relation to the previous morphine dose and the number of days needed to achieve the same level of analgesia in a group of patients with advanced cancer with pain who switched from morphine to oral methadone. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional prospective study of 38 consecutive cancer patients who switched from morphine to oral methadone was performed. The intensity of pain before, during, and after the switching period was assessed through a four-point verbal Likert scale. The relationship between previous morphine dose and the final equianalgesic methadone dose, dose ratio between morphine and methadone, and the number of days required to achieve equianalgesia have been examined by means of Pearson's correlation coefficient, scatter plots, and Cuzick's test for trend respectively. RESULTS Before the switch, the median oral equivalent daily dose of morphine was 145 mg/d; after the switch, the median equianalgesic oral methadone dose was 21 mg/d. A median time of 3 days (range, 1 to 7 days) was necessary to achieve the equianalgesia with oral methadone; the lower the preswitching morphine dose, the fewer days necessary to achieve equianalgesia with oral methadone (P < .001). Dose ratios ranged from 2.5:1 to 14.3:1 (median, 7.75:1), which indicated that, in most cases, the dose ratio was much higher than that suggested by the published equianalgesic tables. A strong linear positive relationship between morphine and methadone equianalgesic doses was obtained (Pearson's correlation coefficient, 0.91). The dose ratio increased with the increase of the previous morphine dose with a much higher increase at low morphine doses. CONCLUSION The results of our study confirm that methadone is a potent opioid, more potent than believed. Caution is recommended when switching from any opioid to methadone, especially in patients who are tolerant to high doses of opioids.

scholarly journals Evaluating Knowledge, Awareness and Behaviour Among Dental Interns Regarding Ergonomics in Dentistry: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. OR1-OR4
Author(s):  
Rebecca Andrew ◽  
Sonia Narang ◽  
Srishti Aggarwal ◽  
Thongam S.
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

INTRODUCTION: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the main reasons that force dentists to retire early from their practice. AIM: To assess the knowledge, awareness and behaviour among dental Interns in central and southern India regarding Ergonomics in DentistryMATERIALS AND METHOD: This cross-sectional study collected data using a questionnaire (pre-tested and pre-validated) amongst dental interns studying in various dental colleges in and around Central India. Participation in the study was voluntary and the questionnaire was divided into 4 sections with a total of 22 close ended questions. Data was anlayzed using SPSS version 21.0; descriptive statistics were applied followed by the unpaired samples t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS: The study consisted of 800 dentists, with most having fair knowledge (50.1%) and awareness (49.7%) regarding proper ergonomic posture (knowledge scores showed a significant statistical association). Most interns reported that they sometimes (41.5%) practiced dentistry ergonomically, while only 5.5% reported doing it always (significant difference, p=0.01*). A positive, linear, great strength of association (r: +0.7) and a significant relationship (p = 0.04) was found between knowledge and awareness scores using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. CONCLUSION: Dental awareness programmes are advised to educate dentists about the impending threat of MSDs if dentistry is not practiced ergonomically.

scholarly journals The sniffing bead system, an olfactory dysfunction screening tool for geriatric subjects: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Jin Min ◽  
Sun Mi Kim ◽  
Doug Hyun Han ◽  
Kyung Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Phenylethyl Alcohol ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Function Group ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background: This study aimed to develop a simple and one-off olfactory screening test, the sniffing bead system, for general clinical use in older adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, geriatric subjects (aged > 50 years) who underwent neurocognitive and olfactory function tests were included. Overall, 137 subjects were enrolled, and the study was conducted at Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea. Olfactory function was measured by obtaining the scores of the sniffing bead system using 2-phenylethyl alcohol, n-butanol, and the YSK olfactory function test. Time taken for each olfactory function test was also measured.Results: The score of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead test was 2.58 ± 1.52, which was significantly associated with the YSK_threshold (2.41 ± 1.79) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.429), YSK_identification (8.93 ± 3.25) (p = 0.014, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.208) and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (17.46 ± 5.49) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.316) test scores. In the normal cognitive function group, YSK_threshold (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.479), YSK_identification (p = 0.003, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.316), and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.429) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. In the impaired cognitive function group, the YSK_threshold (p = 0.002, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.415) and YSK_ threshold-discrimination-identification (p = 0.004, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.385) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. Time taken for the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system was 5.00 ± 1.51 min, which was significantly lower than that for the YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (20.43 ± 5.29 min) (p < 0.001). The scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system were significantly correlated with those of the n-butanol sniffing bead system (3.50 ± 1.21) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.315). Conclusions: This sniffing bead system was specifically designed for screening olfactory function in older adults, and it may allow for the rapid and accurate assessment of olfactory dysfunction.

scholarly journals Case Study of Anaerobic Digestion Process Stability Detected by Dissolved Hydrogen Concentration

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Daniela Platošová ◽  
Jiří Rusín ◽  
Jan Platoš ◽  
Kateřina Smutná ◽  
Roman Buryjan
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Hydrogen Concentration ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Short Service Life ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Dissolved Hydrogen ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

The paper presents the results of a laboratory experiment of mesophilic single-stage anaerobic digestion performed to verify the possibility of early detection of process instability and reactor overload by evaluating the course of dissolved hydrogen concentration of the main intermediate. The digestion process was run in a Terrafors IS rotary drum bioreactor for 230 days. The substrate dosed on weekdays was food leftovers from the university canteen. At an average temperature of 37 °C, an organic loading of volatiles of 0.858 kg m−3 day−1 and a theoretical retention time of 259 days, biogas production of 0.617 Nm3 kg VS−1 was achieved with a CH4 content of 51.7 vol. %. The values of the established FOS/TAC stability indicator ranged from 0.26 to 11.4. The highest value was reached when the reactor was overloaded. The dissolved hydrogen concentration measured by the amperometric microsensor ranged from 0.039–0.425 mg dm−3. Data were statistically processed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The correlation of the hydrogen concentration with other parameters such as the concentration of organic acids was evaluated. The value of Pearson’s correlation coefficient was 0.331 and corresponded to a p-value of 0. The results confirmed a very low limit of the hydrogen concentration at which the microbial culture, especially methanogens, was already overloaded. The amperometric microsensor proved to be rather unsuitable for operational applications due to insufficient sensitivity and short service life. The newly designed ratio of dissolved hydrogen concentration to neutralizing capacity was tested but did not work significantly better than the established FOS/TAC stability indicator.

Italian version of the cornell musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaire (CMDQ-I): Translation, cultural adaptation and validation

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
F. Magnifica ◽  
F. Colagrossi ◽  
A. Aloisi ◽  
S. Politi ◽  
A. Peretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Italian Version ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Musculoskeletal Discomfort ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

BACKGROUND: Almost 25%of workers in the European Union suffer from back pain, and 23%complain of muscle pain. Sixty-two percent of workers carry out repetitive operations with their hands or arms, 46%work in painful or tired positions and 35%carry or handle loads. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt and validate the Italian version of the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ-I). METHODS: Translation and cultural adaptation procedures followed international guidelines. Participants were recruited from among the personnel components of the Italian Air Force, who were between 18 and 65 years old. Cronbach’s alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated to assess internal consistency and stability, respectively. The CDMQ-I was administered together with the Visual Analogic Scale (VAS), and the validity was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. RESULTS: All CDMQ-I items were either identical or similar in meaning to the original version’s items. The scale was administered twice with a retest after seven to 10 days to 66 participants. Cronbach’s alpha was higher than 0.761, and the ICC ranged between 0.737 and 0.952. Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed positive and significant correlations (p >  0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The study produced an Italian version of the CMDQ with good reliability and validity. This scale is a useful tool to investigate the frequency and intensity of musculoskeletal disorders in various categories of workers.

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