scholarly journals Hubungan Intensitas Cahaya dengan Ketajaman Penglihatan Penghuni Panti Asuhan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Andi Sesarina Tenri Ola Sapada ◽  
Suliati P. Amir ◽  
Zulfahmidah Zulfahmidah ◽  
Ratih Natasha Maharani ◽  
Andi Tenri Sanna Arifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Snellen Chart ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Rendahnya intensitas pencahayaan pada panti asuhan di Kota Makassar, yang penghuninya didominasi usia sekolah, dapat mempengaruhi ketajaman penglihatan penghuninya. Hal ini dapat menjadi masalah, karena dapat mengganggu fungsi penglihatan yang dibutuhkan dalam perkembangan anak usia sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara intensitas cahaya pada panti asuhan dengan ketajaman penglihatan, faktor yang terlibat di dalamnya, serta kondisi penerangan dan ketajaman penglihatan penghuni panti asuhan. Metode penelitian menggunakan analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Intensitas cahaya masing-masing sampel diukur menggunakan lux meter, sedangkan ketajaman penglihatan diukur dengan snellen chart. Analisis data menggunakan Pearson’s correlation coefficient test. Jumlah sampel 47 orang yang berasal dari 7 panti asuhan di Kecamatan Manggala Kota Makassar. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa hubungan intensitas cahaya dengan visus terbaik tidak signifikan (p value 0,240) sedangkan hubungan intensitas cahaya dengan visus terburuk signifikan dengan korelasi positif (p value 0,046). Faktor yang turut mempengaruhi adalah lama paparan harian (p value 0,019) serta jarak antara mata dan bacaan (p value 0,047). Intensitas cahaya panti asuhan masih belum memenuhi standar (kurang dari 200-300 lux) dan sebagian besar penghuninya memiliki ketajaman penglihatan menurun (kurang dari 6/6). Berdasarkan data objektif dan hasil analisis, ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara intensitas cahaya panti asuhan dengan ketajaman penglihatan.

scholarly journals The sniffing bead system, an olfactory dysfunction screening tool for geriatric subjects: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Jin Min ◽  
Sun Mi Kim ◽  
Doug Hyun Han ◽  
Kyung Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Phenylethyl Alcohol ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Function Group ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background: This study aimed to develop a simple and one-off olfactory screening test, the sniffing bead system, for general clinical use in older adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, geriatric subjects (aged > 50 years) who underwent neurocognitive and olfactory function tests were included. Overall, 137 subjects were enrolled, and the study was conducted at Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea. Olfactory function was measured by obtaining the scores of the sniffing bead system using 2-phenylethyl alcohol, n-butanol, and the YSK olfactory function test. Time taken for each olfactory function test was also measured. Results: The score of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead test was 2.58 ± 1.52, which was significantly associated with the YSK_threshold (2.41 ± 1.79) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.429), YSK_identification (8.93 ± 3.25) (p = 0.014, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.208) and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (17.46 ± 5.49) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.316) test scores. In the normal cognitive function group, YSK_threshold ( p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.479 ) , YSK_identification ( p = 0.003, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.316 ), and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.429) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. In the impaired cognitive function group, the YSK_threshold (p = 0.002, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.415 ) and YSK_ threshold-discrimination-identification (p = 0.004, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.385 ) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. Time taken for the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system was 5.00 ± 1.51 min, which was significantly lower than that for the YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (20.43 ± 5.29 min) (p < 0.001). The scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system were significantly correlated with those of the n-butanol sniffing bead system (3.50 ± 1.21) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.315). Conclusions: This sniffing bead system was specifically designed for screening olfactory function in older adults, and it may allow for the rapid and accurate assessment of olfactory dysfunction.

scholarly journals The sniffing bead system, an olfactory dysfunction screening tool for geriatric subjects: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Jin Min ◽  
Sun Mi Kim ◽  
Doug Hyun Han ◽  
Kyung Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Phenylethyl Alcohol ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Function Group ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background: This study aimed to develop a simple and one-off olfactory screening test, the sniffing bead system, for general clinical use in older adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, geriatric subjects (aged > 50 years) who underwent neurocognitive and olfactory function tests were included. Overall, 137 subjects were enrolled, and the study was conducted at Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea. Olfactory function was measured by obtaining the scores of the sniffing bead system using 2-phenylethyl alcohol, n-butanol, and the YSK olfactory function test. Time taken for each olfactory function test was also measured.Results: The score of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead test was 2.58 ± 1.52, which was significantly associated with the YSK_threshold (2.41 ± 1.79) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.429), YSK_identification (8.93 ± 3.25) (p = 0.014, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.208) and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (17.46 ± 5.49) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.316) test scores. In the normal cognitive function group, YSK_threshold (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.479), YSK_identification (p = 0.003, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.316), and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.429) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. In the impaired cognitive function group, the YSK_threshold (p = 0.002, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.415) and YSK_ threshold-discrimination-identification (p = 0.004, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.385) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. Time taken for the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system was 5.00 ± 1.51 min, which was significantly lower than that for the YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (20.43 ± 5.29 min) (p < 0.001). The scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system were significantly correlated with those of the n-butanol sniffing bead system (3.50 ± 1.21) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.315). Conclusions: This sniffing bead system was specifically designed for screening olfactory function in older adults, and it may allow for the rapid and accurate assessment of olfactory dysfunction.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF CORRELATION BETWEEN STATURE AND ARM SPAN OF NORTH INDIAN POPULATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberton Gautam ◽  
Vasundhara Kulshreshtha ◽  
Pradeep Singh ◽  
Anshu Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
North India ◽  
P Value ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Introduction: Age, sex and stature are primary characteristics for identification of an individual. Stature has a definite and proportional biological relationship with each and every part of human body i.e. head, neck, trunk and extremities. Material & Methods: The present study comprised of 300 medical students belonging to North India of age group between 18 yrs. to 25 yrs. of S.N. Medical College, Agra. The two anthropometric parameters, arm span and stature were used to calculate mean, standard deviation and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was found to be 0.9171 and p value was calculated to be <0.00001 thus, showing a significant positive correlation between the stature and arm span for the North Indian population. Conclusion: The correlation between arm span and the stature in adult males and females, was found to be an accurate predictor of stature. Thus it becomes an important anthropologic tool for the scientists in limb reconstruction surgeries. In mass disasters like train accidents, earthquakes, etc. and where the subject is in highly decomposed, fragmentary and mutilated form, it can be helpful in determining the identity of an individual.

scholarly journals Relationship between Homesickness and Test Anxiety in Non-Native Students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences International Branch in the Clinical and Physiopathology Course In 2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Saman Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Native Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Reverse Relationship ◽  
Exam Anxiety ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

<p><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> Anxiety is an emotional and physiological response to the internal felling of overall danger that is easily resolved. The aim of this study has been to determine the relationship between exam anxiety and the feeling of homesickness among non-native students.</p><p><strong>METHODOLOGY:</strong> The present study is cross-sectional and the subjects in this study are 80 non-native male and female PhD candidates in clinical and physiopathology majors in 2013 academic year that have been evaluated with the help of Persian homesickness questionnaire and Sarason’s test anxiety questionnaire and the data was analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> With regard to the Pearson’s correlation coefficient there is a significant<strong> </strong>and reverse relationship between the desire to return to home and exam anxiety (r=0.0344, p=0.004) and there is a significant<strong> </strong>and reverse relationship between the Compatibility and exam anxiety (r=0.428, p&lt;0.0001) and there is a significant<strong> </strong>and direct relationship between the feeling of alone and exam anxiety (r=0.888, p&lt;0.0001).<strong></strong></p><p><strong>DISCUSSION &amp; CONCLUSION:</strong> There is a significant relationship between the feeling of homesickness and exam anxiety and the mental health of non-native students will be deteriorated by the feeling of homesickness and anxiety.</p>

scholarly journals The sniffing bead system, an olfactory dysfunction screening tool for geriatric subjects: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Jin Min ◽  
Sun Mi Kim ◽  
Doug Hyun Han ◽  
Kyung Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Phenylethyl Alcohol ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Function Group ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background This study aimed to develop a simple and one-off olfactory screening test, the sniffing bead system, for general clinical use in older adults. Methods In this cross-sectional study, geriatric subjects (aged > 50 years) who underwent neurocognitive and olfactory function tests were included. Overall, 137 subjects were enrolled, and the study was conducted at Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea. Olfactory function was measured by obtaining the scores of the sniffing bead system using 2-phenylethyl alcohol, n-butanol, and the YSK olfactory function test. Time taken for each olfactory function test was also measured. Results The score of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead test was 2.58 ± 1.52, which was significantly associated with the YSK_threshold (2.41 ± 1.79) (p < 0.001, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.429), YSK_identification (8.93 ± 3.25) (p = 0.014, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.208) and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (17.46 ± 5.49) (p < 0.001, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.316) test scores. In the normal cognitive function group, YSK_threshold (p < 0.001, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.479), YSK_identification (p = 0.003, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.316), and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (p < 0.001, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.429) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. In the impaired cognitive function group, the YSK_threshold (p = 0.002, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.415) and YSK_ threshold-discrimination-identification (p = 0.004, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.385) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. Time taken for the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system was 5.00 ± 1.51 min, which was significantly lower than that for the YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (20.43 ± 5.29 min) (p < 0.001). The scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system were significantly correlated with those of the n-butanol sniffing bead system (3.50 ± 1.21) (p < 0.001, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.315). Conclusions This sniffing bead system was specifically designed for screening olfactory function in older adults, and it may allow for the rapid and accurate assessment of olfactory dysfunction.

scholarly journals Vertical Proportion of Face in Bangladeshi Young Adult

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Sheikh ◽  
MZ Hossain ◽  
F Jolly
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Introduction: Anthropometry is applied to obtain measurements of living subjects for identifying age, stature and various dimensions related to particular race or an individual. Balance in physical proportions is one the most important criteria for ideal esthetics. There are various facial heights like upper facial height (UFH), middle facial height (MFH) and lower facial height (LFH). Facial features including proportionate facial height   play a vital role in esthetics.Objectives: To evaluate the correlation among the various facial heights (UFH, MFH and LFH), the validity of vertical balance of face(upper facial height, middle facial height and lower facial height are equal) and variations in Bangladeshi adults.Materials and method: The study was a descriptive observational cross sectional study with 500 participants by convenient sampling aged 18-25 years of equal sex distribution. Each participant was made to sit on a wooden chair. The anthropometric landmarks the trichion (tri), glabella (g), subnasale (sn) and gnathion (gn), were marked on the participant’s face with a dermographic pen. With the help of a digital vernier sliding calipers, the measurements were taken in millimeters and the participant was in centric relation when measuring the facial height. Chi square test was done for gender significance. Paired “T’’ and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test were used for individual for combination of TBH to UFH, MFH and LFH to find out correlation among them. The criteria for statistical significance were set at p< 0.05 and CI 95%.Results: In males TFH, LFH, MFH & UFH were 193.2 ± 9.5 mm, 69.6 ± 3.5 mm, 66.8 ± 3.0 mm, 61.6 ± 6.2 mm  whereas in females 180.1 ±  7.9 mm, 62.7 ±  3.0 mm, 61.7 ± 2.4 mm, 55.8 ± 5.2 mm respectively. Chi square test denoted statistical significance revealing a “p” value of 0.0001 for gender significance.  Paired “T’’ was used for individual intervals for combination of TFH to  UFH, MFH & LFH and statistical significance was observed in combination of TFH to LFH,MFH &UFH with a “p” value of 0.0001 & 95 % CI. Moderate to strong statistical significant correlation was found TFH, LFH, MFH& UFH except in UFH for both males in Pearson’s correlation coefficient test.Conclusions: Our study doesn’t match the facial proportions based on artistic norms, which is being practiced in clinical orthodontics till today. Lower facial height is usually a little greater than middle facial height which is in turn greater than upper facial heightBan J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2014; Vol-4 (1-2), P. 1-7

Switching from morphine to oral methadone in treating cancer pain: what is the equianalgesic dose ratio?

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 3216-3221 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Ripamonti ◽  
L Groff ◽  
C Brunelli ◽  
D Polastri ◽  
A Stavrakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Dose Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Methadone Dose ◽  
Morphine Dose ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Oral Methadone ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

PURPOSE To define the dose ratio between morphine and methadone in relation to the previous morphine dose and the number of days needed to achieve the same level of analgesia in a group of patients with advanced cancer with pain who switched from morphine to oral methadone. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional prospective study of 38 consecutive cancer patients who switched from morphine to oral methadone was performed. The intensity of pain before, during, and after the switching period was assessed through a four-point verbal Likert scale. The relationship between previous morphine dose and the final equianalgesic methadone dose, dose ratio between morphine and methadone, and the number of days required to achieve equianalgesia have been examined by means of Pearson's correlation coefficient, scatter plots, and Cuzick's test for trend respectively. RESULTS Before the switch, the median oral equivalent daily dose of morphine was 145 mg/d; after the switch, the median equianalgesic oral methadone dose was 21 mg/d. A median time of 3 days (range, 1 to 7 days) was necessary to achieve the equianalgesia with oral methadone; the lower the preswitching morphine dose, the fewer days necessary to achieve equianalgesia with oral methadone (P < .001). Dose ratios ranged from 2.5:1 to 14.3:1 (median, 7.75:1), which indicated that, in most cases, the dose ratio was much higher than that suggested by the published equianalgesic tables. A strong linear positive relationship between morphine and methadone equianalgesic doses was obtained (Pearson's correlation coefficient, 0.91). The dose ratio increased with the increase of the previous morphine dose with a much higher increase at low morphine doses. CONCLUSION The results of our study confirm that methadone is a potent opioid, more potent than believed. Caution is recommended when switching from any opioid to methadone, especially in patients who are tolerant to high doses of opioids.

scholarly journals Evaluating Knowledge, Awareness and Behaviour Among Dental Interns Regarding Ergonomics in Dentistry: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. OR1-OR4
Author(s):  
Rebecca Andrew ◽  
Sonia Narang ◽  
Srishti Aggarwal ◽  
Thongam S.
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

INTRODUCTION: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the main reasons that force dentists to retire early from their practice. AIM: To assess the knowledge, awareness and behaviour among dental Interns in central and southern India regarding Ergonomics in DentistryMATERIALS AND METHOD: This cross-sectional study collected data using a questionnaire (pre-tested and pre-validated) amongst dental interns studying in various dental colleges in and around Central India. Participation in the study was voluntary and the questionnaire was divided into 4 sections with a total of 22 close ended questions. Data was anlayzed using SPSS version 21.0; descriptive statistics were applied followed by the unpaired samples t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS: The study consisted of 800 dentists, with most having fair knowledge (50.1%) and awareness (49.7%) regarding proper ergonomic posture (knowledge scores showed a significant statistical association). Most interns reported that they sometimes (41.5%) practiced dentistry ergonomically, while only 5.5% reported doing it always (significant difference, p=0.01*). A positive, linear, great strength of association (r: +0.7) and a significant relationship (p = 0.04) was found between knowledge and awareness scores using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. CONCLUSION: Dental awareness programmes are advised to educate dentists about the impending threat of MSDs if dentistry is not practiced ergonomically.

scholarly journals The sniffing bead system, an olfactory dysfunction screening tool for geriatric subjects: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Jin Min ◽  
Sun Mi Kim ◽  
Doug Hyun Han ◽  
Kyung Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Phenylethyl Alcohol ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Function Group ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background: This study aimed to develop a simple and one-off olfactory screening test, the sniffing bead system, for general clinical use in older adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, geriatric subjects (aged > 50 years) who underwent neurocognitive and olfactory function tests were included. Overall, 137 subjects were enrolled, and the study was conducted at Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea. Olfactory function was measured by obtaining the scores of the sniffing bead system using 2-phenylethyl alcohol, n-butanol, and the YSK olfactory function test. Time taken for each olfactory function test was also measured.Results: The score of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead test was 2.58 ± 1.52, which was significantly associated with the YSK_threshold (2.41 ± 1.79) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.429), YSK_identification (8.93 ± 3.25) (p = 0.014, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.208) and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (17.46 ± 5.49) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.316) test scores. In the normal cognitive function group, YSK_threshold (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.479), YSK_identification (p = 0.003, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.316), and YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.429) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. In the impaired cognitive function group, the YSK_threshold (p = 0.002, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.415) and YSK_ threshold-discrimination-identification (p = 0.004, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.385) were significantly correlated with the scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system. Time taken for the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system was 5.00 ± 1.51 min, which was significantly lower than that for the YSK_threshold-discrimination-identification (20.43 ± 5.29 min) (p < 0.001). The scores of the 2-phenylethyl alcohol sniffing bead system were significantly correlated with those of the n-butanol sniffing bead system (3.50 ± 1.21) (p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.315). Conclusions: This sniffing bead system was specifically designed for screening olfactory function in older adults, and it may allow for the rapid and accurate assessment of olfactory dysfunction.

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