scholarly journals Allelopathic interactions between the red-tide causative dinoflagellate Prorocentrum donghaiense and the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum**This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China-Guangdong Province Joint Key Project (U1133003) Science Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2012B020307009) Open Fund from Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Open Fund from Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection Preservation Ministry of Agriculture.

Oceanologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoping Cai ◽  
Honghui Zhu ◽  
Shunshan Duan
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Technology Planning ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Planning Project ◽  
Microbial Resources ◽  
Open Fund ◽  
Allelopathic Interactions

scholarly journals Tracing the sources of nutrients fueling dinoflagellate red tides occurring along the coast of Korea using radium isotopes

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeong Kyu Kwon ◽  
Guebuem Kim ◽  
Yongjin Han ◽  
Junhyeong Seo ◽  
Weol Ae Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Red Tides ◽  
Radium Isotopes ◽  
Nutrient Sources

Abstract It is a well held concept that the magnitude of red-tide occurrence is dependent on the amount of nutrient supply if the conditions are same for temperature, salinity, light, interspecific competition, etc. However, nutrient sources fueling dinoflagellate red-tides are difficult to identify since red tides usually occur under very low inorganic-nutrient conditions. In this study, we used short-lived Ra isotopes (223Ra and 224Ra) to trace the nutrient sources fueling initiation and spread of Cochlodinium polykrikoides blooms along the coast of Korea during the summers of 2014, 2016, and 2017. Horizontal and vertical distributions of nutrient concentrations correlated well with 224Ra activities in nutrient-source waters. The offshore red-tide areas showed high 224Ra activities and low-inorganic and high-organic nutrient concentrations, which are favorable for blooming C. polykrikoides in competition with diatoms. Based on Ra isotopes, the nutrients fueling red-tide initiation (southern coast of Korea) are found to be transported horizontally from inner-shore waters. However, the nutrients in the spread region (eastern coast of Korea), approximately 200 km from the initiation region, are supplied continuously from the subsurface layer by vertical mixing or upwelling. Our study highlights that short-lived Ra isotopes are excellent tracers of nutrients fueling harmful algal blooms in coastal waters.

scholarly journals Harmful algal blooms and red tide problems on the U.S. west coast

1997 ◽  
Vol 42 (5part2) ◽  
pp. 1076-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita A. Horner ◽  
David L. Garrison ◽  
F. Gerald Plumley
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Action Plan for Monitoring, Mitigation and Management of Harmful Algal Blooms in the Coastal Waters of Oman

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
A.Y.A AlKindi ◽  
H.M.H. Al-Ghelani ◽  
S. Amer ◽  
Y.K Al-Akhzami
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Rapid Response System ◽  
Gulf Of Oman ◽  
Trichodesmium Erythraeum ◽  
Response System ◽  
Adverse Impacts

The Gulf of Oman, an ecologically and economically rich ecosystem, is frequently impacted by occurrences of harmful algal blooms. Recent studies indicate an increase in the number of causative species and harmful impacts. Many red tide incidents in Oman have been found leading to hypoxia. The frequent bloom forming species here are Karenia selliformis, Nitzschia pungens, Prorocentrum arabianum and Trichodesmium erythraeum. We review work carried out in this area, and we propose here a Management Action Plan for not only an effective monitoring system for harmful algal blooms (HABs), but also mitigation of their adverse impacts and rapid response system.   

scholarly journals Fish Kill Incidents and Harmful Algal Blooms in Omani Waters

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Mohammed Al Gheilani ◽  
Kazumi Matsuoka ◽  
Abdulaziz Yahya AlKindi ◽  
Shehla Amer ◽  
Colin Waring
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Red Tides ◽  
Fish Kill ◽  
Noctiluca Scintillans ◽  
Trichodesmium Erythraeum ◽  
Toxic Species ◽  
Desalination Plants

Red tide, one of the harmful algal blooms (HABs) is a natural ecological phenomenon and often this event is accompanied by severe impacts on coastal resources, local economies, and public health. The occurrence of red tides has become more frequent in Omani waters in recent years. Some of them caused fish kill, damaged fishery resources and mariculture, threatened the marine environment and the osmosis membranes of desalination plants. However, a number of them have been harmless. The most common dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans is associated with the red tide events in Omani waters. Toxic species like Karenia selliformis, Prorocentrum arabianum, and Trichodesmium erythraeum have also been reported recently. Although red tides in Oman have been considered a consequence of upwelling in the summer season (May to September), recent phytoplankton outbreaks in Oman are not restricted to summer. Frequent algal blooms have been reported during winter (December to March). HABs may have contributed to hypoxia and/or other negative ecological impacts. 

Preliminary Development of a Competitive Fluorescent Quantum Dot-Based Immunochromatographic Test Strip for Sensitive Saxitoxin Detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 459-463
Author(s):  
John G. Bruno ◽  
Jeremy John
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Test Strip ◽  
Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning ◽  
Shellfish Poisoning ◽  
Band Shift ◽  
Portable Detection

Rapid and portable detection of saxitoxin (STX) and its many congeners is highly desirable to prevent paralytic shellfish poisoning due to red tide or harmful algal blooms. In this work, we describe successful preliminary efforts to develop a very sensitive general STX family test strip employing highly fluorescent red quantum dots (Qdot 655) to detect as little as 0.5 to 1 part per billion (ppb or ng/ml) of STX with a dynamic range extending to 20,000 ppb after the prototype dipstick assay was optimized. A competitive format was necessitated by the small molecule nature of STXs having only one epitope, but the decrease in Qdot fluorescence was clearly visible to the naked eye as a function of increasing STX concentration in aqueous buffer. The competitive displacement assay format required conjugation of a primary amine in STX to carboxyl-Qdot 655 via a covalent carbodiimide coupling reaction which was validated by an electrophoretic mobility band shift assay.

Biomolecular Characteristics of Specific Regulartory T Cells of Graft-Versus-Disease Based on T-Cell Receptor Analysis,

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 4067-4067
Author(s):  
Xiuli Wu ◽  
Qifa Liu ◽  
Yangqiu Li ◽  
Li Xuan ◽  
Zhiping Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Pattern ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Technology Planning ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Planning Project ◽  
Tcr Repertoire

Abstract Abstract 4067 Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an important therapetic option for a number of malignant and refractory haematological diseases. Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is the main complications following allo-HSCT. Recent data indicated that regulartory T (Treg) cells might participate in mediating GVHD and graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect after allo-HSCT. However, the distribution and clonality of T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of specific Treg cells in GVHD remains unclear. To further characterize this feature, we analyzed the distribution and clonality of TCR repertoire of Treg cells at GVHD onset to further understand the biological characteristics of specific Treg cells subsets of GVHD. The complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) sizes of TCR repertoire (TCR Vα, Vβ, Vδ and Vγ subfamilies) were analyzed in the Treg cells of recipients at GVHD onset, using RT-PCR and genescan technique. To determine the expression levels and expression pattern of TCR Vγ I-III subfamily genes, the expression levels and expression pattern of CD3 γ, δ, ε, ζ genes, and the expression levels of regulatory genes of Treg cells (FOXP3 and GATA-3 genes), we performed quantitative analysis by real-time PCR. The frequency of TCR Vβ subfamilies of Treg cells at GVHD onset was significant lower than that in the Treg cells without GVHD. Oligoclonality were detected in TCR Vα 15, Vα 23, Vβ 14 and Vδ 3 subfamilies of the Treg cells from GVHD patients, and oligoclonality were detected in TCR Vα 4, Vα 21, Vβ 16 and Vβ 19 subfamilies of the Treg cells from patients without GVHD. The TCR Vγ I-III subfamilies expression levels in Treg cells were decreased significantly after allo-HSCT. The expression pattern of TCR Vγ subfamilies of Treg cells at GVHD onset was TCR Vγ III>TCR Vγ I>TCR Vγ II, and different with the expression pattern of Treg cells without GVHD (TCR Vγ I>TCR Vγ II>TCR Vγ III). The expression pattern of CD3 γ, δ, ε, ζ genes of Treg cells at GVHD onset was also changed, and GVHD might mainly influence the expression levels of CD3 δ and CD3 ε genes of Treg cells. The expression levels of GATA-3 gene had a positive correlation with the expression levels of FOXP3 gene in Treg cells with GVHD. The expression levels of GATA-3 gene in Treg cells at GVHD onset were significant higher than that in the Treg cells without GVHD, but the expression levels of FOXP3 gene in Treg cells at GVHD onset were significant lower than that in the Treg cells without GVHD. In conclusion, oligoclonality of TCR Vα 15, Vα 23, Vβ 14 and Vδ 3 subfamilies of Treg cells might related with GVHD. The expression pattern of high TCR Vγ III gene expression and low TCR Vγ II gene expression in Treg cells might correlate with GVHD. GVHD might mainly influence the expression levels of CD3 δ and CD3 ε genes in TCR signal transduction of Treg cells. The high expression levels of GATA-3 gene in Treg cells might play a role in mediating GVHD, and GATA-3 could be a novel treatment target of GVHD immunotherapy. Disclosures: Wu: Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (No.10451051501005778), Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province of China (No.2009A030200007) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.200902332, No.20080440776): Research Funding. Liu:Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (No.10451051501005778), Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province of China (No.2009A030200007) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.200902332, No.20080440776): Research Funding.

scholarly journals A Novel Cyclophilin B Gene in the Red Tide DinoflagellateCochlodinium polykrikoides: Molecular Characterizations and Transcriptional Responses to Environmental Stresses

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Abassi ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Bum Soo Park ◽  
Jong-Woo Park ◽  
Jang-Seu Ki
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Splice Leader ◽  
Cyclophilin B ◽  
Cell Counts

The marine dinoflagellateCochlodinium polykrikoidesis one of the most common ichthyotoxic species that causes harmful algal blooms (HABs), which leads to ecological damage and huge economic loss in aquaculture industries. Cyclophilins (CYPs) belong to the immunophilin superfamily, and they may play a role in the survival mechanisms of the dinoflagellate in stress environments. In the present study, we identified a novel cyclophilin gene fromC. polykrikoidesand examined physiological and gene transcriptional responses to biocides copper sulphate (CuSO4) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). The full length ofCpCYPwas 903 bp, ranging from the dinoflagellate splice leader (DinoSL) sequence to the polyA tail, comprising a 639 bp ORF, a 117 bp 5′-UTR, and a 147 bp 3′-UTR. Motif and phylogenetic comparisons showed that CpCYP was affiliated to group B of CYP. In biocide stressors, cell counts, chlorophylla, and photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) ofC. polykrikoideswere considerably decreased in both exposure time- and dose-dependent manners. In addition,CpCYPgene expression was significantly induced after 24 h exposure to the biocide-treated stress conditions. These results indicate an effect of the biocides on the cell physiology and expression profile ofCpCYP, suggesting that the gene may play a role in environmental stress responses.

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