scholarly journals Interval Estimation for Operating Characteristic Of Continuous Biomarkers With Controlled Sensitivity or Specificity

2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijian Huang ◽  
Isaac Parakati ◽  
Dattatraya H. Patil ◽  
Martin G. Sanda
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Interval Estimation

The Youden Index in the Generalized Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve Context

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Martínez-Camblor ◽  
Juan Carlos Pardo-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Interval Estimation ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Real World Application ◽  
Operating Characteristic Curve ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Receiver Operating

Abstract The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and their associated summary indices, such as the Youden index, are statistical tools commonly used to analyze the discrimination ability of a (bio)marker to distinguish between two populations. This paper presents the concept of Youden index in the context of the generalized ROC (gROC) curve for non-monotone relationships. The interval estimation of the Youden index and the associated cutoff points in a parametric (binormal) and a non-parametric setting is considered. Monte Carlo simulations and a real-world application illustrate the proposed methodology.

Arterial stiffness is a potential mechanism and promising indicator of orthostatic hypotension in the general population

VASA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingtao Meng ◽  
Si Wang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Shixi Wan ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Baroreceptor Sensitivity ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis

Background: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a disease prevalent among middle-aged men and the elderly. The association between arterial stiffness and OH is unclear. This study evaluates whether arterial stiffness is correlated with OH and tests the usefulness of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), an arterial stiffness marker, with regard to identifying OH. Patients and methods: A sample of 1,010 participants was recruited from the general population (64.8 ± 7.7 years; 426 men) who attended health check-ups. BaPWV and the radial augmentation index (rAI) were both assessed as the arterial stiffness markers, and OH was determined using blood pressure (BP) measured in the supine position, as well as 30 seconds and 2 minutes after standing. Results: The prevalence of OH in this population was 4.9 %. Compared with the non-OH group, both baPWV (20.5 ± 4.5 vs 17.3 ± 3.7, p < 0.001) and rAI (88.1 ± 10.8 vs 84.2 ± 10.7, p < 0.05) were significantly higher in the OH group. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, baPWV (OR, 1.3; 95 % CI, 1.106–1.528; p < 0.05) remained associated with OH. Moreover, the degree of orthostatic BP reduction was related to arterial stiffness. In addition, increases in arterial stiffness predicted decreases in the degree of heart rate (HR) elevation. Finally, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that baPWV was useful in discriminating OH (AUC, 0.721; p < 0.001), with the cut-off value of 18.58 m/s (sensitivity, 0.714; specificity, 0.686). Conclusions: Arterial stiffness determined via baPWV, rather than rAI, was significantly correlated with the attenuation of the orthostatic hemodynamic response and the resultant OH. The impaired baroreceptor sensitivity might be the mechanism. In addition, baPWV appears to be a relatively sensitive and reliable indicator of OH in routine clinical practice.

Übereinstimmung von klinischer Diagnose, strukturierten Interviews und Selbstbeurteilungsfragebögen bei Depression im Kindes- und Jugendalter

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 405-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Dolle ◽  
Gerd Schulte-Körne ◽  
Nikolaus von Hofacker ◽  
Yonca Izat ◽  
Antje-Kathrin Allgaier
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Kinder Und Jugendliche ◽  
Prädiktive Werte ◽  
Receiver Operating

Fragestellung: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Übereinstimmung von strukturierten Kind- und Elterninterviews sowie dem klinischen Urteil bei der Diagnostik depressiver Episoden im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Zudem prüft sie, ob sich die Treffsicherheit und die optimalen Cut-off-Werte von Selbstbeurteilungsfragebögen in Referenz zu diesen verschiedenen Beurteilerperspektiven unterscheiden. Methodik: Mit 81 Kindern (9–12 Jahre) und 88 Jugendlichen (13–16 Jahre), die sich in kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischen Kliniken oder Praxen vorstellten, und ihren Eltern wurden strukturierte Kinder-DIPS-Interviews durchgeführt. Die Kinder füllten das Depressions-Inventar für Kinder und Jugendliche (DIKJ) aus, die Jugendlichen die Allgemeine Depressions-Skala in der Kurzform (ADS-K). Übereinstimmungen wurden mittels Kappa-Koeffizienten ermittelt. Optimale Cut-off-Werte, Sensitivität, Spezifität sowie positive und negative prädiktive Werte wurden anhand von Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) Kurven bestimmt. Ergebnisse: Die Interviews stimmten untereinander sowie mit dem klinischen Urteil niedrig bis mäßig überein. Depressive Episoden wurden häufiger nach klinischem Urteil als in den Interviews festgestellt. Cut-off-Werte und Validitätsmaße der Selbstbeurteilungsfragebögen variierten je nach Referenzstandard mit den schlechtesten Ergebnissen für das klinische Urteil. Schlussfolgerungen: Klinische Beurteiler könnten durch den Einsatz von strukturierten Interviews profitieren. Strategien für den Umgang mit diskrepanten Kind- und Elternangaben sollten empirisch geprüft und detailliert beschrieben werden.

Use of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curves to Evaluate Computer Confidence Threshold and Clinical Performance in the Diagnosis of Appendicitis

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. De Dombal ◽  
Jane C. Horrocks
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Confidence Threshold ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Computer Confidence ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Receiver Operating

This paper uses simple receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (i) to study the effect of varying computer confidence of threshold levels and (ii) to evaluate clinical performance in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Over 1300 patients presenting to five centres with abdominal pain of short duration were studied in varying detail. Clinical and computer-aided diagnostic predictions were compared with the »final« diagnosis. From these studies it is concluded the simplistic setting of a 50/50 confidence threshold for the computer program is as »good« as any other. The proximity of a computer-aided system changed clinical behaviour patterns; a higher overall performance level was achieved and clinicians performance levels became associated with the »mildly conservative« end of the computers ROC curve. Prior forecasts of over-confidence or ultra-caution amongst clinicians using the computer-aided system have not been fulfilled.

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