3. Understanding Hungary’s Constitutional Revolution

2015 ◽  
pp. 124-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Lane Scheppele
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Revolution

The Legal Status of Religious Minorities: Imāmī Shī'ī Law and Iran's Constitutional Revolution

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Tsadik
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
Constitutional Revolution ◽  
The Revolution

AbstractThis study investigates the extent to which the laws of Iran's Constitutional Revolution mark a break with Islam with regard to the legal status of religious minorities as reflected in the writings of some eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Imāmī Shī ī ulamā . Whereas Shī ī law usually treated religious minorities and Shī īs differentially, some—but not all—of the Revolutionary enactments treat religious minorities as the equals of Muslims. I conclude that the legal status of some religious minorities improved only somewhat during the Revolution as compared to their status under Shī ī law. The two-faced nature of the Revolution's enactments echoes the rival forces at work. The controversy over whether religious minorities should be treated as equals was legal in nature, but no less a dispute over the orientation of Iranian society.

The Irish Constitutional Revolution of the Sixteenth Century

1981 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Jon G. Crawford ◽  
Brendan Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Constitutional Revolution

scholarly journals Re-evaluating the post-communist success story: party elite loyalty, citizen mobilization and the erosion of Hungarian democracy

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Esther Herman
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Success Story ◽  
Party Strategies ◽  
Hungarian Case ◽  
Constitutional Revolution

In light of the instability of several Central Eastern European democracies following their accession to the European Union, most dramatically embodied by the ‘constitutional revolution’ taking place in Hungary since April 2010, this paper offers a critical reading of the dominant, rational-institutionalist model of democratic consolidation. Drawing on the Hungarian case, it argues that the conditions set out by this model are insufficient for ensuring a democratic regime against erosion. On this basis, the paper considers additional elements to understand Fidesz’s reforms: the importance of deeper commitments to democracy among the leadership of mainstream parties, and the pivotal role of party strategies of citizen mobilization in the consolidation of young democracies. Drawing on these insights, the paper argues for approaching democratic consolidation as an agent-led process of cultural change, emphasizing the socializing role of mainstream parties’ strategies of mobilization in the emergence of a democratic political culture. The last section concludes with methodological and empirical considerations, outlining a three-fold agenda for future research.

scholarly journals Inside the “Constitutional Revolution” of 1937

2017 ◽  
Vol 2016 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Cushman
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Revolution

scholarly journals Image of a Chinese Muslim in Late Ottoman Press

Turkology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (103) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Z.Sh. Abdirashidov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Situation ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Chinese Muslims ◽  
Scientific Potential ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Constitutional Revolution ◽  
Late Ottoman

At the end of the XIX century, the Muslim world, which fell into deep political and intellectual stagnation, was looking for ways out of this situation and raising the scientific potential of the Muslim community. The political crisis in the internal and external affairs of the most powerful Muslim state – Turkey, led in 1908 to the 2nd Constitutional Revolution. During this period that a press arose in Istanbul aimed at agitating or promoting the unity of Muslims under the rule of the Ottoman Sultan. The Turkish press, in order to fulfill the tasks assigned to it, first of all began to familiarize the Ottoman public with the life, political and social situation of Muslims living mainly in the southeastern territories of Asia. This article provides a preliminary analysis of the materials of the Turkish press, in particular, the magazines Ṣırāṭ-ı Müstaqīm, Ta‘āruf-i Müslimīn and Ḥikmet about Chinese Muslims, as well as made an attempt to identify the main ideological aspects of Ottoman society, their attitude to the socio-political situation of Chinese Muslims.

Gozareshhayi az Enqelab-e Mashrutiyyat-e Iran [Reports on the Iranian Constitutional Revolution] Mohammad Amin Rasulzadeh (trans. Rahim Ra’isniya, introduction by Kaveh Bayat) (1998). Tehran, Iran: Shirazeh, 360 pages. ISBN 964-6578, 228

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
Evan Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Early Years ◽  
National Council ◽  
Political Activist ◽  
The One ◽  
Constitutional Revolution

Mohammad Amin Rasulzadeh’s Journalism Mohammad Amin Rasulzadeh (1884-1954) was a prominent journalist and political activist from the present-day Republic of Azerbaijan who would also become the first head of the Azerbaijani National Council. He apparently got his start in journalism, contributing to Hemmat, a magazine sponsored by Muslim socialists and other progressives. In the one surviving article from that period which illustrates his political outlook, he writes, in the floral and colorful style of his early years, about four people, a nationalist, a democrat, a reactionary, and a progressive, and how it is only by them joining hands and avoiding division that anything will be accomplished. One of the first of his journalistic campaigns was healing the wounds opened by the Armenian-Muslim massacres of 1905, which he blamed on the Russian imperial bureaucracy. However, the Armenian left-nationalist Dashnaks did not escape reproach for betraying socialism by engaging in nationalist provocations. He also campaigned for European-style reading rooms to raise the level of culture among the Muslims.

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