Symbolical and Informational Component of the Organizational Culture in Displaced Higher Education Institutions of Ukraine (On the example of Mariupol HEI)

This paper analyzes organizations (corporate groups) that have withdrawn assets and personnel to the territory controlled by Ukraine consistently based on the relevant Ministry (Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine) decision. In the first years of displacement, the “routine” issues associated with launching the educational process became relevant, as distinguished from the “high third mission” consisting in creating innovative infrastructure facilities, forming the entrepreneurial culture of employees and students, and suchlike. Organizations (rectorates) that followed integrated (overarching) strategies had a consistent (agreed) internal and external image, or they have elaborated a uniform organizational culture and succeeded in assisting their employees in the search for narratives. “Workplace” has become almost the only factor enabling reinforcing the professional and individual self-worth for displaced employees.

Gozareshhayi az Enqelab-e Mashrutiyyat-e Iran [Reports on the Iranian Constitutional Revolution] Mohammad Amin Rasulzadeh (trans. Rahim Ra’isniya, introduction by Kaveh Bayat) (1998). Tehran, Iran: Shirazeh, 360 pages. ISBN 964-6578, 228

Mohammad Amin Rasulzadeh’s Journalism Mohammad Amin Rasulzadeh (1884-1954) was a prominent journalist and political activist from the present-day Republic of Azerbaijan who would also become the first head of the Azerbaijani National Council. He apparently got his start in journalism, contributing to Hemmat, a magazine sponsored by Muslim socialists and other progressives. In the one surviving article from that period which illustrates his political outlook, he writes, in the floral and colorful style of his early years, about four people, a nationalist, a democrat, a reactionary, and a progressive, and how it is only by them joining hands and avoiding division that anything will be accomplished. One of the first of his journalistic campaigns was healing the wounds opened by the Armenian-Muslim massacres of 1905, which he blamed on the Russian imperial bureaucracy. However, the Armenian left-nationalist Dashnaks did not escape reproach for betraying socialism by engaging in nationalist provocations. He also campaigned for European-style reading rooms to raise the level of culture among the Muslims.

The Topic of Azerbaijan and the Karabakh War in the Literature of Ahiska Turks

The article analyzes the content, literary features, and historical context of the theme of Azerbaijan and Karabakh in the literature of Ahiska Turks. It reviews the Ahiska Turks’ participation in cultural, economic, and public spheres in Azerbaijan after their immigration to the country starting from 1958 (the Ahiska Turks were exiled from their homelands in 1944). Information is given about the literary works of the Ahiska Turks and their writers living in Azerbaijan, including the activities of the Union of Ahiska Turkish Writers Living in Azerbaijan. Commentary is given on the topic of Azerbaijan in the works of Ahiska Turkish writers, including literary depictions and expressions of the occupation of Karabakh and the Khojaly genocide. Examples are given of praise in the works of Ahiska Turkish poets directed toward martyrs and victims who fought heroically to free Azerbaijani lands from occupation or who lived and died for the “One nationality– one state” ideal. The article analyzes and summarizes the works of Ahiska Turks on the themes of Azerbaijan and Karabakh, laying a foundation for further research on this topic.

The Construction of Geography by Nationalism: Homeland, Motherland, Fatherland

In this study, the relationship between space and geography in the composition of nationalism is examined. As a modern ideology, nationalism has been the most powerful ideology for the last two centuries that have shaped the world map, constructing identities and influencing people’s worlds of meaning. Understanding the content of nationalism, which is such a powerful ideology, is essential in understanding today’s events. Therefore, in the present study, the relationship between nationalism and geography is explained through the concept of space, which is one of the two components of identity phenomena. This statement, what is the effect of geography on the composition of nationalism? The answer to the question is made around. It is necessary to understand the conceptual and methodological frameworks of the study to answer this question. The literature review constitutes the methodological framework of the study. The literature on nationalism has been analyzed in this manner. The conceptual framework, on the other hand, constitutes nationalism, nationalism-nation, and nationalism-geography relations. French, German and Turkish nationalisms explain the concepts of homeland, motherland, and fatherland. Consequently, it can be said that in addition to the role of geography in understanding nationalism, it also determines the forms of nationalism concerning the concepts of homeland, motherland, and fatherland.

A Preliminary Measure of Teachers’ Occupational Well-Being in Baku Schools and Contextual Factors Affecting It

Teachers’ occupational well-being is the work-related aspect of teacher’s well-being. This study investigates the levels of occupational well-being of Baku school teachers and the factors that may influence them. The studied indicators of occupational well-being are self-efficacy, job satisfaction, psychosomatic symptoms, and social relations (among colleagues, principals, and students), and the studied contextual factors are school type, classroom size, gender, age, experience, and education. A quantitative questionnaire based on an OECD instrument was implemented among 100 participants to assess their levels of occupational well-being and compare the above-mentioned contextual factors. The data showed positive levels of the participants’ occupational well-being, the teacher-student relations were notoriously strong, and the teacher-principal relations were significantly low. The classroom size and teachers’ educational level showed the most notorious differences in occupational well-being, while the quality of teachers’ relation with their principal was a predictor of job satisfaction and self-efficacy. The most frequent psychosomatic symptom among the participants was fatigue, which showed some differences across groups. The minor participation of male teachers did not allow for the analysis of the data based on gender. More details and other findings, as well as implications for research and practice, are discussed.

Place of Pragmatics in EFL Classroom

This article’s main aim was to discuss the place of Pragmatics in EFL classrooms. Pragmatics is one of the branches of linguistics concerned with the study of meaning as communicated by a speaker and interpreted by a listener. Pragmatics has relatively recently become the focuses of attention in language studies. On the other hand, it is important to remember that pragmatics components have been used in language teaching contexts in recent years, syllabus design by language teachers worldwide. Many research works have been done by many language researchers in different aspects of pragmatics competence. Language teachers use pragmatics as a functional approach in the language classroom. However, pragmatics follows the general principles for men when they communicate with others. Pragmatics study sentences not in isolation but regarding contexts of situations, and it is defined as the interaction between a sequence of language and the real-world situation in which it is used.

Language Choice in Azerbaijani Context: A Sociolinguistic perspective

This study deals with the issue of language choice from sociolinguistic perspectives. The problem of multilingualism and plurilingualism in sociolinguistics occupies a special field for the study and evokes the interest of most linguists. The goal of the research was to investigate language choice from sociolinguistic perspectives. This experimental work was carried out to verify the right choice of language (English, Russian, and Azerbaijani) and to identify its effectiveness, the data were processed and interpreted based on analysis. Special attention was paid to the multilingualism / plurilingualism issues and multilingualism in Azerbaijan separately. This paper presents the results of the quantitative method for sociolinguistic research in language. It was based on the interviews that were conducted among parents in order to learn their tendency to bring up their children in a multilingual society. Thus, parents were interviewed in different schools with Russian, Azerbaijani and English mediums of instruction; a school with Azerbaijani medium of instruction named as “Zangi” lyceum, a school with Russian medium named as “N_12”, a school with English medium called as “Baku-Oxford School”. This paper is an in-depth, multidimensional study of such choices in language. The results of the data analysis affirm a solid status of English as an international language in Azerbaijan and emphasize an undeniable position of the Azerbaijani language as well.

Strategies to Overcome Translation Losses in the Novel “The Grapes of Wrath” by John Steinbeck to Achieve Adequacy in Translation

The current article involves the issues of losses, gains, or survivals contributing to literature in the process of translation. It represents a thorough study based on the novel “The Grapes of Wrath” by John Steinbeck from English and, respectively, its translation into Azerbaijani by Ulfet Kurchayli. It investigates the problematic areas or challenges emerging from the source-text discrepancies. Furthermore, this article also concentrates on the issue of cultural non-equivalence or the losses occurring in translating English literary texts into Azerbaijani. The paper identifies the translation techniques adopted by the translator of John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath. Adopting certain techniques rather than others has led to many losses on different levels. The translator’s important role as a cultural insider is also emphasized. The wide gap, distance, or the differences between the cultures, languages, and thought patterns of the English and Azerbaijani language speakers are the main factors resulting in various losses in the process of translation. Coping with these extra-linguistic constraints is harder than the linguistic ones as the translator has no choice in the given situations, deleting these elements from the TT or replacing them with elements that do not fit the context. This article aims at determining translation losses and gains, defining ways that the translator employs for compensating losses, through the analysis of John Steinbeck’s style in The Grapes of Wrath. The article concludes that there are some situations where the translation of a certain text from the SL into the TL embraces alteration in the whole informational content of the text, in the form of expressions or words.

Deconstruction of the Construction: Derridean Study of Selected Shakespeare’s Comedies

Since it was first introduced by Jacques Derrida in the late 1960s, deconstruction, as a method of reading, has been applied to literary texts by critics to reveal the hidden messages of texts and provide opportunities to rethink textual and cultural norms and conventions. While the western tradition has always prioritized tragedy over comedy due to its elegance and graveness, this research tends to focus on comedy as an entity in itself. Tragedy, especially in the Shakespearean sense of the word, has been considered by critics as a “construction” that is well-wrought and perfect in nature. Comedy, on the other hand, is notable for laughing at the laughable and mocking the unfit. Put differently, there has always been a latent, freewheeling “deconstruction” within comedy, especially the Shakespearean. There is, thus, an attempt here to prove, on the one hand, how comedy can be put forth not as an inferior genre but as a supplement to tragedy and, on the other, how comedy moves toward deconstruction and how it tends to subvert or deconstruct the constructions. Investigating a selection of Shakespeare’s comedies including As You Like It, The Merchant of Venice, and Twelfth Night, this study compares and contrasts Shakespearean comedy in light of some Derridean concepts. Along with it, Shakespearean ideas and concepts which are interconnected with those of Derrida are introduced and are buttressed through some meticulously chosen excerpts. Bearing in mind that Derrida is in a habit of deconstructing the so-called established creeds, Shakespeare’s texts are exposed to a deconstructive reading to examine how deceptively simple ideas are dealt with in his selected comedies. Also, as numerous enigmas have for years revolved around the personality of William Shakespeare, this study also aims to take up certain critical idioms of the Derridean canon, elaborate on them and then relate them to the selected plays from the Shakespearean oeuvre in order to disclose some personal aspects of Shakespeare’s personality as a historical figure.

A Comparative Analysis of the Similar Word-formation Processes in English and Arabic

This paper sets out on a comparative analysis of similar word-formation processes in English and Arabic. In doing so, it hopes to emerge and serve as subsequent and reliable, albeit partial, reference material for English and Arabic linguistics, especially in reference to linguistic structures. The framework herein for the study and analysis of word-formation processes in both languages may also be applied in future studies and other genres, corpora, and texts. This study enriches the research findings and meta-theory in the field of linguistics, contributing to the current linguistic intellectualism trends. The specific processes discussed are acronyms, antonomasia, backformation, blending, borrowing, compounding, and derivation.