"Daran ist die Gesellschaft schuld!"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kablitz
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
New Testament ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Central Question ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

Society is to blame: The title of this book refers to a widespread dictum in modernity. From a historical point of view, however, it seems to lack plausibility as it appears in a culture whose ethical tradition has emphasised the importance of moral responsibility since antiquity. How could it then happen that social conditions have been declared responsible for all the deficiencies in humans’ lives? This is the central question this book addresses. The answer it gives goes back to the premises of the ethics of the New Testament. It describes Rousseau’s claim that society is to blame for all the evil in our world as the consequence of the secularisation of the Christian concept of charity that took place in the moralist literature of the early modern era.

Authority, Religion, and the State

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Rosendale
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Institutional Church ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
The Church

This chapter discusses the deeply fraught issue of authority, and particularly the difficult relations between its secular and religious forms. From the New Testament to Augustine, through the Middle Ages, and well into the Reformation and early modern era, political and transcendent structures of authority are both problematic in themselves and contentiously at odds with each other. The Reformation was a watershed event in these struggles, as it helped to cement the worldly ascendancy of sociopolitical authority over that of the Church—but it also initiated an even deeper and more consequential tension of authority by relocating spiritual (and to a lesser degree political) authority from the institutional Church to the individual believer, thus setting up the basic terms for the subsequent development of modern liberal democracy.

scholarly journals Treasure Hunt—Roman Inquisition and Magical Practices Ad Inveniendos Thesauros in Southern Tuscany

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 444
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Tedesco
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
Italian Peninsula ◽  
Vatican City ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
The Church

Resorting to the supernatural to find something lost is a practice that can be observed over a very large range of times and places. With the affirmation of Christianity, these kinds of habits and beliefs were considered superstitious by the Church. During the early modern era, the institution appointed to control the integrity of the faithful in the Italian peninsula was the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition, which had a significant number of local tribunals spread over the territory. This essay aims to study the diffusion of the practice of finding treasures by using magical items and rituals in the area under the jurisdiction of the Sienese tribunal of the Holy Office (approximately the entire southern Tuscany), whose trial sources are preserved in the Archive of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (Vatican City). The research, based on around seventy individual cases, shows an interesting belief from a historical–anthropological point of view, namely: although in most cases people were looking for everyday objects that they had lost, sometimes, they used the same rituals to search for ancient treasures that they heard were buried or hidden in a particular place (church, field, or cellar), with the presence of guardians like spirits or demons, that had to be driven away with a prayer or an exorcism before taking possession of the treasure.

Philosophic Pride

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Brooke
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Intellectual Life ◽  
Marcus Aurelius ◽  
Hugo Grotius ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

This is the first full-scale look at the essential place of Stoicism in the foundations of modern political thought. Spanning the period from Justus Lipsius's Politics in 1589 to Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Emile in 1762, and concentrating on arguments originating from England, France, and the Netherlands, the book considers how political writers of the period engaged with the ideas of the Roman and Greek Stoics that they found in works by Cicero, Seneca, Epictetus, and Marcus Aurelius. The book examines key texts in their historical context, paying special attention to the history of classical scholarship and the historiography of philosophy. The book delves into the persisting tension between Stoicism and the tradition of Augustinian anti-Stoic criticism, which held Stoicism to be a philosophy for the proud who denied their fallen condition. Concentrating on arguments in moral psychology surrounding the foundations of human sociability and self-love, the book details how the engagement with Roman Stoicism shaped early modern political philosophy and offers significant new interpretations of Lipsius and Rousseau together with fresh perspectives on the political thought of Hugo Grotius and Thomas Hobbes. The book shows how the legacy of the Stoics played a vital role in European intellectual life in the early modern era.

All that glitters: Fool’s gold in the early-modern era

Endeavour ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Marie Roos
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

Introduction: Experimenting with Animals in the Early Modern Era

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Guerrini ◽  
Domenico Bertoloni Meli
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era
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