Curating Within Music Ensembles

The central question for curating innovative performances by ensembles, which connect to their moment in time and to their audiences, is deciding what to play, and why. What repertoire shall we play? Or perhaps, what shall we arrange? What should we learn and practice, and what should we commission? And underlying these questions is the wonder-filled query: Why? What is the magical combination that informs these choices? I explored these central questions via a two-hour virtual conversation with leaders of three very different ensembles. My starting point for this exploration is that music ensemble leaders are involved in a complex process of making choices in relation to the intention of their ensemble and the time and place of the performance. Even if they do not already use the word, I suggest that curating is what these ensembles are doing. In order to grasp the nature of curation, we can learn a great deal from the process as it develops within an ensemble.

From Downturn to Upturn, An Economic Lift of Local Business Entrepreneurs in Qatar as Affected by the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Phenomenology

Background: Globally, local entrepreneurs have experienced an economic downturn brought about by the Covid-19 pandemic. Local businessmen in Qatar are not an exception. Method: This qualitative research paper utilized the phenomenological approach as it sought to understand the lived experiences of business owners in Qatar who are experiencing financial decline relative to the central question: “How do local business owners deal with financial decline brought about by the Covid-19 pandemic?”. Findings: The verbal ponderings and statements of the respondents revealed three major themes that local business partners had experienced before their businesses finally reached an upswing. These are (1) CUSTOMER RELATIONS, dealing with Acknowledging Achievements, Attaining Customer Values, and Operating Responses, (2) ADJUSTMENT REMODELING, focusing on Building Foundations, Adapting to Changes, and Coping with Mishaps, and (3) BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT which is about Dealing Impacts, Relieving Stress, and Addressing Liabilities of the businesses impacted by the pandemic. Conclusion: Local Business Partners had a continuous downturn to a series of events revolving around its business, however, most of the respondents are satiated with operating the facility under circumstances. Recommendations: This study recommends that business owners here in Qatar enable themselves to be knowledgeable of the phases behind the strategies of managing a business. These can aid the entrepreneurs in their decision-making skills for the business to prosper. The upcoming related studies should further enlarge the concept of businesses as it will help begin a broader perception of the local businesses. Keywords: Qatar Business Owners, Entrepreneurs, Finance, Recession, Financial

Influence of High Hemoglobin-Oxygen Affinity on Humans During Hypoxia

Humans elicit a robust series of physiological responses to maintain adequate oxygen delivery during hypoxia, including a transient reduction in hemoglobin-oxygen (Hb-O2) affinity. However, high Hb-O2 affinity has been identified as a beneficial adaptation in several species that have been exposed to high altitude for generations. The observed differences in Hb-O2 affinity between humans and species adapted to high altitude pose a central question: is higher or lower Hb-O2 affinity in humans more advantageous when O2 availability is limited? Humans with genetic mutations in hemoglobin structure resulting in high Hb-O2 affinity have shown attenuated cardiorespiratory adjustments during hypoxia both at rest and during exercise, providing unique insight into this central question. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to examine the influence of high Hb-O2 affinity during hypoxia through comparison of cardiovascular and respiratory adjustments elicited by humans with high Hb-O2 affinity compared to those with normal Hb-O2 affinity.

Revisiting the Religious Openness Hypothesis in a Migration Context: The Case of Muslims with a Turkish Migration Background in Germany

The religious openness hypothesis, which states that religious traditions have the potential to integrate faith with intellect, is examined in this study within a migration context for the first time. Based on two lines of research, our central question is whether the sociological context or the Islamic tradition per se explains the (in)compatibility of faith and intellect orientation and their relation to psychological openness. Religious openness, psychological openness (ambiguity tolerance and acculturation strategies) and religiosity were measured among Muslims with a Turkish migration background in Germany. Our findings show a non-significant relationship between faith and intellect orientation and we therefore propose that the secular context is the crucial explaining factor. Religious reflection also moderates the link between different forms of religiosity and ambiguity tolerance. Finally, heterogeneous religious rationalities were uncovered that challenge the negative view of Muslims as fanatic, closed-minded people which prevails among the German majority society.

Ranahar: Textuality of History, Culture and Politics

The question of the relation between the history and the literature is a central question of historicism and new historicism. Literature is not possible without the influence of the time; past or present. The depiction of the past is the picture of history in the text, and the portrayal of present becomes the history in the future, hence the literary text is not free from the history in any way. Furthermore, some tests intentionally present the history, not as exactly as the history, but as the interpretation of the history, hence the mode of new historical way of understanding the text. Yogesh Raj's Ranahar provides the lost history of Malla dynasty, primarily the history of the last Malla king, Ranajit. The book is not a pure imagination, neither is it a pure history, but it has the combination of the historical facts and his imagination. Reading this novel, as a fiction, just as pure imagination is an injustice to the veiled part of its history. With the background of the history of Bhaktapur, this article examines the novel Ranahar from historical and new historical perspective on how literature has become a medium to reveal the lost history, the textuality of history.

Introduction to Faith in State Legislatures

This chapter introduces the complex history of the founding of America. Colonization of the United States was fueled by European upheaval unleashed by the Protestant Reformation. Religion in part gave birth to the United States. However, keeping religion out of government is a central question inherent in the history and culture of the U.S. The relationship among faith, politics, and culture is explored and contributes to either the support of or opposition to social change in state legislatures.

Missions: For Whom Does the Company Exist?

The unbundling of the corporate purpose in specific missions is a central question for management by missions (MBM). Missions, understood as the contributions that characterize the purpose, have been present in management life for close to half a century and today are one of the main management tools used by companies around the world. In this chapter, we discuss the relationship between purpose and missions. More specifically, we show how management by missions nurtures the development of purpose in three fundamental dimensions: content, credibility and sense of urgency.

Joaquim de Oliveira Santos e a modernização da aritmética da escola primária ludovicense

Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender as contribuições do professor Joaquim de Oliveira Santos na modernização da Aritmética da Escola Primária ludovicense. O texto busca responder ao questionamento central: quais as contribuições de Joaquim de Oliveira Santos na modernização da aritmética da escola primária ludovicense? Para tanto, vale-se do aporte teórico-metodológico ancorado na História Cultural, com base nos trabalhos de Chartier (2017), e na História da educação matemática, com base em Valente (2017) e Pinto (2017). Quanto ao corpus investigativo, as fontes incluem documentos oficiais e, principalmente, livros didáticos escritos pelo professor. A produção do professor Joaquim de Oliveira Santos, identificada nos documentos aos quais tivemos acesso, evidencia incessante busca pela modernização da Aritmética da escola primária ludovicense, bem como pela melhor qualidade da formação de professores primários maranhenses em tempos da vaga intuitiva. As análises permitem inferir que o professor Joaquim de Oliveira Santos desenvolveu trabalhos com vistas à modernização da Aritmética do ensino primário em São Luís, em harmonia com aquilo que era evidenciado no cenário educacional em níveis nacional e internacional.Joaquim de Oliveira Santos and the modernization of arithmetic in the Ludovician primary schoolThis study aims to understand the contributions of Professor Joaquim de Oliveira Santos in the modernization of Arithmetic at Escola Primária Ludovicense. The text seeks to answer the central question: what are the contributions of Joaquim de Oliveira Santos in the modernization of Arithmetic at Elementary School Ludovicense? For that, it makes use of the theoretical-methodological contribution anchored in Cultural History, based on the works of Chartier (2017), the History of Mathematics Education, Valente (2017), Pinto (2017). As for the investigative corpus, the sources include official documents, and mainly textbooks written by the professor. The production of teacher Joaquim de Oliveira Santos, identified in the documents to which we had access, shows the teacher's incessant search for the modernization of Arithmetic in the ludovician Elementary School, as well as for the better quality of education for primary teachers in Maranhão, in times of the intuitive wave. The analyzes allow us to infer that Professor Joaquim de Oliveira Santos developed works with a view to modernizing Arithmetic in primary education in São Luís, in harmony with what was evident in the educational scenario at national and international levels.Keywords: Joaquim de Oliveira Santos; Teaching math; Primary School; History of Education in Maranhão.

Semantic and Pragmatic Structures in Chomsky’s Binding Theory

The central question that this paper attempts is to describe the conditions under which the anaphor can be determined grammatically or contextually. The issue at hand is whether anaphoric forms can be distinguished from indexical ones within Binding theory. The syntactic representation of bindees are characterized by the use of indices. But what role does the context play in assigning co-referential or non-coreferential properties to anaphors? Furthermore, ellipses are also context-bound. An elliptical structure is indexical, rather than anaphoric. The study analyzes the syntactic structures of Chomsky’s Binding theory within Bolinger’s (1979) semantic model Meaning and Form. It seeks the support of other semanticists in order to fill possible semantic gaps in Binding theory. Keywords: binding theory, elliptical structures, meaning and form model

Conclusion

The disagreement between China and the United States over maritime rights in the South China Sea has become the leading maritime point of friction. But that dispute is just one part of more fundamental change at work in how the world governs the oceans, one that has moved away from the idea of freedom of the seas. A central question is whether the UN Convention’s compromise on the oceans can endure. The Convention increased national sovereignty over parts of the oceans but also created mechanisms of international control. What emerged from that compromise is a complex, hybrid system of governance that relies on national governments but also a variety of international and regional organizations and international courts. Part of that compromise is a narrower version of freedom of the seas, but pressure from multiple directions is rendering even a limited version of that long-standing doctrine increasingly fragile.