Multiple Molecular Targets of Antrodia camphorata: A Suitable Candidate for Breast Cancer Chemoprevention

In 1976, Sporn has defined chemoprevention as “the use of pharmacologic or natural agents that inhibit the development of invasive breast cancer either by blocking the DNA damage that initiates carcinogenesis, or by arresting or reversing the progression of premalignant cells in which such damage has already occurred.” Although the precise mechanism or mechanisms that promote a breast cancer are not completely established, the success of several recent clinical trials in preventive settings in selected high-risk populations suggests that chemoprevention is a rational and an appealing strategy. Breast cancer chemoprevention has focused heavily on endocrine intervention using selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and aromatase inhibitors (AIs). Achieving much success in this particular setting and new approaches as low-dose administration are actually under investigations in several topics. Unfortunately, these drugs are active in prevention of endocrine responsive lesions only and have no effect in reducing the risk of estrogen-negative breast cancer. Thus, recently new pathways, biomarkers, and agents likely are to be effective in this subgroup of cancers and were put under investigation. Moreover, the identification of new potential molecular targets and the development of agents aimed at these targets within cancer have already had a significant impact on advanced cancer therapy and provide a wealth of opportunities for chemoprevention. This paper will highlight current clinical research in both ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer chemoprevention, explaining the biologic effect of the various agents on carcinogenesis and precancerous lesions, and finally presenting an excursus on the state-of-the-art about new molecular targets under investigations in breast cancer settings.

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Breast Cancer Chemoprevention Is Underrated

Family Practice News ◽

10.1016/s0300-7073(07)70099-3 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

BRUCE JANCIN

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Chemoprevention ◽

Breast Cancer Chemoprevention

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The Effect of Information Displays in Decisions About Tamoxifen Use for Breast Cancer Chemoprevention

10.21236/ada441322 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Isaac Lipkus

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Chemoprevention ◽

Information Displays ◽

Breast Cancer Chemoprevention

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Spices with Breast Cancer Chemopreventive and Therapeutic Potentials: A Functional Foods Based-Review

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520617666170912121422 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 182-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aliyu Muhammad ◽

Mohammed Auwal Ibrahim ◽

Ochuko Lucky Erukainure ◽

Ibrahim Malami ◽

Auwal Adamu

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Cancer Chemoprevention ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Active Metabolites ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Anticancer Properties ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Breast Cancer Chemoprevention ◽

Biologically Active Metabolites

Background: Cancer is a multifaceted metabolic disease that affects sizeable dwellers of rural and urban areas. Among the various types of cancer, mammary cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in women. Its menace can be curbed with locally consumed spices due to their multiple bioactive phytochemicals. Aims: This review focuses on the breast cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic potentials of locally consumed spices. Methods/Results: The most commonly consumed spices with breast cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic phytochemical include pepper, onions, ginger, garlic, curry and thyme containing many biologically active metabolites ranging from vitamins, fatty acids esters, polyphenols/phenolics, sulfurcontaining compounds and anthraquinones with proven antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory, antitumor and anticancer properties against breast cancer/carcinogenesis. Therefore, extracts and active principles of these spices could be explored in breast cancer chemoprevention and possibly therapeutically which may provide an avenue for reducing the risk and prevalence of breast cancer.

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