The Pathomorphology of Far Eastern Tick-Borne Encephalitis

Almost All ◽

Far Eastern ◽

Reservoir Hosts

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) exists in natural foci, which are areas where TBEV is circulating among its vectors (ticks of different species and genera) and reservoir hosts (usually rodents and small mammals). Based on phylogenetic studies, four TBEV subtypes (Far-Eastern, Siberian, European, Baikalian) and two putative subtypes (Himalayan and “178-79” group) are known. Within each subtype, some genetic lineages are described. The European subtype (TBEV-EU) (formerly known also as the “Western subtype”) of TBEV is prevalent in Europe, but it was also isolated in Western and Eastern Siberia in Russia and South Korea. The Far-Eastern subtype (TBEV-FE) was preferably found in the territory of the far-eastern part of Eurasia, but some strains were isolated in other regions of Eurasia. The Siberian (TBEV-SIB) subtype is the most common and has been found in almost all TBEV habitat areas. The Baikalian subtype is prevalent around Lake Baikal and was isolated several times from ticks and rodents. In addition to the four TBEV subtypes, one single isolate of TBEV (178-79) and two genetic sequences (Himalayan) supposed to be new TBEV subtypes were described in Eastern Siberia and China. The data on TBEV seroprevalence in humans and animals can serve as an indication for the presence or absence of TBEV in studied area.

Computational and Rational Design of Single-Chain Antibody against Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus for Modifying Its Specificity

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13081494 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1494

Author(s):

Ivan K. Baykov ◽

Pavel Y. Desyukevich ◽

Ekaterina E. Mikhaylova ◽

Olga M. Kurchenko ◽

Nina V. Tikunova

Keyword(s):

Rational Design ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Encephalitis Virus ◽

Chimeric Antibody ◽

Single Chain ◽

Single Chain Antibody ◽

Glycoprotein E ◽

Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes 5−7 thousand cases of human meningitis and encephalitis annually. The neutralizing and protective antibody ch14D5 is a potential therapeutic agent. This antibody exhibits a high affinity for binding with the D3 domain of the glycoprotein E of the Far Eastern subtype of the virus, but a lower affinity for the D3 domains of the Siberian and European subtypes. In this study, a 2.2-fold increase in the affinity of single-chain antibody sc14D5 to D3 proteins of the Siberian and European subtypes of the virus was achieved using rational design and computational modeling. This improvement can be further enhanced in the case of the bivalent binding of the full-length chimeric antibody containing the identified mutation.

Ability of inactivated vaccines based on far‐eastern tick‐borne encephalitis virus strains to induce humoral immune response in originally seropositive and seronegative recipients

Journal of Medical Virology ◽

10.1002/jmv.25316 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 91 (2) ◽

pp. 190-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Galina B. Maikova ◽

Liubov L. Chernokhaeva ◽

Yulia V. Rogova ◽

Liubov I. Kozlovskaya ◽

Ivan S. Kholodilov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Humoral Immune Response ◽

Encephalitis Virus ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽

Inactivated Vaccines ◽

Far Eastern ◽

Virus Strains

Tick-borne encephalitides

10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0044 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Patricia A. Nuttall

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Tick Species ◽

Encephalitis Virus ◽

Virus Family ◽

Wild Mammals ◽

Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽

Powassan Virus ◽

Louping Ill ◽

Tick-borne encephalitides are caused by three different viruses transmitted by ticks and belonging to the Flaviviridae virus family: tick-borne encephalitis virus (Far Eastern, Siberian, and European subtypes), louping ill virus, and Powassan virus (including deer tick virus). These viruses cause encephalitis affecting humans in Eurasia and North America. In nature, they are maintained in transmission cycles involving Ixodes tick species and small or medium-sized wild mammals. The tick-borne flavivirus group is one of the most intensely studied groups of tick-borne pathogens.

Effect of Glycosaminoglycans on Pathogenic Properties Far-Eastern Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus

Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1007/s10517-019-04555-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 167 (4) ◽

pp. 482-485 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. N. Leonova ◽

S. I. Belikov

Keyword(s):

Encephalitis Virus ◽

Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽

Evaluation of European tick-borne encephalitis virus vaccine against recent Siberian and far-eastern subtype strains

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/s0264-410x(01)00218-3 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 19 (32) ◽

pp. 4774-4779 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Daisuke Hayasaka ◽

Akiko Goto ◽

Kentarou Yoshii ◽

Tetsuya Mizutani ◽

Hiroaki Kariwa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virus Vaccine ◽

Encephalitis Virus ◽

Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽

Comparative analysis of genomes of tick-borne encephalitis virus strains isolated from mosquitoes and ticks

Voprosy Virusologii ◽

10.18821/0507-4088-2017-62-1-30-35 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 30-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N. M. Pukhovskaya ◽

O. V. Morozova ◽

N. B. Belozerova ◽

S. V. Bakhmetyeva ◽

N. P. Vysochina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vaccine Strain ◽

Far East ◽

Encephalitis Virus ◽

Ixodes Persulcatus ◽

Aedes Vexans ◽

Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽

Tbev Strain ◽

Natural Foci ◽

The tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) strain Lazo MP36 was isolated from the pool of mosquitoes Aedes vexans collected in Lazo region of Khabarovsk territory in August 2014. Phylogenetic analysis of the strain Lazo MP36 complete genome (GenBank accession number KT001073) revealed its correspondence to the TBEV Far Eastern subtype and differences from the following strains: 1) from ticks Ixodes persulcatus P. Schulze, 1930 [vaccine strain 205 (JX498939) and strains Khekhtzir 1230 (KF880805), Chichagovka (KP844724), Birobidzhan 1354 (KF880805) isolated in 2012-2013]; 2) from mosquitoes [strain Malyshevo (KJ744034) isolated in 1978 from Aedes vexans nipponii in Khabarovsk territory; strain Sakhalin 6-11 isolated from the pool of mosquitoes in 2011 (KF826916)]; 3) from human brain [vaccine strain Sofjin (JN229223), Glubinnoe/2004(DQ862460). Kavalerovo (DQ862460), Svetlogorie (DQ862460)]. The fusion peptide necessary for flavivirus entry to cells of the three TBEV strains isolated from mosquitoes (Lazo MP36, Malyshevo and Sakhalin 6-11) has the canonical structure 98-DRGWGNHCGLFGKGSI-113 for the tick-borne flaviviruses. Amino acid transition H104G typical for the mosquito-borne flaviviruses was not found. Structures of 5’- and 3’-untranslated (UTR) regions of the TBEV strains from mosquitoes were 85-98% homologous to the TBEV strains of all subtypes without recombination with mosquito-borne flaviviruses found in the Far East of Russia. Secondary structures of 5’- and 3'-UTR as well as cyclization sequences (CS) of types a and B are highly homologous for all TBEV isolates independently of the biological hosts and vectors. similarity of the genomes of the TBEV isolates from mosquitoes, ticks and patients as well as pathogenicity of the isolates for new-borne laboratory mice and tissue cultures might suggest a possible role of mosquitoes in the TBEV circulation in natural foci as an accidental or additional virus carrier.