scholarly journals Amorphous and Crystalline Magnesium Alloys for Biomedical Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Cesarz-Andraczke ◽  
Aneta Kania ◽  
Katarzyna Młynarek ◽  
Rafał Babilas
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Potential Applications

Amorphous and crystalline magnesium alloys, developed for medical applications – especially implantology – present the characteristics of biocompatible magnesium alloys (Mg-Zn, Mg-Zn-Ca, Mg-Ca etc.). This chapter provides a brief description of the role of magnesium in the human body and the use of Mg in medicine. It presents the concept of using magnesium alloys in medicine (advantages and limitations) and the scope of their potential applications (orthopedic implantology, cardiac surgery etc.). The chapter shows classification of magnesium alloys as potential biomaterials, due to their structure (amorphous, crystalline) and alloying elements (rare earth elements, noble metals etc.). The mechanism and in vitro degradation behavior of magnesium alloys with amorphous and crystalline structures are described. The chapter also discusses the influence of alloying elements (rare earth elements, noble metals) on the in vitro degradation process. It also presents the methods of reducing the degradation rate of magnesium alloys by modifying their surface (application of protective layers).

scholarly journals Role of multi-microalloying by rare earth elements in ductilization of magnesium alloys

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanding Huang ◽  
Weimin Gan ◽  
Karl Ulrich Kainer ◽  
Norbert Hort
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Magnesium Alloys

Metal–organic complexes as a major sink for rare earth elements in soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr S. Fedotov ◽  
Olga B. Rogova ◽  
Rustam Kh. Dzhenloda ◽  
Vasily K. Karandashev
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Organic Complexes ◽  
Metal Organic

Environmental contextThe role of rare earth elements in soil–plant systems remains unclear. We use continuous-flow extraction, designed to mimic natural conditions while minimising artefacts, to study in vitro chemical fractionation of rare earth elements in soil. The study reveals a predominant association of rare earth elements and metal-organic complexes independent of soil type and contamination, and thereby provides valuable insights into the behaviour of these elements in soil–plant systems. AbstractThe role of rare earth elements (REEs) in soil–plant systems has attracted increasing attention but still remains somewhat unclear. Along invivo studies on the uptake of REEs by plants, invitro chemical fractionation of REEs in soil according to their physicochemical mobility can offer additional insights into the behaviour of REEs. In the present work, the fractionation of REEs was studied with the example of background, aerially and hydrogenically contaminated soil samples using dynamic (continuous flow) extraction, which allows natural conditions to be mimicked and artefacts to be minimised. The eluents applied addressed exchangeable, specifically sorbed, bound to Mn oxides, bound to metal–organic complexes, and bound to amorphous and poorly ordered Fe/Al oxides fractions extractable by 0.05M Ca(NO3)2, 0.43M CH3COOH, 0.1M NH2OH·HCl, 0.1M K4P2O7 at pH 11, and 0.1M (NH4)2C2O4 at pH 3.2 respectively. The distribution of trace metals (such as Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni) between separated fractions varies with sample and is dependent on the type of contamination. However, for all samples, the recoveries of REEs by pyrophosphate are surprisingly high, up to 40–45% of their total concentrations in background and anthropogenically transformed floodplain soils. As compared to metal–organic complexes, the contents of REEs bound to Fe/Al oxides are fairly low, no more than 12%. REEs in other fractions may be taken into consideration only for aerially contaminated soil. Such a predominant association of REEs and metal–organic complexes (i.e. humic and fulvic compounds) independent of the type of soil has not been reported before.

scholarly journals In vitro degradation of chitosan composite foams for biomedical applications and effect of bioactive glass as a crosslinker

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talita Martins ◽  
Cheisy D. F. Moreira ◽  
Ezequiel S. Costa-Júnior ◽  
Marivalda M. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Composite Foams ◽  
3D Composite ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Chitosan Composite

Abstract In tissue engineering applications, 3D scaffolds with adequate structure and composition are required to provide durability that is compatiblewith the regeneration of native tissue. In the present study, the degradation of novel flexible 3D composite foams of chitosan (CH) combined with bioactive glass (BG)was evaluated, focusing on the role of BG as a physical crosslinker in the composites, and its effect on the degradation process. Highly porous CH/BG composite foams were obtained, and an elevated degradation temperature and lower degradation rate compared with pure chitosan were observed, probably as a result of greater intermolecular interaction between CH and BG. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data suggest that hydrogen bonds were responsible for the physical crosslinking between CH and BG. The results confirm that CH/BG foams can combine controllable bioactivity and degradation behavior and, therefore, could be useful for tissue regeneration matrices.

THE PROVENANCE OF WINE: THE ROLE OF BEDROCK AND SOIL IN TRANSFERRING TRACE AND RARE EARTH ELEMENTS INTO WINE GRAPES, SONOMA COUNTY, CA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie E. Dupuis ◽  
◽  
Owen A. Anfinson ◽  
Laura Waters ◽  
Holli M. Frey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Wine Grapes ◽  
Sonoma County

General role of rare earth elements in dynamic characteristic of series of FeB-based bulk-glass-forming liquids

2021 ◽  
Vol 572 ◽  
pp. 121119
Author(s):  
Yanwen Bai ◽  
Lina Hu ◽  
Jingyu Qin ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Kaikai Song
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Dynamic Characteristic ◽  
Bulk Glass ◽  
General Role ◽  
Glass Forming

Phosphorus and the rare earth elements in felsic magmas: an assessment of the role of apatite

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 2349-2358 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.Bruce Watson ◽  
C.J. Capobianco
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
The Rare Earth

The Role of Applications of Rare Earth Elements in Enhancement of Crop and Pasture Production

1999 ◽  
Vol 315-317 ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Buckingham ◽  
J. Maheswaran ◽  
B. Meehan ◽  
K. Peverill
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Pasture Production

scholarly journals Role of rare earth elements on the improvement of corrosion resistance of micro-alloyed steels in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 519-534
Author(s):  
Shen Zhang ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Meng Tang ◽  
Xian Zhang ◽  
Kaiming Wu
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Nacl Solution
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