scholarly journals Ecology of Plant Communities in Central Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín Sosa-Ramírez ◽  
Vicente Díaz-Núñez ◽  
Diego R. Pérez-Salicrup
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Biogeographic Provinces

In Central Mexico converge three biogeographic provinces: Altiplano sur, Sierra Madre Occidental and Costa del Pacífico. Each one of them is composed by different plant communities: Thorn Forest, Temperate Mountain Forest and Dry Tropical Forest respectively. Our objective is to show, through phytoecological analysis, the species richness, diversity and the structure of the plant communities from the Temperate Mountain Forest and from the Tropical Dry Forest. In the Temperate Mountain Forest, 50 forest species were recorded, with a Shannon Wiener diversity index H´ = 1.63 on altitudes from 2400 to 2600 m. The Whittaker β index is Bw = 7.22. In the tropical dry forest, we identified 79 plants species with a mean diversity index H´ = 3.49 on altitudes from 1951 to 2100 m. In this ecosystem the Bw index is 8.12. This study offers important information for the establishment of management practices, considering the protection status from the areas in which this vegetation type is distributed.

scholarly journals Madrigueras de Liomys pictus en dos selvas tropicales del Pacífico mexicano.

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Domínguez-Castellanos ◽  
Beatriz Hernandez Meza ◽  
Angeles Mendoza D. ◽  
Gerardo Ceballos González
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Mexican Pacific ◽  
La Selva

Resumen: Se determinó la estructura y el contenido de las madrigueras de Liomys pictus por tipo de vegetación y temporada del año, en dos selvas tropicales del Pacífico Mexicano. Se encontraron 24 madrigueras: en la selva baja la mayoría son complejas, mientras que  en la selva mediana son lineales, por consiguiente y de acuerdo a la clasificación de las madrigueras, en selva baja se presentaron madrigueras múltiples y en selva mediana madrigueras simples. De acuerdo al contenido, las de selva baja tienen en promedio una mayor cantidad de materiales en comparación a las de selva mediana. Se catalogaron un total de 248 especies de plantas de estas 50 se comparten en ambos sitios, del total de las especies se llegaron a identificar sólo 77. Las familias más representativas fueron Leguminoseae, Euphorbiaceae y Convolvulaceae. La estructura de las madrigueras no esta determinada por la temporalidad, sin embargo el contenido esta determinado con la cantidad de material almacenado aunque la producción de semillas esta definido por el patrón de fructificación que esta dado a lo largo del año.Palabras clave: Madrigueras, estructura, contenido, Liomys pictus, Jalisco, México.Abstract: We determined the structure and contents of burrows of Liomys pictus by vegetation type and season in two tropical forests of the Mexican Pacific. 24 burrows were found in the tropical dry forest and most complex, in the semi deciduous forest is linear, and therefore according to the classification of the burrows in the tropical dry forest are more numerous and simple in the semi deciduous forest. According to the content, of the tropical dry forest have on average a greater amount of material compared to the semi deciduous forest. Were categorized a total of 248 plant species of these 50 sites are shared in both the total number of species is to determine 77. The most representative families were Leguminoseae, Euphorbiaceae and Convulvolaceae. The structure of the burrows is not affected by the timing, but the content is determined with the amount of stored material but seed production is defined by the pattern of fruit that is given throughout the year.Key words: Burrows, structure, food hoarding, Liomys pictus, Jalisco, Mexico.

scholarly journals The structure and diversity of vegetation treelets of tropical mountain forest on mount Bawakaraeng

2021 ◽  
Vol 912 (1) ◽  
pp. 012021
Author(s):  
M Wiharto ◽  
M Wijaya ◽  
H Lodang ◽  
H Karim
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Pteridium Aquilinum ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Tropical Mountain ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin ◽  
Reverse Relationship ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
Important Value Index

Abstract The study about the diversity and structure of treelet vegetation in three slope areas on the mountainous forest of mount Bawakaraeng, Regency of Gowa, Province of South Sulawesi had been done. There were 17 species of treelets throughout the study area, from 13 families and 16 genera. The Asteraceae family has the highest number of species with 3 species, followed by Fabaceae and Solanaceae which each has 2 species. Pteridium aquilinum, Chromolaena odorata, Breynia oblongifolia, and Pogostemon cablin are the species with the highest important value index. The number of treelet species ranges from 15-16. Treelet species were mostly found in the flat slope area. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) ranges from 2,033-2,161 and was found to be highest on steep slopes and lowest on flat slopes. The H’ has the same tendency as Simpson’s Diversity Index and Evenness Index of Pielou (E) and reverse relationship with Simpson’s Dominance Index.

Ecosystem structure in the Brazilian Cerrado: a vegetation gradient of aboveground biomass, root mass and consumption by fire

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELMAR ANDRADE DE CASTRO ◽  
J. BOONE KAUFFMAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Tropical Evergreen Forest ◽  
Vegetation Gradient

Conversion to permanent agriculture is rapidly occurring over vast areas of the 1.8 million km2; Brazilian Cerrado; a region that is naturally a mosaic of grasslands, savannas and evergreen tropical woodlands. Yet, few studies have quantified total biomass of plant communities in this ecosystem, particularly the belowground component; a C pool of potential global significance. Total biomass (aboveground and belowground), and the quantity of biomass consumed by fires were measured in four plant communities comprising a vegetation gradient from pure grassland (campo limpo) to a woodland with a closed canopy of tall shrubs and scattered trees (cerrado denso) near Brasilia, DF, Brazil. Total aboveground biomass (TAGB) increased along this gradient from 5.5 Mg ha-1 in campo limpo to 29.4 Mg ha-1 in cerrado denso. Vegetation structure varied among communities; trees were nonexistent in campo limpo, but were at a density of 1000 ha-1 and a biomass of 12.9 Mg ha-1 in cerrado denso. Fires consumed 92 and 84% of the TAGB in campo limpo (pure grassland) and campo sujo (savanna), respectively. In cerrado aberto and cerrado denso, trees and tall shrubs were little affected by fire. Combustion factors of the TAGB in these communities was 54 and 33%, respectively. The total biomass consumed by fire ranged from 5.0 Mg ha-1 in campo limpo to 13.5 Mg ha-1 in cerrado aberto. Compared to other widespread Brazilian ecosystems (tropical dry forest and evergreen forest), the Cerrado has a lower aboveground biomass. The TAGB of cerrado denso is > 9% of that of Amazonian tropical evergreen forest. The total quantity of biomass consumed by fire, and hence emissions to the atmosphere is lower in intact Cerrado communities compared to fires in slashed tropical forest.

scholarly journals Wet Meadow Plant Communities of the Alliance Trifolion pallidi on the Southeastern Margin of the Pannonian Plain

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Andraž Čarni ◽  
Mirjana Ćuk ◽  
Igor Zelnik ◽  
Jozo Franjić ◽  
Ružica Igić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Wet Meadow ◽  
Northern Border ◽  
Pannonian Plain ◽  
The Mediterranean

The article deals with wet meadow plant communities of the alliance Trifolion pallidi that appear on the periodically inundated or waterlogged sites on the riverside terraces or gentle slopes along watercourses. These plant communities are often endangered by inappropriate hydrological interventions or management practices. All available vegetation plots representing this vegetation type were collected, organized in a database, and numerically elaborated. This vegetation type appears in the southeastern part of the Pannonian Plain, which is still under the influence of the Mediterranean climate; its southern border is formed by southern outcrops of the Pannonian Plain and its northern border coincides with the influence of the Mediterranean climate (line Slavonsko Gorje-Fruška Gora-Vršačke Planine). Numerical analysis established four plant associations—Trifolio pallidi–Alopecuretum pratensis, Ventenato dubii–Trifolietum pallidi, Ranunculo strigulosi–Alopecuretum pratensis, and Ornithogalo pyramidale–Trifolietum pallidi. Each association was elaborated in detail: diagnostic plant species, nomenclature, geographical distribution, climatic and ecological conditions, and possible division into subassociations. Results are presented in a distribution map, figures resulting from numerical analysis, and a synoptic table. The hydrological gradient was found as the most important factor shaping the studied plant communities. The article also brings new field data on this vegetation type, which has not been sampled for decades and is in process of evaluation to be included as a special habitat type in the Habitat Directive.

scholarly journals Effect of thermal activity on the differentiation of the vegetation of the “Ruda” postmining heap in Zabrze (Poland)

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hanczaruk ◽  
Agnieszka Kompała-Bąba
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Thermal Activity ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Annual Species ◽  
Spoil Heap ◽  
Spontaneous Succession ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index

This paper presents the results of a study on the vegetation of the thermally active postmining heap “Ruda” in Zabrze (Poland). The aims of the study were: (i) to show the differentiation of the vegetation that has developed as a result of the thermal activity, and (ii) to determine the effect of thermal activity of the spoil heap on species richness and species diversity of the vegetation. Twelve plant communities were recorded on the heap. Thermal activity has a statistically significant impact on species richness (<em>Z</em> = 2.13, <em>p</em> = 0.03) and species diversity (<em>Z</em> = 2.29, <em>p</em> = 0.02). The species composition of plant communities reflects the habitat conditions, which are conditioned by thermal activity. As the distance from a zone with increased thermal activity increases, the degree of the spontaneous succession of vegetation and the complexity of the vegetation increase. Moreover, the share of annual species and kenophytes decreases in favor of perennial plants and apophytes. The number of plant communities (from four to eight), their species richness (number of species from 15 to 22) and species diversity (Shannon–Wiener diversity index from 1.81 to 2.19) also increase. A DCA analysis showed an increase in the shading, humidity and pH of the substrate, and the thickness of the dead organic matter within the gradient of the thermal activity.

scholarly journals La vegetación de Isla Socorro, Archipiélago de Revillagigedo, México

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Flores Palacios ◽  
Juan E. Martínez Gómez ◽  
Robert L. Curry
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Montane Cloud Forest ◽  
Socorro Island ◽  
Insular Region

Based on physiognomic criteria and a cluster analysis based on 90 plots (14 in prairie and grassland, 35 in shrubs, 38 in forest and 3 in secondary vegetation) we classified the vegetation of Socorro Island. In addition to coastal halophytes, we found evidence supporting eight primary vegetation types: <em>Conocarpus </em> shrubby vegetation, grassland, prairie, <em>Croton masonii </em> shrubby vegetation, <em>Pteridium-Dodonaea </em> shrub, tropical dry forest, tropical rain forest and lower montane cloud forest. Prairie and grassland associations are clearly associated with altitude. Depending on the dominant tree species, three different units could be identified within the tropical rain forest of the island. Our analysis resolved differences with previous classifications of the vegetation on Socorro Island and indicated that some shrubby vegetation, sometimes considered as a different vegetation type, represented instead early succession stages of the lower montane cloud forest. The classifi cation presented constitutes a tool to aid future studies of the flora and fauna of this insular region.

scholarly journals Ensamblaje de murciélagos (Mammalia: Chiroptera) en dos zonas del departamento de Sucre, Colombia. Bat assemblages (Mammalia: Chiroptera)

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián Alonso Durán ◽  
Silfredo Canchila Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Sampling Efficiency ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
Trophic Guild ◽  
Desmodus Rotundus ◽  
Species Dominance ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phyllostomus Discolor

RESUMEN. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la estructura y composición de los ensamblajes de murciélagos en los alrededores de la Estación Meteorológica Primates (Colosó) y finca “La Flojera” (Sincelejo), en el departamento de Sucre, Colombia; desde junio de 2011 hasta marzo de 2012. La captura de los murciélagos se realizó con redes de niebla, activas entre las 18:00 a 24:00 h. Se capturaron 427 murciélagos pertenecientes a 26 especies, 17 géneros, seis subfamilias y cuatro familias taxonómicas. La familia Phyllostomidae fue la de mayor diversidad, con 20 especies y el 97.9% de todos los individuos capturados. Artibeus planirostris fue la especie más abundante con 139 individuos, luego Phyllostomus discolor con 56, Desmodus rotundus y Sturnira lilium, ambas con 37 individuos. De acuerdo con los estimadores de riqueza utilizados, la eficiencia del muestreo osciló entre un 80 y 90%. Al considerar las categorías tróficas, los murciélagos frugívoros presentaron la mayor riqueza de especies (42.3%). El valor de diversidad de Shannon-Wiener (H’) obtenido para la zona 1 (Colosó) fue de 2.4 y para la zona 2 (Sincelejo), de 2.0. La dominancia presentó su mayor valor (0.85) en la estación Primates. El análisis de similitud entre comunidades a través del índice cualitativo de Jaccard fue de 0.53. Las diferencias encontradas en ambas zonas pueden estar asociadas a las diferencias en la vegetación.ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to determine the structure and composition of two bat assemblages around the weather  station Primates and “La Flojera” farm, in the department of Sucre, Colombia, from June 2011 to March 2012. The capture of bats was performed using mist nets, active from 18:00 to 24:00 h. We captured 427 bats belonging to 26 species, 17 genera, 6 subfamilies and 4 families. The family Phyllostomidae was the most diverse with 20 species. Of all caught individuals 97.9% belonged to the Phyllostomidae family. Artibeus planirostris was the most abundant with 139 individuals followed by, in decreasing order, Phyllostomus discolor with 56, Desmodus rotundus and Sturnira lilium with 37 individuals. According to the estimates of richness the sampling efficiency ranged between 80 and 90%. The most common trophic guild was the frugivorous guild (42.3%). The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 2.40 in Primates and 2.0 in “La Flojera” farm. The species dominance was the highest (85%) in Primates Station. The similarity between the bat communities based on the index of Jaccard was 0.53. The differences found between the two bats communities can be related to differences in vegetation type at each locality.

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