Calvet's web: enlightenment and the republic of letters in eighteenth-century France

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (09) ◽  
pp. 40-5426-40-5426
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals Afterlives of the Republic of Letters: Learned Journals and Scholarly Community in the Early Nineteenth Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-116
Author(s):  
Floris Solleveld
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
Scholarly Community ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Changing Role

Abstract What happened to the Republic of Letters? Its history seems to stop at the end of the eighteenth century. And yet, in the nineteenth century, there still existed a community gathered in scholarly societies, maintaining a transnational correspondence network and filling learned journals. The term indeed becomes less frequent, but does not go entirely out of use. This article traces the afterlives of the Republic of Letters in the early nineteenth century. Specifically, it investigates texts that attempt to (re)define the Republic of Letters or a cognate, the wider diffusion of the term, and the changing role of learned journals in that period. While most attempts to reinvent the Republic of Letters failed miserably, they indicate a diagnosis of the state of learning and the position of scholars in a period of transition, and in doing so they contradict an ‘unpolitical’ conception of the Republic of Letters.

OPERE E LIBRI DI UN ASTRONOMO CARTOGRAFO DEL XVIII SECOLO: TRA ERUDIZIONE E STATO

Nuncius ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-491
Author(s):  
ANNA GIULIA CAVAGNA
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Mathematics Teacher ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Astronomical Observatory ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
Military Engineer ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
Military School ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Set Up

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title Giovanni Giacomo Marinoni (Udine 1676 - Vienna 1755), of humble origins, lived in Italy and Austria as an official of the Empire. In the early Eighteenth century he embarked upon a brillant carreer as a mathematics teacher, a topographer and a military engineer. He set up and run a military school in Vienna, partly financed by the Crown. The curriculum of the school included many new technical skills. As a cartographer and surveying instructor he was in the region of Lombardy where he defended the interests of the Austrians. He built the first Viennese astronomical observatory, again only partly financed by the Crown. He was ennobled and created Imperial counsellor. As an habitue of the Republic of Letters he corresponded with many scholars and became a member of the London, Berlin and Saint Peterburg Academies. He published his own works and owned a rich library.

‘A Religious Attention to Minutiae’: César de Missy (1703–1775) Studies the New Testament

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-202
Author(s):  
Anthony Ossa-Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
New Testament ◽  
Scholarly Activity ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
Public Scholarship ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Greek New Testament ◽  
The Republic

“This article offers a portrait of the milieu and scholarly activity of César de Missy, an assiduous and richly connected but hitherto unknown member of the Republic of Letters in eighteenth-century London. De Missy preached at Huguenot churches and collected books, especially bibles: he published little, but left a great deal of scholarship in manuscript, mostly concerned with the readings and codicology of the Greek New Testament. Perhaps his most peculiar and revealing pursuit was the minute study of scribal error in the production of manuscripts, an activity that absorbed his attention far more than its profit might seem to warrant. I argue that De Missy's fixation on the multiple histories of the scriptural text represents a private reaction to loss, turning away from the more conventional public scholarship of the Huguenot diaspora.”

August Tittel (1691–1756): The (Mis)fortunes of an Eighteenth-Century Translator

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-430
Author(s):  
Asaph Ben-Tov
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
New Testament ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
German Translation ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Republic ◽  
A Minor

August Tittel, a Lutheran pastor, translator, ‘minor author’, and fugitive, was best known to contemporaries for his German translation of Humphrey Prideaux’s The Old and New Testament Connected and for his turbulent life. Together with his printed oeuvre, Tittel’s extant correspondence, especially with his patron Ernst Salomon Cyprian, allow us a close scrutiny of the life and work of a minor and troublesome member of the Republic of Letters. Despite its peculiarities, there is much in his career which is indicative of broader trends in early eighteenth-century scholarship, e.g. networks of patronage and a German interest in Jansenist and English biblical scholarship, theology, and confessional polemics. This view of the Republic of Letters ‘from below’ sheds light on a class of minor scholars, which often evades the radar of modern scholarship, but was an essential part of the early modern Republic of Letters.

To Leibniz, from Dorha: A Khoi Prayer in the Republic of Letters

Itinerario ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Groenewald
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
First Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One

Perhaps one of the saddest consequences of the demise of traditional Khoikhoi societies during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries is the loss of their languages. Contemporary reports by visitors abound with references to how difficult the Khoi language was to learn, while at the same time commending the Khoikhoi for their ability to learn European languages. By about 1700, only half a century after Dutch colonisation, most Khoikhoi living in the colonised areas of the Western Cape could speak some form of Dutch in addition to their own language. However, the rapid spread of European settlers deeper into the interior, on the one hand, and the acculturation of the Khoikhoi and their inclusion in the colonial polity and economy, on the other hand, meant that by the end of the eighteenth century Khoi was spoken only on the fringes of the Cape colony. Cape Khoi was increasingly replaced by (a form of) Dutch as the first language of the native inhabitants of the Cape. Thus, on his tour of Southern Africa in 1803-1806, Heinrich Lichtenstein could observe that ‘on the borders alone are some Hottentots to be found who speak their own lariguage; but among them several foreign words are introduced, spoken with the Hottentot accent and snort’. Cape Khoi was by this stage rapidly dying out.

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