Household food insecurity and associated factors in rural communities: A case of Kilosa District, Tanzania

Food insecurity and hunger are major challenges in many Ethiopian communities with repercussions on health and nutrition outcomes in vulnerable household members. The level and contextual risk factors of household food insecurity and hunger were assessed in households (n=630) from three rural communities of Ethiopia (Halaba or Zeway) using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale and Household Hunger Scale. Multiple classification analysis was employed to explore the effects of key demand (e.g. household size, livestock) and supply (e.g. land size, frequency of production) factors and community (geographic location) as well as institutional (participation in food security programs) factors on food insecurity and hunger. Household food insecurity was unacceptably high in both districts (95% in Halaba & 67% in Zeway). Household hunger was 38% in Halaba and 18% in Zeway. Both food insecurity and hunger were significantly greater in Halaba (p<0.001), indicating an effect of geographic location. Both supply and demand factors were significant in determining household food insecurity and hunger (p<0.01); however, supply factors such as women’s access to land, land size and wealth had greater influence than the demand factors. Levels of food insecurity and hunger in both communities were very high and of serious concern. We recommend increasing the food supply, and its subsequent accessibility, for households through enhancing women’s access to land, improving income through savings and wealth accumulation, introducing more inclusive programs for women’s participation and reducing household work-burden by significantly enhancing productivity of cultivable land.

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Rural and Urban Differences in Household Food Insecurity and Diet Diversity of Preschool Children (PSC) in Occidental Mindoro

Acta Medica Philippina ◽

10.47895/amp.v54i5.2254 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Kim Leonard G. Dela Luna ◽

Ernani R. Bullecer

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Preschool Children ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Urban Communities ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Household Food Insecurity ◽

Household Food ◽

Rural And Urban

Objective. Rural and urban differences affect food availability, accessibility, and sustainability; thus, it has a greatimpact on household food security and dietary diversity. The relationship between the human environment andother factors threatens different domains of food systems resulting in food security. The objective of this study isto determine significant differences between the prevalence of household food security and diet diversity betweenurban and rural communities in Occidental Mindoro. Specifically, to determine the pattern of usual food intake ofpreschool children between rural and urban communities Methods. This study utilized a comparative, cross-sectional, analytic study design in order to determine theprevalence of each variable of interest in the two study areas. Radimer-Cornell Tool was utilized to assess the foodsecurity status of the household while the FAO-Dietary Diversity Score Questionnaire was used to the diversityof diet among PSC. A total of 480 (rural: n=240; urban: n=240) preschool children were recruited to participatein this study. Ratio and proportion using the point and interval estimate were used to determine the prevalencein different areas, meanwhile, chi-square of homogeneity was used to determine significant difference in the twoareas under study. Results. Food insecurity in rural communities was found to be at 56.25% (95% CI: 49.97% to 62.53%) while theprevalence in urban communities was 45.83% (95% CI: 39.53% to 52.14%). There was a significant differencein the prevalence of household food insecurity between rural and urban communities (p=0.0224). Meanwhile,the prevalence of less dietary diversity among preschool children in rural communities was 37.08% (95%: 30.97%to 43.19%) and 26.25% (CI: 20.68% to 31.82%) for urban communities. There was a significant differencein prevalence of low dietary diversity score among preschool children between rural and urban communities(p=0.0107). Conclusion. There were significant differences in terms of household food insecurity and less diverse dietbetween two community settings. Higher prevalence in rural areas signifies that there is a need to prioritize thesevulnerable communities in terms of hunger mitigation and nutrition programs. A combination of milk-rice-meat-fishwas observed in the diet of preschool children for both communities however, higher prevalence of less dietarydiversity was detected among rural communities.

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Household food insecurity among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and its associated factors in South India: a cross-sectional analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033798 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. e033798 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Reshma Ayiraveetil ◽

Sonali Sarkar ◽

Palanivel Chinnakali ◽

Kathiresan Jeyashree ◽

Mathavaswami Vijayageetha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Insecurity ◽

Associated Factors ◽

South India ◽

Household Food Insecurity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pulmonary Tb ◽

Cross Sectional Analysis ◽

Household Food ◽

Sectional Analysis ◽

Prevalence Ratios

ObjectivesFood insecurity is ‘the limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate, safe foods or inability to acquire foods in socially acceptable ways’. Majority of tuberculosis (TB) cases of resource-poor settings experience food insecurity, which impacts treatment adherence and outcomes. We aimed to determine level of household food insecurity (HFI) and its associated factors in patients with pulmonary TB.DesignThis is a cross-sectional analysis of data from an ongoing cohort study.SettingNational Tuberculosis Programme (NTP) in three districts of South India.ParticipantsAll newly diagnosed pulmonary TB cases of the cohort enrolled in the NTP at the Designated Microscopy Centres (DMCs) and Primary Health Centres (PHCs) from October 2015 to October 2018.Primary outcome measuresThe proportion of baseline HFI assessed using a validated HFI Access Scale was summarised as percentage with 95% CI. Possible association of sociodemographic, morbidity and behavioural characteristics with HFI was assessed using χ2test, and unadjusted prevalence ratios with 95% CI were calculated. The characteristics with values of p<0.2 in the univariate model were included in the multivariable generalised linear model (binomial function, log link) to derive adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) with 95% CI.ResultOf a total of 765 patients, 261 had HFI and the proportion was 34.1% (95% CI 30.8% to 37.6%). Mild, moderate and severe food insecurity was found in 17 (2.2%), 67 (8.8%) and 177 (23.1%) TB cases, respectively. Patients with TB who had monthly family income less than rupees 3000 (aPR 2.0; 95% CI 1.3 to 3.0), Karnofsky Score of 60 or less (aPR 1.5; 95% CI 1.1 to 1.9) and those who were employed (aPR 1.4; 95% CI 1.0 to 2.0) were independently associated with HFI.ConclusionsA high level of food insecurity was seen in households with TB cases. Additional food or cash assistance for this subgroup might improve food insecurity and thereby nutritional status.

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An application of the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale to assess food security in rural communities of Nepal

Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies ◽

10.1002/app5.270 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 130-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rishikesh Pandey ◽

Douglas K. Bardsley

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Household Food Insecurity ◽

Household Food ◽

Food Insecurity Access

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Magnitude and associated factors of household food insecurity in Fedis Woreda East Hararghe zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia

Agriculture & Food Security ◽

10.1186/s40066-017-0140-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mahlet Mulugeta ◽

Gebeyaw Tiruneh ◽

Zewdie Aderaw Alemu

Keyword(s):

Food Insecurity ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Household Food Insecurity ◽

Household Food

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Underweight and associated factors among children under five years in North Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia: An observational community-based study

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.55680.1 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 39

Author(s):

Tamiru Yazew

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Household Food Security ◽

P Value ◽

Household Food Insecurity ◽

Community Based ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Household Food

Background Acute and chronic child undernutrition is a continuous problem in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was initiated to compare the prevalence of underweight and its associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in the Kuyu district, North Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. Methods An observational community-based study was conducted on 612 children (304 from household security and 308 from household food insecurity). A structured and standardize questionnaire was used in this study. Anthropometric measurements were generated using WHO standardize. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent variables associated with underweight (weight-for-age) among children in household food security and insecurity, a p value less than 0.05 with 95%CI was considered as statistically significant. Results The results indicated that 30.9% [95%CI; 25.7, 36.2] and 36.7% [95% CI; 31.8, 42.5] of children were underweight for their age in household food security and insecurity. Low wealth status (AOR=3.2; 95%CI: 1.099, 9.275), poor dietary diets (AOR=5.2; 95%CI: 2.046, 13.27), and lack of breastfeeding for two years (AOR= 2.1; 95%CI= 1.78, 5, 42) were associated with underweight children in household food security. Whereas lack of antenatal care visits (AOR=0.52; 95%CI: 0.12, 0.68) and poor dietary diets (AOR=3.01; 95%CI= 2.1, 17.4) were other independent variables associated with underweight children in household food insecurity. Conclusions This study established that there was a high prevalence of underweight in children from Oromia. Therefore, introducing household income generating activities are vital interventions in order to overcome the problem of undernutrition in this region.

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