Study of Pattern of Skull Fractures in the Victims of Unnatural Deaths Due to Head Injury Caused by Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) at Kanpur, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Sushil Kumar ◽  
Alok Kumar ◽  
Archana Verma
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Skull Fractures ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents

scholarly journals The estimated cost of surgically managed isolated traumatic head injury secondary to road traffic accidents

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. E7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinli You ◽  
Boon S. Liew ◽  
Azmin K. Rosman ◽  
Kamarul Imran Musa ◽  
Zamzuri Idris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Cost

OBJECTIVETraumatic brain injury due to road traffic accidents occurs mainly in the younger age group in which injury-related disability leads to long-term impact on employment and economic and social consequences across the lifespan. This study was designed to assign a monetary cost (in Malaysian ringgits [RM]) to the treatment of patients with surgically treated isolated traumatic head injury as determined up to 1 year after injury.METHODSRelevant resource items used were identified and valued using the direct measurement of costs method, cost accounting methods, standard unit costs method, fees, charges and/or market prices method. These values were then tabulated to generate the total costs for each patient, via a combination of macro-costing and micro-costing methods. Malaysian currency values were converted to US dollars according to the average conversion rate for the period from January to May 2016: RM1 = US$0.2452.RESULTSThis costing study analyzed data from 49 patients. The estimated cost for the 1st year of care for all patients was RM1,471,919.80 (US$360,914.735), with a mean (± SD) cost per case of RM30,039.18 ± 22,986.25 or $7365.61 ± $5636.23. The mean cost of care per case was RM11,041.35 ± 10,936.88 or $2707.34 ± $2681.72 for mild head injury, RM32,550.00 ± 20,998.76 or $7981.26 ± $5148.90 for moderate head injury, and RM36,917.86 ± 23,697.34 or $9052.26 ± $5810.59 for severe head injury. Severe head injury (p = 0.001), sustaining 2 or more intracranial pathologies (p = 0.01), having a poor Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score (GOS score 1–3) (p = 0.02), requiring a tracheostomy (p < 0.001), and contracting pneumonia (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher cost. Logistic regression analysis revealed that cost of care increased by RM591.60 or $145.06 per year increment of age (β = RM591.60, p = 0.05).CONCLUSIONSThe mean cost of treatment for traumatic head injury is high compared to the per capita income of RM37,900 in 2016. The cost values generated in this study provide baseline cost estimates that the authors hope will be used as a guide to determine where adequate funding should be allocated to provide timely and appropriate delivery of care.

scholarly journals Investigating the Association between Orthopedic Fractures and Head Injury due to Road Traffic Accidents

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mubarak Ali Algahtany
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Orthopedic Injury ◽  
Tertiary Center

Background. Traumatic head injury (THI) due to road traffic accidents (RTAs) is a global health problem. Studies exploring the association between RTA-related THI and concurrent orthopedic fractures are lacking. We aim to provide a detailed analysis of this association and its impact on inhospital outcomes. Methods. Retrospective analysis of RTA-related THI associated with orthopedic fractures admitted to a large tertiary center, Southwest, Saudi Arabia, over ten years. Descriptive statistics for participant demographics and clinical outcomes were represented by percentages. The associations between head injury diagnosis or orthopedic fractures region and patient demographics are analyzed using the Chi-square test. Post hoc analysis for the significant Chi-square values was carried out by calculating the significant adjusted residuals. Adjust p value was obtained by using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure to control for multiplicity testing. A p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. Concurrent orthopedic fractures are present in one-tenth of RTA-related THI. The cohort was dominated by young males, with 46.5% of the population between 18 and 29 years old. There was a significant association between the head injury diagnosis and the region of orthopedic fracture ( p = 0.028 ). The type of head injury had significant associations with mortality and duration of hospital stay ( p = 0.039 and p = 0.037 , respectively). The region of orthopedic fracture significantly ( p = 0.018 ) affected the duration of hospital stay, with fractures in the clavicle/shoulder region significantly ( p = 0.035 ) having a short course of hospital admission. Conclusion. Orthopedic fractures concomitant with RTA-related THI are common. The associations between the two injuries tend to happen in specific patterns. The inhospital stay duration and mortality significantly correlated with the site of the head or orthopedic injury. Knowledge of these patterns improves the care of THI victims, triaging, and resource allocations.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC STUDY OF DEATHS DUE TO ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS, EXAMINED IN DR. S.N. MEDICAL COLLEGE, JODHPUR (RAJ.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kana Ram Patel ◽  
Jagdish Jugtawat ◽  
Shalender Kumar ◽  
P.C. Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Subdural Hemorrhage ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male To Female

Accidents are not due to external factors all the time but often they occur due to failure of control of self-conscience and free thoughts. Road Traffic Accidents is still the major cause of death worldwide including India. A retrospective study has been conducted in Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur (Raj.), in the year 2019 to study the pattern and distribution of Head Injuries of fatal road traffic accidents and to prepare the demographic profile of it. Out of total 901 cases, male to female ratio was 9:1, and commonest age group affected was 21-30 years (39.8%). Among total victims, Hindus were 748 (83%) and rests were Muslims 103 (11.4%) and other religions. Head injury was the most common injury, present alone in 509 cases (56.4%) and in 392 (43.6) cases along with other injuries. Skull fractures were found in 451 (50.5), in which linear/fissure fracture (32.9%) was most common. Most common bone fractured was temporal bone. The commonest variety of intracranial hemorrhage was subdural hemorrhage and craniotomy was done in 29 (3.2%) cases. Keywords: Accidents, Road traffic, Head injury, Fractures.

Socio-demographic profile of head injury victims in road traffic accidents, an autopsy based study at SAMC & PGI, Indore

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Neha Jain ◽  
Abhishek Varun ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Mishra ◽  
Jitendra Singh Tomar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Demographic Profile

Head Injury Simulation in Road Traffic Accidents

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio A. O. Fernandes ◽  
Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa ◽  
Mariusz Ptak
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents

Head Injury Pattern in Fatal Road Traffic Accidents

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
D P Singh ◽  
Navin Kumar ◽  
Mayank Gupta ◽  
Manoj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Injury Pattern ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents

scholarly journals Study of cases of head injury in a government hospital in rural Indian setting

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 3252
Author(s):  
Vinod Pusdekar ◽  
Sandeep Ambedkar ◽  
Ritesh Bodade
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Government Hospital ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gcs Score

Background: Head injury can be defined as trauma in which the head is struck or moves violently, resulting in transient or permanent alteration of consciousness of an individual. We profiled and analyzed the cases of head injuries reporting to a government hospital a rural Indian setting.Methods: All the patients with history of antecedent head injury were firstly assessed by detailed history, with emphasis on history of unconsciousness/vomiting/convulsions/ENT bleed. Then a thorough clinical examination was undertaken, including Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scoring. Further, all the patients were subjected to CT scan of head for correlation of clinical findings, confirmation of diagnosis, delineation of extent of disease and suitability of operative intervention etc.Results: Majority of the patients belonged to 15-44 years age group (30, 60%) and were males (38, 76%). Road traffic accidents accounted for majority (38, 76%) of the cases. GCS score was found to range between 13-15 (mild) in 18 (36%) patients, 9-12 (moderate) in 21 (42%) patients and 3-8 (severe) in 11 (22%) patients. Best recovery (88%) was shown by patients of GCS score between 13-15. Among the critical symptoms and signs, unconsciousness and abnormal plantar reflex were the commonest ones. Generalized cerebral edema without associated lesion (50%) was the commonest finding followed by extradural hematoma (EDH) (40%) on CT scan of head. As for recovery w.r.t. CT scan findings, highest rate of recovery (100%) was reported in patients with fracture without intracranial pathology, while highest mortality was reported in those having mixed lesion (90%).Conclusions: Road traffic accidents in young age group is the commonest mode of head injury and GCS score is a good predictor of recovery in head injury cases.

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