scholarly journals Characterization of natural silicate garnets by means of non-destructive testing methods

Chemija ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Balčiūnaitė ◽  
Ilja Ignatjev ◽  
Donatas Kaminskas ◽  
Gediminas Niaura ◽  
Eugenijus Norkus
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Blue Colour ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Natural Silicate ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Light Green

Two kinds of natural silicate garnets from the known origin countries were investigated: pyralspites – pyrope (Russia), almandine (India), rhodolite (India), spessartine (India), blue colour-change garnet (Sri Lanka), and ugrandites – andradite (Russia), demantoid (Russia), topazolite (Russia), rainbow garnet (Japan), grossular (Kenya-Tanzania), colourless grossular (India), light orange grossular (India), dark green tsavorite (Tanzania), medium green tsavorite (Kenya), light green tsavorite (Kenya), orange hessonite (Sri Lanka), pink hessonite (Sri Lanka), cinnamon hessonite (India) and uvarovite (Russia). The chemical composition of the garnets was performed with a scanning electron microscope. The physical properties such as specific gravity and refractive index were measured for the majority of garnets investigated. The spectroscopic meth­ods – visible light absorption spectrophotometry, Raman spectroscopy and cathodoluminiscence microscopy – were applied for the characterization of the mentioned natural silicate garnets.

A New Fuzzy Geometrical Approach to Classify Defects in Composite Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Matteo Cacciola ◽  
Salvatore Calcagno ◽  
Fabio La Foresta ◽  
Mario Versaci
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Geometrical Approach ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Fuzzy Distance ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Heuristic Technique ◽  
Non Destructive

It is well known that in the Non Destructive Testing/Evaluation (NDT/E) context, Ultrasonic Echoes (UEs) and Tests (UTs) are intensively exploited to identify and characterize defects in the Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP). This paper examines the localization and the classification of defects in this material from a fuzzy geometrical point of view. In particular, starting from an experimental campaign of measurements carried out in our Lab (Laboratory of Electrical Engineering & Non-Destructive Tests and Evaluations, “Mediterranea” University of Reggio Calabria), fuzzy subsethood calculus is taken into account to translate the characterization of a defect in CFRP into a sort of “fuzzy distance” among UEs. Finally, the floor is open for any questions related to the comparison with a higher computational complexity heuristic technique.

Characterization of Silicate Ceramics Using Ultrasonics Test Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 194-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semra Kurama ◽  
Elif Eren Gültekin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Ultrasonic Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Non Destructive

Non-destructive testing techniques are widely used for testing ceramic materials. In our studies, two different types of ultrasonic test methods (A-scan and C-Scan) were investigated as non-destructive testing methods for characterization of porcelain tiles. Tiles were sintered in different temperatures to change their porosity and density properties. By changing of ultrasonic time and velocity related with samples’ some physical properties (such as bulk density, apparent density, apparent porosity (%), water absorption (%)) inspected via contact A-scan ultrasonic test method. The results show that without necessity of traditional test methods, some physical properties of ceramics can be determined by using obtained ultrasonic velocity-bulk density, apparent density, apparent porosity (%) and water absorption (%) calibration plots. Additionally, various defects were inspected in samples by using water immersion ultrasonic C-scan method. These results supported this study to obtain the information about defects’ size and place in the ceramic tiles. To support this non-destructive method results scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterization was done and images give the information about the place of the defect.

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