Outcome of Bone Tuberculosis in Children in Rural India - A case series

SUMMARYDrug-resistant paediatric tuberculosis (TB) is an overlooked global problem. In Italy, the epidemiology of TB has recently changed and data regarding drug-resistant forms in the paediatric setting is scanty. The aim of this case series was to report the cases of drug-resistant TB, diagnosed between June 2006 and July 2010 in four Italian tertiary centres for paediatric infectious diseases, in children and adolescents living in Italy. Twenty-two children were enrolled, of these 17 were resistant to one or more drugs and five had multidrug-resistant TB. All but one child were either foreign born or had at least one foreign parent. Twenty-one patients completed their treatment without clinical or radiological signs of activity at the end of treatment, and one patient was lost to follow up. The outcomes were good, with few adverse effects using second-line anti-TB drugs. Although this series is limited, it might already reflect the worrisome increase of drug-resistant TB, even in childhood.

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A case series of study of childhood psychological trauma and alexithymia among persons with alcohol dependence syndrome attending inpatient de-addiction facility from central rural India

Annals of Indian Psychiatry ◽

10.4103/aip.aip_37_21 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 0

Author(s):

AjinkyaSureshrao Ghogare ◽

PradeepShriram Patil ◽

GanpatlalKodarbhai Vankar

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Case Series ◽

Psychological Trauma ◽

Rural India ◽

Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

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Combined Use of Gastric Aspirate and Induced Sputum Increases the Microbiological Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Children

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1709660 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (05) ◽

pp. 217-222

Author(s):

Santiago Atehortúa-Muñoz ◽

Andrea Cardona-Moreno ◽

Laura Niño-Quiroga ◽

Javier Contreras-Ortiz ◽

Catalina Arango-Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Analytical Study ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Case Series ◽

Positive Culture ◽

Induced Sputum ◽

Gastric Aspirate ◽

Isolation Rate ◽

Combined Use ◽

Tuberculosis In Children

Abstract Objective Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in pediatrics is a challenge due to the paucibacillary condition of the disease in this population, low sputum expectoration, and diverse unspecific symptomatology. Mycobacterial isolation through culture remains a priority. The objective of this study is to explore gastric aspirates and induced sputum techniques in the pediatric population for positivity on mycobacterial cultures. Methods In this observational analytical study, two temporal groups were evaluated. A comparison of the isolation rate defined as positive culture confirmation by gastric aspirate (GA), induced sputum (IS), or combination of these both techniques in children under 10 years of age. The study included 86 children, 37 in the first evaluated study group and 49 in the second group. Discussion Culture positivity was 10.8 and 30.6% for the first and second case series, respectively. These findings showed that the combination of GA and IS in two consecutive days yielded a significantly higher detection rate to confirm pulmonary tuberculosis by culture. Conclusion The combination of GA plus IS samples for collection of M. tuberculosis culture can be a useful, nonexpensive, and safe diagnostic tool in low- and middleincome countries to diagnose tuberculosis in children.

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