La déclaration de la victime au tribunal : évaluation de l’expérience du Palais de Justice de Montréal

In October 1987, an experimental program was introduced in the Montreal Law Courts, inviting victims of crime and personal attack, as well as victims of burglary, to inform the Court of the consequences they suffered because of these acts; the program was called the Déclaration de la victime. An evaluative study of this experiment was initiated at the same time. The article presents some results : the response of the victims when offered the opportunity of taking part in the judicial debate, the content of the declarations, their use by the members of the Court, their possible influence on the proceedings and on the judicial decisions.

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Regarding the Eisagogeus (εισαγωευς) At Ptolemaic Law Courts

Journal of Egyptian History ◽

10.1163/187416608784118802 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 3-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Schafik Allam

Keyword(s):

The State ◽

Active Part ◽

Central Administration ◽

Legal Proceedings ◽

Judicial Decisions ◽

Judicial Proceedings ◽

The Law ◽

Law Courts

AbstractIn viewing the documents relative to the Ptolemaic jurisdiction we come across an official with a title transcribed into Demotic, but which apparently corresponds to the Greek designation εισαγωευς. This official is mentioned in conjunction with judicial proceedings. His functions were to introduce cases before the judges and to take actions in concert with them; and his bailiff was empowered to enforce judicial decisions. Since the eisagogeus represented the central administration, we may postulate that he was regarded as a royal functionary acting as a liaison man with the law courts. My concern is to point out an official in the pre-Ptolemaic administration who had to play the same role. In the judicial machine of Pharaonic times many a scribe played an active part, not only in writing down the records. In reality he used to act in legal proceedings from start to finish. In grave situations he had to communicate directly with the highest office in the State (that of the vizier); and even at the great council (qnbt) held by the vizier, the scribe officiated sometimes as prosecutor. We come to the conclusion that it is likely that the position of the Hellenistic eisagogeus was no more than the continuation of a much older Pharaonic institution.

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The Context of Common Law

Comparative Law ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198791355.003.0005 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 227-358

Author(s):

Uwe Kischel

Keyword(s):

Legal System ◽

Common Law ◽

Legal Principles ◽

Legal Rules ◽

Judicial Decisions ◽

The Common ◽

The Law ◽

Law Courts ◽

Individual Decisions ◽

Working Out

This chapter focuses on common law. The common law is distinguished as a legal system developed by cases—that is, by judicial decisions. Put simply, the common law judge derives the law from previous decision of other judges. Even more importantly, common law courts typically do not create abstract legal rules to decide future cases. The method of the common law is not focused on deductively deriving results from general legal principles, but rather on inductively working out principles from individual decisions. This means that only judges themselves remain as creators of law. According to this view, common law would actually be judge-made law, a view also common among comparative lawyers.

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13. Implication

JC Smith's The Law of Contract ◽

10.1093/he/9780198807810.003.0013 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Paul S. Davies

Keyword(s):

Judicial Decisions ◽

Law Courts

This chapter examines whether a term should be imported into the contract, although it was never expressed in words; should the term be implied? A term can be implied into a particular contract because it’s necessary to give effect to the parties’ intentions. This is known as ‘implication in fact’. Whether a term should be implied ‘in fact’ has traditionally depended upon whether the term was so obvious to both parties that it went without saying, or whether the term was necessary to give ‘business efficacy’ to the contract. A term might be implied ‘in law’ into all contracts of a particular type. Such terms might be implied as a result of statute or judicial decisions. Where a judge decides that a term should be implied ‘in law’, courts can take into account policy reasons when deciding whether an implied term is necessary for the type of contract at issue.

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13. Implication

10.1093/he/9780198853503.003.0013 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 184-195

Author(s):

Paul S. Davies

Keyword(s):

Judicial Decisions ◽

Law Courts

This chapter examines whether a term should be imported into the contract, although it was never expressed in words; should the term be implied? A term can be implied into a particular contract because it is necessary to give effect to the parties’ intentions. This is known as ‘implication in fact’. Whether a term should be implied ‘in fact’ has traditionally depended upon whether the term was so obvious to both parties that it went without saying, or whether the term was necessary to give ‘business efficacy’ to the contract. A term might be implied ‘in law’ into all contracts of a particular type. Such terms might be implied as a result of statute or judicial decisions. Where a judge decides that a term should be implied ‘in law’, courts can take into account policy reasons when deciding whether an implied term is necessary for the type of contract at issue.

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The 1-MeV Electron Microscope Installation at the University of Colorado

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100070485 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 8-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mircea Fotino

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Developmental Biology ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

National Institutes Of Health ◽

Experimental Program ◽

University Of Colorado ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

The University ◽

Research Resources

A new 1-MeV transmission electron microscope (Model JEM-1000) was installed at the Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology of the University of Colorado in Boulder during the summer and fall of 1972 under the sponsorship of the Division of Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health. The installation was completed in October, 1972. It is installed primarily for the study of biological materials without many of the limitations hitherto unavoidable in standard transmission electron microscopy. Only the technical characteristics of the installation are briefly reviewed here. A more detailed discussion of the experimental program under way is being published elsewhere.

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