scholarly journals THE COLONIZATION OF GERMAN NATIONAL MINORITY AND ITS SACRED ARCHITECTURE IN REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA

AГГ+ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Malinović ◽  
Milijana Okilj ◽  
Ljubiša Preradović
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
National Minority ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Sacred Architecture ◽  
Spatial Identity

The arrival of the Austro-Hungarian authorities to Bosnia and Herzegovina after the Congress of Berlin in 1878, created the preconditions for the inhabitation of people from all over the Habsburg Monarchy to the territory of BIH. The members of the German national minority had the most benefits and the most organized system of arrival, and due to the convenience of arable land and planned settlement, all German colonies were formed on the territory of today’s Republic of Srpska. Germans who came, retained their national, religious and cultural identity, and immediately upon arrival began to build and help the churches and convents, belonging both to Roman-Catholic and Evangelical denominations, contributing to the establishment of the spatial identity and architectural landscape. The sacred buildings, whose architecture and historical development are the topic of this paper, are largely preserved to this day.

scholarly journals THE POLISH NATIONAL MINORITY AND ITS SACRED ARCHITECTURE IN THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA

AГГ+ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Malinović ◽  
Milijana Okilj ◽  
Ljubiša Preradović
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
National Minority ◽  
Sacred Architecture ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Banja Luka

The topic of this paper is the arrival of the Polish national minority to the territory of today’s Republic of Srpska and the architecture of its sacred buildings. The Poles colonized Bosnia and Herzegovina shortly after the Austro-Hungarian Empire had occupied this territory in 1878. The Poles, like many other colonized minorities, built churches that served not only as  sacred buildings, but as monuments to their culture, language, and national identity as well. After WWII, the majority of the Poles were repatriated, with the highest rate among all minorities in former Yugoslavia. Many of their churches, which are the topic of this paper, were demolished during and after WWII, with only one remaining northern from Banja Luka. 

scholarly journals THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL MINORITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA

AГГ+ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milijana Okilj ◽  
Ljubiša Preradović ◽  
Miroslav Malinović
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
National Minority ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Sacred Architecture ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Architectural Evaluation ◽  
The Republic

The territory of the Republic of Srpska is well-known for a large number of foreign colonies formed after 1878. Foreigners from all over the Austro-Hungarian Empire were settled in the northern parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, today covering the municipalities in the Republic of Srpska. The most dominant group among all national minorities was the Ukrainian. This paper deals with their sacred architecture, which significantly contributes to the image of architecture in the Republic of Srpska. Common properties, the historical context and background ideas are shown, along with selected examples of representative pieces of architecture, followed by a historical and architectural evaluation. Moreover, a note on the number of demolished sacred buildings is given, completing this paper that originally contributes to the historical research and analysis of architecture in this region.

Youthful victimization in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina: A multi-level analysis of a national sample

2021 ◽  
pp. 147737082098882
Author(s):  
Carter Rees ◽  
L Thomas Winfree
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Eastern Orthodox ◽  
Group Threat ◽  
Peace Accord ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Post War ◽  
Threat Theory

Intra-national conflicts with racial or ethnic elements can complicate post-war reconciliation. From 1992 to 1995, much of the former Yugoslavia, a nation largely drawn from three distinct ethnic groups, was embroiled in such a conflict. After the signing of the Dayton Peace Accord, it was feared that schools would become a surrogate battlefield for school-aged children within the newly created nation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Group threat theory and the imbalance of power thesis provide differing views on such conflicts. Group threat theory posits that as a population – in this case a school – approaches maximum ethnic diversity, the residents – in this case the students – will feel increasingly threatened, resulting in higher cross-group victimizations. The imbalance of power thesis suggests that a group’s decision to victimize another group depends on the relative lack of ethnic diversity: The extent to which one ethnic group dominates a school, the likelihood of victimization of any smaller groups increases. We explore which of these two theories best explains victimization levels within a sample of 2003 school-aged BiH adolescents born in areas dominated by Muslim Bosnians, Eastern Orthodox Serbians, or Roman Catholic Croatians. We find that there is an ethnic component to victimizations: students born in Serbia face higher levels of victimization than do their Bosnian-born counterparts under conditions that fit better with group threat theory than the imbalance of power thesis. We speculate about the significance of these findings for national ethnic harmony in BiH.

On the Intrinsic Value of Arabic in Israel—Challenging Kymlicka on Language Rights

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meital Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
General Question ◽  
National Minority ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Language Rights ◽  
Linguistic Minorities ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Intrinsic Interest ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Israeli Arabs

In the postcolonial era, we have witnessed waves of mass immigration. Consequently, many states are no longer associated with just one or two national languages. Newly formed immigrant minorities raise demands for language rights, alongside national minorities, which raise similar demands.Such a complex situation exists, for example, in Canada, where only French and English are declared official languages although there are other languages, such as Chinese, which are spoken by large communities of people. My paper addresses the general question of which linguistic minorities are most entitled to comprehensive language rights. Will Kymlicka distinguishes between national minorities, which he regards as deserving of comprehensive language rights, and immigrant minorities which are not. Many scholars challenge Kymlicka’s distinction. However, none of them have suggested alternative criteria for distinguishing minority languages that are entitled to protection from minority languages that are less entitled to protection. In my paper, I suggest such a criterion. My alternative criterion is based on the intrinsic interest people have in protecting their own language as the marker of their cultural identity, thus, comprehensive language rights are to be accorded to linguistic minorities that possess the strongest intrinsic interest in the protection of their language as their marker of cultural identity. I apply my criterion to the Israeli case, in which there are two dominant linguistic minorities: the Arab national minority and the Jewish Russian immigrant minority. Relying on general criticism of Kymlicka’s distinction, I argue that this distinction is not applicable to the Israeli linguistic case. Applying my alternative criterion to the Israeli case, I argue that Israeli Arabs have a stronger interest in Arabic than the Russian Jewish minority has in Russian because Arabic constitutes Israeli Arabs’ exclusive marker of identity.

scholarly journals Migration and Memorials: Irish Cultural Identity in Early Nineteenth-Century Lowell, Massachusetts

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-341
Author(s):  
Colm Donnelly ◽  
Eileen Murphy ◽  
Dave McKean ◽  
Lynne McKerr
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Industrial Town ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
Nineteenth Century United States ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractLowell is considered as the birthplace of the industrial revolution in the early nineteenth-century United States. Originating in 1822, the new textile factories harnessed the waters of the Merrimack River using a system of canals, dug and maintained by laborers. While this work employed many local Yankees, it also attracted groups of emigrant Irish workers. Grave memorials are a valuable source of information concerning religious and ethnic identity and an analysis of the slate headstones contained within Yard One of St Patrick’s Cemetery, opened in 1832, provides insight into the mindset of this migrant community. The headstones evolved from contemporary Yankee memorials but incorporated Roman Catholic imagery, while the inclusion of shamrocks and details of place of origin on certain memorials attests to a strong sense of Irish identity. The blatant display of such features at a time of ethnic and religious sectarian tensions in Massachusetts demonstrates the confidence that the Irish had of their place in the new industrial town.

scholarly journals The Historical Development Of Strategic Planning Theories

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Val Candy ◽  
Jean Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Roman Catholic Church ◽  
The Church

This paper discusses both broad historical and philosophical theories of strategic management, as well as specific communication and human resource management theories and practices. It concludes with an application chapter emphasizing how the Roman Catholic Church needs to develop a strategy to integrate learning and innovation in order to reconcile and communicate its central message locally. Although built upon a hierarchical and organizational culture, where strict obedience to institutional directives dominates the communities it serves, the diversity within the Church is forcing the Vatican to ensure specialized sub-cultures are not polarized.

scholarly journals The Influence of Bosnian Islam on the Identity of Slovenian Muslims

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Urška Flisar
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Population Census

The article focuses on the identity of Slovenian Muslims. The Population Census in Slovenia shows that the majority of Slovenian Muslims by ethnicity are defined as Bosniaks, Muslims or Bosnians. All three national classifications are defined by migrants from Bosnia and Herzegovina (B-H). In recent times, religion has had a significant influence on the formation of the identity of Muslims in both B-H and in Slovenia, characterized by nationalism and culture. The primary characteristic of the population of B-H is its heterogeneity. Thus, religious identity has always been evenly tied to its national and political identity. However, we must not ignore the fact that Bosnian Islam has always been different from Islam on other continents, which is especially evident in the local manners and ways of everyday life. The influence of religion is derived from the reality of religious practices that individuals have adapted to their cultural identity. In this discussion, we will attempt to identitfy those connections that relate to Slovene Islam in Muslim religious practice.

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