The potential urinary aging markers of 20-month-old rats

10.7287/peerj.preprints.1494v2 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Youhe Gao ◽

Xundou Li

Keyword(s):

Biomarker Discovery ◽

Disease Biomarkers ◽

Urinary Proteome ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

Human Orthologs ◽

Human Protein Atlas ◽

Aging Conditions ◽

Old Rats ◽

Spectral Counts ◽

Standard Protein

Urine is a very good source for biomarker discovery because it accumulates the changes of body. The urinary proteome is influenced by various factors, which is a major challenge in urinary biomarker discovery. To circumvent these problems, simpler systems, such as animal models, should be used to establish associations between physiological or pathological conditions and changes in the urinary proteome. In this study, the urinary proteome of young (2-month-old) and old rats (20-month-old; 9 in each group) were analyzed using LC-MS/MS and quantified using the Progenesis LC-MS software. A total of 371 proteins were identified, 194 of which were shared between young and old rats. Based on the criteria of a fold change ≥ 2, P < 0.05 and being identified in each rat in the high abundance group, 33 proteins were changed (15 up-regulated and 18 down-regulated in old rats). By adding a more stringent standard (protein spectral counts from every rat in the higher group greater than those in the lower group), 8 proteins were changed consistently in all rats of between the groups, 2 of which are also altered in the urinary proteome of aging humans. There are no shared proteins between our results and the previous aging plasma proteome. Twenty of the 33 (60 %) changed proteins have been reported to be disease biomarkers, which implies that aging may share similar urinary changes with some diseases. The 33 proteins corresponded to 28 human orthologs, which are strongly expressed in the kidney, intestine, cerebellum and lung, according to the human protein ATLAS. Therefore, the urinary proteome may reflect aging conditions in these organs.

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The potential urinary aging markers of 20-month-old rats

10.7287/peerj.preprints.1494v1 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Youhe Xundou Gao ◽

Xundou Xundou Li

Keyword(s):

Biomarker Discovery ◽

Disease Biomarkers ◽

Urinary Proteome ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

Human Orthologs ◽

Human Protein Atlas ◽

Aging Conditions ◽

Old Rats ◽

Spectral Counts ◽

Standard Protein

Urine is a very good source for biomarker discovery because it accumulates the changes of body. The urinary proteome is influenced by various factors, which is a major challenge in urinary biomarker discovery. To circumvent these problems, simpler systems, such as animal models, should be used to establish associations between physiological or pathological conditions and changes in the urinary proteome. In this study, the urinary proteome of young (2-month-old) and old rats (20-month-old; 9 in each group) were analyzed using LC-MS/MS and quantified using the Progenesis LC-MS software. A total of 371 proteins were identified, 194 of which were shared between young and old rats. Based on the criteria of a fold change ≥ 2, P < 0.05 and being identified in each rat in the high abundance group, 33 proteins were changed (15 up-regulated and 18 down-regulated in old rats). By adding a more stringent standard (protein spectral counts from every rat in the higher group greater than those in the lower group), 8 proteins were changed consistently in all rats of between the groups, 2 of which are also altered in the urinary proteome of aging humans. There are no shared proteins between our results and the previous aging plasma proteome. Twenty of the 33 (60 %) changed proteins have been reported to be disease biomarkers, which implies that aging may share similar urinary changes with some diseases. The 33 proteins corresponded to 28 human orthologs, which are strongly expressed in the kidney, intestine, cerebellum and lung, according to the human protein ATLAS. Therefore, the urinary proteome may reflect aging conditions in these organs.

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Potential urinary aging markers of 20-month-old rats

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.2058 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. e2058 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Xundou Li ◽

Youhe Gao

Keyword(s):

Biomarker Discovery ◽

The Body ◽

Disease Biomarkers ◽

Urinary Proteome ◽

Human Orthologs ◽

Human Protein Atlas ◽

Aging Conditions ◽

Old Rats ◽

Spectral Counts ◽

Altered Proteins

Urine is a very good source for biomarker discovery because it accumulates changes in the body. However, a major challenge in urinary biomarker discovery is the fact that the urinary proteome is influenced by various elements. To circumvent these problems, simpler systems, such as animal models, can be used to establish associations between physiological or pathological conditions and alterations in the urinary proteome. In this study, the urinary proteomes of young (two months old) and old rats (20 months old; nine in each group) were analyzed using LC-MS/MS and quantified using the Progenesis LC-MS software. A total of 371 proteins were identified, 194 of which were shared between the young and old rats. Based on criteria of a fold change ≥2,P< 0.05 and identification in each rat of the high-abundance group, 33 proteins were found to be changed (15 increased and 18 decreased in old rats). By adding a more stringent standard (protein spectral counts from every rat in the higher group greater than those in the lower group), eight proteins showed consistent changes in all rats of the groups; two of these proteins are also altered in the urinary proteome of aging humans. However, no shared proteins between our results and the previous aging plasma proteome were identified. Twenty of the 33 (60%) altered proteins have been reported to be disease biomarkers, suggesting that aging may share similar urinary changes with some diseases. The 33 proteins corresponded to 28 human orthologs which, according to the Human Protein Atlas, are strongly expressed in the kidney, intestine, cerebellum and lung. Therefore, the urinary proteome may reflect aging conditions in these organs.

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Effects of three commonly used diuretics on the urinary proteome

10.7287/peerj.preprints.102 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Xundou Li ◽

Mindi Zhao ◽

Menglin Li ◽

Lulu Jia ◽

Youhe Gao

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

P Value ◽

Intragastric Administration ◽

Protein Biomarkers ◽

Healthy Human ◽

Disease Biomarkers ◽

Urinary Proteome ◽

Human Orthologs ◽

Before And After ◽

Therapeutic Doses

Biomarker is the measurable change associated with a physiological or pathophysiological process. Unlike blood which has mechanisms to keep the internal environment homeostatic, urine is more likely to reflect changes of the body. In other words, urine is likely to be a better biomarker source than blood. However, the urinary proteome are affected by many factors. In this study, the effects of three commonly used diuretics (furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide and spirolactone ) on the urinary proteome were analyzed in rats. Urine samples were collected before and after the intragastric administration of diuretics at therapeutic doses and analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Based on quantification by Progenesis LC-MS software, there are 7, 5 and 2 proteins with the p value ≤0.05, a fold change ≥2, a spectral count ≥5 and FDR ≤1%, respectively. Most their human orthologs were considered to be stable in the healthy human urinary proteome. 10 of the 14 proteins have been reported as disease biomarkers in previous studies. So the effects of diuretics should be given more attention in future urinary protein biomarkers studies. The effects of diuretics on urinary proteome are different which can provide clues to elucidate the mechanisms of the diuretics.

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Effects of three commonly used diuretics on the urinary proteome

10.7287/peerj.preprints.102v1 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Xundou Li ◽

Mindi Zhao ◽

Menglin Li ◽

Lulu Jia ◽

Youhe Gao

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

P Value ◽

Intragastric Administration ◽

Protein Biomarkers ◽

Healthy Human ◽

Disease Biomarkers ◽

Urinary Proteome ◽

Human Orthologs ◽

Before And After ◽

Therapeutic Doses

Biomarker is the measurable change associated with a physiological or pathophysiological process. Unlike blood which has mechanisms to keep the internal environment homeostatic, urine is more likely to reflect changes of the body. In other words, urine is likely to be a better biomarker source than blood. However, the urinary proteome are affected by many factors. In this study, the effects of three commonly used diuretics (furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide and spirolactone ) on the urinary proteome were analyzed in rats. Urine samples were collected before and after the intragastric administration of diuretics at therapeutic doses and analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Based on quantification by Progenesis LC-MS software, there are 7, 5 and 2 proteins with the p value ≤0.05, a fold change ≥2, a spectral count ≥5 and FDR ≤1%, respectively. Most their human orthologs were considered to be stable in the healthy human urinary proteome. 10 of the 14 proteins have been reported as disease biomarkers in previous studies. So the effects of diuretics should be given more attention in future urinary protein biomarkers studies. The effects of diuretics on urinary proteome are different which can provide clues to elucidate the mechanisms of the diuretics.

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Changes in the urinary proteome in rats with regular swimming exercise

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.12406 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e12406

Author(s):

Wenshu Meng ◽

Dan Xu ◽

Yunchen Meng ◽

Weinan Zhang ◽

Yaqi Xue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Swimming Exercise ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Control Group ◽

Random Allocation ◽

Urinary Proteome ◽

Human Orthologs ◽

Differential Proteins ◽

Human Protein Atlas ◽

Group A

Purpose Urine can sensitively reflect early pathophysiological changes in the body. The purpose of this study was to explore the changes of urine proteome in rats with regular swimming exercise. Methods In this study, experimental rats were subjected to daily moderate-intensity swimming exercise for 7 weeks. Urine samples were collected at weeks 2, 5, and 7 and were analyzed by using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results Unsupervised clustering analysis of all urinary proteins identified at week 2 showed that the swimming group was distinctively different from the control group. Compared to the control group, a total of 112, 61 and 44 differential proteins were identified in the swimming group at weeks 2, 5 and 7, respectively. Randomized grouping statistical analysis showed that more than 85% of the differential proteins identified in this study were caused by swimming exercise rather than random allocation. According to the Human Protein Atlas, the differential proteins that have human orthologs were strongly expressed in the liver, kidney and intestine. Functional annotation analysis revealed that these differential proteins were involved in glucose metabolism and immunity-related pathways. Conclusion Our results revealed that the urinary proteome could reflect significant changes after regular swimming exercise. These findings may provide an approach to monitor the effects of exercise of the body.

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Changes in the urinary proteome in rats with regular swimming exercise

10.1101/2021.05.18.444417 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wenshu Meng ◽

Dan Xu ◽

Yunchen Meng ◽

Zhiping Zhen ◽

Youhe Gao

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Swimming Exercise ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Control Group ◽

Random Allocation ◽

Urinary Proteome ◽

Human Orthologs ◽

Differential Proteins ◽

Human Protein Atlas ◽

Group A

Purpose: Urine can sensitively reflect early pathophysiological changes in the body. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the urine proteome could reflect changes in regular swimming exercise. Methods: In this study, experimental rats were subjected to daily moderate-intensity swimming exercise for 7 weeks. Urine samples were collected at weeks 2, 5, and 7 and were analyzed by using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results: Unsupervised clustering analysis of all urinary proteins identified at week 2 showed that the swimming group was distinctively different from the control group. Compared to the control group, a total of 112, 61 and 44 differential proteins were identified in the swimming group at weeks 2, 5 and 7, respectively. Randomized grouping statistical analysis showed that more than 85% of the differential proteins identified in this study were caused by swimming exercise rather than random allocation. According to the Human Protein Atlas, the differential proteins that have human orthologs were strongly expressed in the liver, kidney and intestine. Functional annotation analysis revealed that these differential proteins were involved in glucose metabolism and immunity-related pathways. Conclusion: Our results revealed that the urinary proteome could reflect significant changes following regular swimming exercise. These findings may suggest an approach to monitoring whether the amount of exercise is appropriate.

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Effects of the glucocorticoid drug prednisone on urinary proteome and candidate biomarkers

10.1101/128603 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jianqiang Wu ◽

Xundou Li ◽

Manxia An ◽

Youhe Gao

Keyword(s):

Drug Efficacy ◽

Clinical Proteomics ◽

Label Free ◽

Urinary Proteins ◽

Rat Urine ◽

Urine Proteome ◽

Disease Biomarkers ◽

Urinary Proteome ◽

Prednisone Treatment ◽

Human Orthologs

AbstractUrine is a good source of biomarkers for clinical proteomics studies. However, one challenge in the use of urine biomarkers is that outside factors can affect the urine proteome. Prednisone is a commonly prescribed glucocorticoid used to treat various diseases in the clinic. To evaluate the possible impact of glucocorticoid drugs on the urine proteome, specifically disease biomarkers, this study investigated the effects of prednisone on the rat urine proteome. Urine samples were collected from control rats and prednisone-treated rats after drug administration. The urinary proteome was analyzed using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and proteins were identified using label-free proteome quantification. Differentially expressed proteins and their human orthologs were analyzed with bioinformatics methods. A total of 523 urinary proteins were identified in rat urine. Using label-free quantification, 27 urinary proteins showed expression changes after prednisone treatment. A total of 16 proteins and/or their human orthologs have been previously annotated as disease biomarkers. After functional analysis, we found that the pharmacological effects of prednisone were reflected in the urine proteome. Thus, urinary proteomics has the potential to be a powerful drug efficacy monitoring tool in the clinic. Meanwhile, alteration of the urine proteome due to prednisone treatment should be considered in future disease biomarker studies.

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