scholarly journals ­Vulnerability of parrotfish functional diversity and coral reef health in transitioning island socio-ecosystems

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine R Rice
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Keystone Species ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Marine Management ◽  
Reef Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Mo’orea’s reefs have rebounded from environmental disturbance throughout the years largely due to herbivorous fish that deter damaging algal blooms. This resilience suggests herbivorous fishes act as a keystone species in the coral reef ecosystem, and the greater island community of Mo’orea. Parrotfish support reef health and stability, and reefs support the development of the local economy by way of tourism and access to medicine, nourishment, and protection. Because island communities rely heavily on coral reef ecosystems, identifying the impact of fishing on the morphology and ecosystem function of parrotfish in a time of marine management and demographic transition can increase our knowledge of the vulnerability and resilience of these complex socio-ecosystems. The 2016 study reported here seeks to understand to what extent changes in fisheries management and off-take rates have affected the historically sustainable relationship between Mo’orea’s fishing population, the lagoon’s supply of larger-sized parrotfish, and the ecological stability of the greater coral reef ecosystem. Specifically, this study measured average parrotfish size at various fishing zones and paired Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) around the island, and then used participatory surveys to quantify fishermen observation of changes in parrotfish size since they started fishing. Both field data and participatory survey data show a decrease in parrotfish size since the establishment of MPAs. Island-wide, parrotfish also appear to be smaller in fished sites than in MPAs. Results suggest that the joint effect of zoning, catch-size enforcements and increased fishing pressure have caused a size-selection of parrotfish in the fishing zones of studied lagoons. These findings highlight the vulnerability of Mo’orea’s coral reef ecosystem to transitions in marine management strategy and size-selective fishing.

scholarly journals ­Vulnerability of parrotfish functional diversity and coral reef health in transitioning island socio-ecosystems

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine R Rice
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Keystone Species ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Marine Management ◽  
Reef Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Mo’orea’s reefs have rebounded from environmental disturbance throughout the years largely due to herbivorous fish that deter damaging algal blooms. This resilience suggests herbivorous fishes act as a keystone species in the coral reef ecosystem, and the greater island community of Mo’orea. Parrotfish support reef health and stability, and reefs support the development of the local economy by way of tourism and access to medicine, nourishment, and protection. Because island communities rely heavily on coral reef ecosystems, identifying the impact of fishing on the morphology and ecosystem function of parrotfish in a time of marine management and demographic transition can increase our knowledge of the vulnerability and resilience of these complex socio-ecosystems. The 2016 study reported here seeks to understand to what extent changes in fisheries management and off-take rates have affected the historically sustainable relationship between Mo’orea’s fishing population, the lagoon’s supply of larger-sized parrotfish, and the ecological stability of the greater coral reef ecosystem. Specifically, this study measured average parrotfish size at various fishing zones and paired Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) around the island, and then used participatory surveys to quantify fishermen observation of changes in parrotfish size since they started fishing. Both field data and participatory survey data show a decrease in parrotfish size since the establishment of MPAs. Island-wide, parrotfish also appear to be smaller in fished sites than in MPAs. Results suggest that the joint effect of zoning, catch-size enforcements and increased fishing pressure have caused a size-selection of parrotfish in the fishing zones of studied lagoons. These findings highlight the vulnerability of Mo’orea’s coral reef ecosystem to transitions in marine management strategy and size-selective fishing.

scholarly journals KONDISI EKSISTING FAUNA MEGABENTHOS DI PERAIRAN LABUHAN PANDAN LOMBOK TIMUR PASCA GEMPA BUMI LOMBOK 7.0 SKALA RICHTER

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Noar Muda Satyawan ◽  
Novita Tri Atriningrum
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
External Disturbance ◽  
Acanthaster Planci ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Reef Health ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Abstrak : Gangguan eksternal pada ekosistem terumbu karang dapat terjadi secara alami ataupun karena aktifitas manusia yang menimbulkan perubahan fisik maupun ekologis. Perubahan ekologis dapat terlihat dari perubahan komposisi biota yang berasosiasi di dalamnya. Salah satu kelompok biota yang berasosiasi dengan terumbu karang adalah megabenthos. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untk mengetahui kondisi eksisting fauna megabenthos pada ekosistem terumbu karang di perairan Labuhan Pandan Lombok Timur. Pengamatan dilakukan pada 5 stasiun yaitu Gili Bidara (BDR_01), Gili Kondo (KND_01), Gili Petagan 1 (PTG_01), Gili Petagan 2 (PTG_02), dan Gili Petagan 3 (PTG_03). Pengambilan data megabenthos dilakukan dengan metode Benthos Belt Transect (BBT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 15 jenis megabenthos yang termasuk dalam 5 Phylum (Mollusca, Echinodermata, Chordata, Annelida, dan Platyhelminthes). Jumlah jenis tertinggi ditemukan pada phylum Echinodermata (10 jenis), kemudian diikuti oleh Mollusca (2 jenis), Chordata (1 jenis), Annelida (1 jenis), dan Platyhelminthes (1 jenis). Kepadatan megabenthos tertinggi ditemukan pada stasiun BDR_01 (10.571 ind/Ha), kemudian diikuti oleh stasiun KND_01 (10.214 ind/Ha), PTG_02 (9.857 ind/Ha), PTG_03 (8.429 ind/Ha) dan PTG_01 (1.714 ind/Ha). Keanekaragaman jenis tertingi ditemukan pada stasiun PTG_01 (H’=1,14), kemudian diikuti oleh BDR_01 (H’=0,76), KND_01 (H’=0,69), PTG_03 (H’=0,17) dan PTG_02 (H’=0,09). Hasil perhitungan indeks dominansi menunjukkan bahwa Didemnum molle (phylum Chordata)  ditemukan dominan pada seluruh stasiun pengamatan. Ditemukan juga jenis megabenthos pemangsa hewan karang yaitu Acanthaster planci pada stasiun PTG_03 serta Drupella sp. pada stasiun BDR_01, KND_01 dan PTG_02. Beberapa jenis megabenthos yang ditemukan dapat dijadikan bioindikator dalam pemantauan kesehatan ekosistem terumbu karang di Perairan Labuhan Pandan, Lombok Timur.Kata Kunci: Kondisi eksisting, Megabenthos, Gempa Bumi, Labuhan Pandan, Lombok TimurAbstract: External disturbance to the coral reef ecosystem occured by naturally or due to human activities that cause physical and ecological changes. Ecological changes could be seen from changes in the composition of the associated biota. One of the biota groups that associated with coral reefs were megabenthos. The purpose of this study were to determine the condition of the megabenthos fauna on coral reef ecosystems in the Labuhan Pandan waters, Eastern Lombok. Observations were made at 5 stations namely Gili Bidara (BDR_01), Gili Kondo (KND_01), Gili Petagan 1 (PTG_01), Gili Petagan 2 (PTG_02), and Gili Petagan 3 (PTG_03). Data of Megabenthos were collected by Benthos Belt Transect (BBT) method. The results showed that found 15 species of megabenthos included in 5 phylum (Mollusca, Echinoderm, Chordata, Annelida, and Platyhelminthes). The highest number of species were found in Echinoderms phylum (10 species), followed by Mollusca (2 species), Chordata (1 species), Annelida (1 species), and Platyhelminthes (1 species). The highest megabenthos density were found at BDR_01 station (10,571 ind / Ha), then followed by stations KND_01 (10,214 ind / Ha), PTG_02 (9,857 ind / Ha), PTG_03 (8,429 ind / Ha) and PTG_01 (1,714 ind / Ha). The highest species diversity were found at stations PTG_01 (H '= 1.14), then followed by BDR_01 (H' = 0.76), KND_01 (H '= 0.69), PTG_03 (H' = 0.17) and PTG_02 (H '= 0.09). The calculation result of dominance index shows that Didemnum molle (phylum Chordata) were found dominant in all observation stations. Also found species of coral predator Acanthaster planci at PTG_03 station and Drupella sp. at stations BDR_01, KND_01 and PTG_02. Several species of megabenthos can be used as bioindicators to monitoring of coral reef health in Labuhan Pandan Waters, East Lombok.Keywords: Existing conditions, megabenthos, earthquake, Labuhan Pandan, Eastern Lombok  

scholarly journals RESPONS PENGELOLAAN KOLABORATIF TERUMBU KARANG DI DESA BILORO KABUPATEN BURU SELATAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Semuel F Tuhumury ◽  
James Abrahamsz ◽  
Dicky Sahetapy ◽  
Johannes M.S. Tetelepta ◽  
Jalil Haulussy
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Trigger Factors ◽  
Systemic Impact ◽  
Coral Reef Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

The use of the coral ecosystem causes a systemic impact on that ecosystem. There are various types of coral reef ecosystem utilization, and the management of this ecosystem, therefore, needs a collaborative approach. The objective of this study was to identify the condition of coral reef, to identify types of utilization and its impact on the coral reef ecosystem and produce a collaborative management response towards the coral reef ecosystem. The research was conducted n July 2020 at the coral reef area of Biloro Village, Sub-district of Kapala Madang, Southern Buru. Field observation uses the Line Intercept Transect method for coral reef condition assessment, while the PRA approach to identify trigger factors, stress against the environment, the impact, and strategic adaptive response management. The collaborative method is a strategic adaptive response that conveys the system concept of socio-ecology, community capacity, and institutional empowerment in management integration. The result shows that on average coral reef ecosystem was in good condition. There are five responses collaborative management proposed explicitly education advocacy in the importance of coral reef, rehabilitation of degraded coral reef, the establishment of community controlling group, village by law, and the development of Toumahu Island marine tourist.   ABSTRAK Pemanfaatan ekosistem terumbu karang memberikan dampak sistematis. Pengelolaan terumbu karang pada lokasi penelitian membutuhkan pendekatan kolaboratif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengindentifikasi kondisi karang, mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk pemanfaatan dan dampaknya serta respon pengelolaan kolaboratif ekosistem terumbu karang. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus tahun 2020, pada kawasan terumbu karang Desa Biloro, Kecamatan Kapala Madan, Kabupaten Buru Selatan. Penelitian lapangan menggunakan metode LIT untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi terumbu karang, dan pendekatan PRA untuk mengidentifikasi faktor pemicu, tekanan terhadap lingkungan, status terumbu karang, dampak yang ditimbulkan, serta respon strategis dan adaptif. Pendekatan kolaboratif merupakan respon strategis-adaptif yang mengusung konsep sistem sosial-ekologis, penguatan kapasitas masyrakat, penguatan kelembagaan dalam pengelolaan, dan integrase pengelolaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan secara-rata-rata kondisi terumbu karang Desa Biloro tergolong baik. Lima usulan pengelolaan respon kolaboratif berupa sosialisasi pentingnya terumbu karang, rehabilitasi terumbu karang, pembentukan POKWASMAS, pembuatan aturan desa, dan pengembangan wisata bahari Pulau Toumahu.   KATA KUNCI: Terumbu karang, PRA, respon strategis-adaptif, pengelolaan kolaboratif, sistem sosial-ekologi

scholarly journals IMPACT OF SNORKELING AND DIVING TO CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-326
Author(s):  
. Muhidin ◽  
Fredinan Yulianda ◽  
Neviaty Putri Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Tourism Impact ◽  
Destructive Behavior ◽  
Coral Colony ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Panggang Island is one of the snorkeling and diving area in the Seribu Islands. Number of tourists increase every year in line with the improving of tourism infrastructure such as tourist boat and dive shops. Tourism activities not only provide economic benefits but also give negative impact on coral reef ecosystem. The results of direct observations showed that there was destructive impact from snorkeling and diving. The most destructive behavior done by snorkeling and diver who has license was stepping on the coral reef. While the most destructive behavior by diver who has no license was holding the coral reef. The continued effect of tourist destructive behaviour grouped into three categories such as rubble, scratches on top of coral colony, and crushed coral colony. Based on the tourism impact analysis showed that diverwho has not been licensed gived the greatest damage impact,it was 13.55% per year of the ecological potential. While the impact of snorkeling touristwas 5.05% and diver who has license gived the smallest effect, it was 2.36%.  Comparison of coral reef data between 2010 and 2016 showed no significant changes to the coral reef, it means that until now coral reefs of Panggang Island still tolerate any disturbances including impact of tourism activities.Keywords : coral reef, diving, snorkeling, tourism, Panggang                      IslandPanggang Island is one of the snorkeling and diving area in the Seribu Islands. Number of tourists increase every year in line with the improving of tourism infrastructure such as tourist boat and dive shops. Tourism activities not only provide economic benefits but also give negative impact on coral reef ecosystem. The results of direct observations showed that there was destructive impact from snorkeling and diving. The most destructive behavior done by snorkeling and diver who has license was stepping on the coral reef. While the most destructive behavior by diver who has no license was holding the coral reef. The continued effect of tourist destructive behaviour grouped into three categories such as rubble, scratches on top of coral colony, and crushed coral colony. Based on the tourism impact analysis showed that diverwho has not been licensed gived the greatest damage impact,it was 13.55% per year of the ecological potential. While the impact of snorkeling touristwas 5.05% and diver who has license gived the smallest effect, it was 2.36%.  Comparison of coral reef data between 2010 and 2016 showed no significant changes to the coral reef, it means that until now coral reefs of Panggang Island still tolerate any disturbances including impact of tourism activities. Keywords : coral reef, diving, snorkeling, tourism, Panggang Island

scholarly journals The Best Counseling Methods for Fishermen in Overcoming Coral Reef Ecosystem Damage in Pasawaran Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 4621-4633
Author(s):  
Freddy Johanis Rumambi, Adri Frans Assa
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

This study was conducted to determine the effect of extension methods and achievement motivation on knowledge about the impact of damage to coral reef ecosystems. This research was conducted using a mixed-method that is quantitatively supported by qualitative data from interviews to achieve this goal. Quantitative method used for fishers in Padang Cermin Subdistrict, Pasawaran Lampung Regency with n = 60 using 2X2 factorial. While the Qualitative Method conducted interviews with several Fishermen, Padang Cermin District Head, Sanggit Village Head, Community Social Institutions (NGOs) Concerned with Lampung Environmental Reform and Development and SatuanMarkas Officer at Pangkalan TNI AL Lampung.

THE COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA AT CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM IN THOUSANDS ISLAND

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lumban Nauli Lumban Toruan ◽  
Dedi Soedharma ◽  
Kresna Tri Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
Benthic Foraminifers ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Binocular Microscope ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Composition and distribution of foraminifers are affected by human activities and have close association with coral reef ecosystem. The aims of this research were to investigate the benthic foraminifers’ composition and distribution in sediment of coral reef ecosystem. Eleven stations of Karang Bongkok, Pramuka, and Onrust Island were observed in this study. The sediments were taken from surface substrate up to 2 cm under the substrate. Samples were washed on sieve with mesh size 0,063 mm, and then dried in oven with 50°C of temperature  for two hours. After separating from the sediment, the foraminifers were laid on foraminiferal slide and indentified using binocular microscope. The highest composition of symbiont-bearing foraminiferal assemblages which associated with reef ecosystem was in East Pramuka (78.17%) and the lowest was in South Onrust (21,83%). The opportunistic type had the highest composition in South Onrust (38.67%) and the lowest was in South Karang Bongkok. In west Pramuka had the highest composition of heterotrophic type (57.17%) and the lowest was in North Onrust (11.33%). Onrust Island was dominated by opportunistic type, indicating high nutrient. The highest amount of foraminifers’ taxa was found in Karang Bongkok with good coral reef coverage, while the lowest in Onrust facing with Jakarta Bay. Keywords: composition, distribution, benthic foraminifers, coral reef.

Measurement of the trophic level of fish in a coral reef ecosystem using stable isotopes

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guohuan YANG ◽  
Xingli SUN ◽  
Xiuqiong HOU ◽  
Chunliang CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Marine reserves, fisheries ban, and 20 years of positive change in a coral reef ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Mumby ◽  
Robert S. Steneck ◽  
George Roff ◽  
Valerie J. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Marine Reserves ◽  
Positive Change ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Reef Ecosystem
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