Acquiring and Using a Grammatical Form Class

2004 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grammatical Form ◽  
Form Class

scholarly journals Category Markers or Attributes

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1287-1293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Keates ◽  
Susan A. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Category Membership ◽  
Count Noun ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Grammatical Form ◽  
Form Class ◽  
Count Nouns ◽  
Inductive Inferences ◽  
Test Objects

To clarify the role of labels in early induction, we compared 16-month-old infants' ( n = 114) generalization of target properties to test objects when objects were introduced by the experimenter in one of the following ways: (a) with a general attentional phrase, (b) highlighted with a flashlight and a general attentional phrase, (c) via a recorded voice that labeled the objects using a naming phrase, (d) with a label consisting of a count noun embedded within a naming phrase, (e) with a label consisting of a single word that was not marked as belonging to a particular grammatical form class, and (f) with a label consisting of an adjective. Infants relied on object labels to guide their inductive inferences only when the labels were presented referentially, embedded within an intentional naming phrase, and marked as count nouns. These results suggest that infants do not view labels as attributes of objects; rather, infants understand that count-noun labels are intentional markers denoting category membership.

Reassessing gender in Ogbe-Oloma

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-403
Author(s):  
Ronald P. Schaefer ◽  
Francis O. Egbokhare
Keyword(s):  
Sound Quality ◽  
Form Class ◽  
Nominal Form ◽  
Grammatical Number ◽  
Gender System

Abstract We re-assess the gender system of Ogbe-Oloma, an Edoid village variety of Nigeria. System exponents are prefixes that define form class and reflect grammatical number. We find that eight agreement classes undergird fourteen genders, while seventeen nominal form classes frame twenty-five number inflections. Prefix mapping from inflection to gender is non-isomorphic. Mapping is however constrained by syllable shape, CV- versus V-, and alliterative sound quality of prefix consonant, not vowel. In addition, several number inflections trigger agreement in multiple genders leading to one gender that exclusively refers to nouns with human reference.

scholarly journals BECLIN1: Protein Structure, Function and Regulation

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1522
Author(s):  
Sharon Tran ◽  
W. Douglas Fairlie ◽  
Erinna F. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Protein Structure ◽  
Structure Function ◽  
Membrane Trafficking ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Form Class ◽  
Protein Interactome ◽  
Protein Functions ◽  
Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase ◽  
Shed Light

BECLIN1 is a well-established regulator of autophagy, a process essential for mammalian survival. It functions in conjunction with other proteins to form Class III Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) complexes to generate phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), lipids essential for not only autophagy but other membrane trafficking processes. Over the years, studies have elucidated the structural, biophysical, and biochemical properties of BECLIN1, which have shed light on how this protein functions to allosterically regulate these critical processes of autophagy and membrane trafficking. Here, we review these findings and how BECLIN1’s diverse protein interactome regulates it, as well as its impact on organismal physiology.

Focus on grammatical form: explicit or implicit?

System ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Burgess ◽  
Siân Etherington
Keyword(s):  
Grammatical Form

Grammatical Form and Logical Form

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Higginbotham
Keyword(s):  
Logical Form ◽  
Grammatical Form

scholarly journals Formal groups and Z -entropies

2016 ◽  
Vol 472 (2195) ◽  
pp. 20160143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piergiulio Tempesta
Keyword(s):  
Algebraic Topology ◽  
Formal Group ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Trace Form ◽  
Formal Groups ◽  
Form Class ◽  
New Family ◽  
Mathematical Properties ◽  
Composition Process ◽  
Group Law

We shall prove that the celebrated Rényi entropy is the first example of a new family of infinitely many multi-parametric entropies. We shall call them the Z-entropies . Each of them, under suitable hypotheses, generalizes the celebrated entropies of Boltzmann and Rényi. A crucial aspect is that every Z -entropy is composable (Tempesta 2016 Ann. Phys. 365 , 180–197. ( doi:10.1016/j.aop.2015.08.013 )). This property means that the entropy of a system which is composed of two or more independent systems depends, in all the associated probability space, on the choice of the two systems only. Further properties are also required to describe the composition process in terms of a group law. The composability axiom, introduced as a generalization of the fourth Shannon–Khinchin axiom (postulating additivity), is a highly non-trivial requirement. Indeed, in the trace-form class, the Boltzmann entropy and Tsallis entropy are the only known composable cases. However, in the non-trace form class, the Z -entropies arise as new entropic functions possessing the mathematical properties necessary for information-theoretical applications, in both classical and quantum contexts. From a mathematical point of view, composability is intimately related to formal group theory of algebraic topology. The underlying group-theoretical structure determines crucially the statistical properties of the corresponding entropies.

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