scholarly journals A new and very spiny lizard (Gymnophthalmidae: Echinosaura) from the Andes in northwestern Ecuador

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12523
Author(s):  
Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz ◽  
Omar Torres-Carvajal ◽  
Juan P. Reyes-Puig ◽  
Miguel A. Urgiles-Merchán ◽  
Claudia Koch
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Pectoral Girdle ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
The Andes ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of Neotropical spiny-lizard of the genus Echinosaura from the Imbabura and Carchi Provinces on the western slopes of the Andes in northwestern Ecuador. The new species mostly resembles E. horrida. However, it can be distinguished from all congeners by having keeled enlarged dorsal scales forming a paired vertebral row, two paravertebral series of short oblique rows of projecting scales, and a pair of spine-like scales on temporal and nuchal regions. We also provide a detailed description of the osteology of the skull and pectoral girdle of the new species and present a phylogenetic hypothesis for Echinosaura based on three mitochondrial genes (12S, 16S, ND4) and one nuclear gene (c-mos).

Description and phylogenetic relationships of a new trans-Andean species of Elachistocleis Parker 1927 (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4779 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-340
Author(s):  
JUAN C. SÁNCHEZ-NIVICELA ◽  
PEDRO L. V. PELOSO ◽  
VERÓNICA L. URGILES ◽  
MARIO H. YÁNEZ-MUÑOZ ◽  
YERKA SAGREDO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
South America ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Southern Ecuador ◽  
A New Species

Elachistocleis is a Neotropical genus of microhylid frogs with 18 species, most of which occur east of the Andes in South America. Here, we present a new phylogeny of Gastrophryninae and describe and name a new species of Elachistocleis from southern Ecuador—the first to be found west of the Andes and also the first from Ecuador. Our phylogeny is based on DNA sequences of the mitochondrial genes 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, COI, and the nuclear genes BDNF, cmyc2, H3A, 28S, SIA1, and Tyr. Elachistocleis araios sp. n., is the sister species of all other Elachistocleis. The finding of this taxon highlights the probability of the existence of more Elachistocleis species west of the Andes. 

A new species of Cynomops (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from the northwestern slope of the Andes

Mammalia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Arenas-Viveros ◽  
Pamela Sánchez-Vendizú ◽  
Alan Giraldo ◽  
Jorge Salazar-Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Western Side ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Abstract The systematics and taxonomy of the broadly distributed bats of the genus Cynomops has changed considerably in the last few years. Among the major changes, Cynomops abrasus was split into two species of large-bodied forms (Cynomops mastivus and C. abrasus) distributed east of the Andes. However, large Colombian specimens identified as C. abrasus from the western side of the Andes had yet to be included in any revisionary work. Phylogenetic analysis performed in this study, using mtDNA sequences (Cytochrome-b), revealed that these Colombian individuals are more closely related to Cynomops greenhalli. Morphological and molecular data allowed us to recognize populations from western Colombia, western Ecuador and northwestern Peru, as members of a new species of Cynomops. Characters that allow for its differentiation from C. greenhalli include a larger forearm, paler but more uniform ventral pelage, more globular braincase, and well-developed zygomatic processes of the maxilla (almost reaching the postorbital constriction). This study serves as another example of the importance of including multiple lines of evidence in the recognition of a new species. Given its rarity and the advanced transformation of its habitat, this new species is particularly important from a conservation perspective.

A new species of the enigmatic genus Oressinoma Doubleday from the Andes of central Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4999 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
KLAUDIA FLORCZYK ◽  
CHRISTER FÅHRAEUS ◽  
PIERRE BOYER ◽  
ANNA ZUBEK ◽  
TOMASZ W. PYRCZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Genital Morphology ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Andes ◽  
A New Species

A new, and only the third known species of the Neotropical montane genus Oressinoma Doubleday is described—O. sorina n. sp., from the Andes of central Peru. It is distinguishable immediately from the other two congeners by the shape of the hindwing underside submarginal orange band, and by the male genitalia. The systematics of Oressinoma are reviewed. A preliminary analysis is carried out based on COI barcode confirming the separate specific status of O. sorina n. sp. in relation to other two congeners. Both barcode and genital morphology data suggest that the widespread O. typhla Doubleday may be a complex of allopatric or, locally parapatric species. The genus Oressinoma is the only neotropical member of the predominantly Australian subtribe Coenonymphina, represented in the entire Holarctic by one genus only—Coenonympha Hübner, considered as the putative sister-genus of Oressinoma. Their origins and relationships are briefly discussed.

A new species of tree frog from the Andes of southeastern Peru (Anura: Hylidae: Hyla)

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio De la Riva ◽  
Juan Carlos Chaparro
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
Cloud Forests ◽  
Southern Peru ◽  
The Andes ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA new species of Hyla is described from cloud forests of the Cosñipata Valley in southern Peru. The new species lacks webbing in hands and has vestigial webbing between toes III and IV, is readily distinguished from any other species of Andean Hyla, and is not clearly assignable to any species group. The new species seems to be a secretive, bromeliad-dweller.

scholarly journals An elusive new species of gymnophthalmid lizard (Cercosaurinae, Selvasaura) from the Andes of northern Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-187
Author(s):  
Lourdes Y. Echevarría ◽  
Pablo J. Venegas ◽  
Luis A. García-Ayachi ◽  
Pedro M. Sales Nunes
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
The Andes ◽  
New States ◽  
Northern Peru ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of Selvasaura from the montane forests of the eastern slopes of the Andes in northern Peru, based on external and hemipenial morphological characters and previous phylogenetic analyses. The new species can be differentiated from the other two Selvasaura species in having keeled dorsal scales usually flanked by longitudinal striations, in adults and juveniles; adult males with a yellow vertebral stripe bordered by broad dark brown stripes on each side and a unilobed hemipenis surrounded by the branches of the sulcus spermaticus. The description of the new species contributes information about new states of diagnostic characters of Selvasaura and natural history.

scholarly journals A new species of puddle frog from an unexplored mountain in southwestern Ethiopia (Anura, Phrynobatrachidae, Phrynobatrachus)

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 53-70
Author(s):  
Sandra Goutte ◽  
Jacobo Reyes-Velasco ◽  
Stephane Boissinot
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Slender Body ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Phrynobatrachus is described from the unexplored and isolated Bibita Mountain, southwestern Ethiopia, based on morphological characters and sequences of the mitochondrial rRNA16s. The new species can be distinguished from all its congeners by a small size (SVL = 16.8 ± 0.1 mm for males, 20.3 ± 0.9 mm for females), a slender body with long legs and elongated fingers and toes, a golden coloration, a completely hidden tympanum, and a marked canthus rostralis. The phylogenetic hypothesis based on 16s sequences places the new species as sister to the species group that includes P.natalensis, although it is morphologically more similar to other dwarf Phrynobatrachus species, such as the Ethiopian P.minutus.

A new species of small, long-snouted Hypogeophis Peters, 1880 (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Indotyphlidae) from the highest elevations of the Seychelles island of Mahé

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4450 (3) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMON T. MADDOCK ◽  
MARK WILKINSON ◽  
DAVID J. GOWER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
The Third ◽  
Iucn Red List Criteria ◽  
A New Species

A new species of indotyphlid caecilian amphibian, Hypogeophis montanus sp. nov., is described based on a series of specimens from the Seychelles island of Mahé, collected from two localities in 2013 and 2015. The new species most closely resembles the Seychelles (Mahé) endemic H. brevis in being short (maximum known total length in life ca. 110 mm) and long snouted, but differs by having more vertebrae, a relatively smaller head, and substantially distinct mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences. Hypogeophis montanus sp. nov. is known from higher elevations (718–731 m) than H. brevis (ca. 350–650 m), and its elevationally restricted distribution on a single small island likely renders it threatened under IUCN Red List criteria. Hypogeophis montanus sp. nov. is the third species of small and long-snouted caecilian reported from the Seychelles. Along with H. brevis and H. pti, H. montanus sp. nov. is among the smallest known species of caecilian and possibly has the smallest global distribution. 

Description of a new species of Andaeschna (Odonata: Aeshnidae) from the Western Colombian Andes

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4615 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-600
Author(s):  
CORNELIO ANDRÉS BOTA-SIERRA ◽  
JULIANA SANDOVAL-H ◽  
FREDY PALACINO-RODRÍGUEZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Northwestern Argentina ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Colombian Andes ◽  
Unique Shape ◽  
A New Species

Andaeschna is a small and poorly known genus of dragonflies that inhabits the Andes, from Venezuela to northwestern Argentina. Here we describe Andaeschna occidentalis sp. nov., first species of the genus recorded in the Western Andes, specifically from the Tatamá National Park in Colombia. Males of this species can be differentiated from the other four species in the genus by the unique shape of the distal segment of the vesica spermalis. Likewise, females can be distinguished by their smaller and broader cerci (slightly shorter than S9) and its subquadrate point. The discovery of this beautiful species expands the range of the genus, previously known only in the Eastern Andes. 

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