THE ASYMPTOTIC SEMIGROUP OF A SUBSEMIGROUP OF A NILPOTENT LIE GROUP

Let S be a subsemigroup of a simply connected nilpotent Lie group G. We construct an asymptotic semigroup S0 in the associated graded Lie group G0 of G. We can compute the image of S0 in the abelianization $$ {G}_0^{\mathrm{ab}}={G}^{\mathrm{ab}}. $$ G 0 ab = G ab . This gives useful information about S. As an application, we obtain a transparent proof of the following result of E. B. Vinberg and the author: either there is an epimorphism f : G → ℝ such that f (s) ≥ 0 for every s in S or the closure $$ \overline{S} $$ S ¯ of S is a subgroup of G and $$ G/\overline{S} $$ G / S ¯ is compact.

A PARAMETRIZATION OF δ-SPHERICAL FUNCTIONS ON COMMUTATIVE TRIPLES ASSOCIATED WITH NILPOTENT LIE GROUPS

Let $N$ be a connected and simply connected nilpotent Lie group, $K$ be a compact subgroup of $Aut(N)$, the group of automorphisms of $N$ and $\delta$ be a class of unitary irreducible representations of $K$. The triple $(N,K,\delta)$ is a commutative triple if the convolution algebra $\mathfrak{U}_{\delta}^{1}(N)$ of $\delta$-radial integrable functions is commutative. In this paper, we obtain first a parametrization of $\delta$ spherical functions by means of the unitary dual $\widehat{N}$ and then an inversion formula for the spherical transform of $F\in \mathfrak{U}_{\delta}^{1}(N)$.

Simply transitive NIL-affine actions of solvable Lie groups

Every simply connected and connected solvable Lie group 𝐺 admits a simply transitive action on a nilpotent Lie group 𝐻 via affine transformations. Although the existence is guaranteed, not much is known about which Lie groups 𝐺 can act simply transitively on which Lie groups 𝐻. So far, the focus was mainly on the case where 𝐺 is also nilpotent, leading to a characterization depending only on the corresponding Lie algebras and related to the notion of post-Lie algebra structures. This paper studies two different aspects of this problem. First, we give a method to check whether a given action ρ : G → Aff ⁡ ( H ) \rho\colon G\to\operatorname{Aff}(H) is simply transitive by looking only at the induced morphism φ : g → aff ⁡ ( h ) \varphi\colon\mathfrak{g}\to\operatorname{aff}(\mathfrak{h}) between the corresponding Lie algebras. Secondly, we show how to check whether a given solvable Lie group 𝐺 acts simply transitively on a given nilpotent Lie group 𝐻, again by studying properties of the corresponding Lie algebras. The main tool for both methods is the semisimple splitting of a solvable Lie algebra and its relation to the algebraic hull, which we also define on the level of Lie algebras. As an application, we give a full description of the possibilities for simply transitive actions up to dimension 4.

Generalized Ricci flow on nilpotent Lie groups

We define solitons for the generalized Ricci flow on an exact Courant algebroid. We then define a family of flows for left-invariant Dorfman brackets on an exact Courant algebroid over a simply connected nilpotent Lie group, generalizing the bracket flows for nilpotent Lie brackets in a way that might make this new family of flows useful for the study of generalized geometric flows such as the generalized Ricci flow. We provide explicit examples of both constructions on the Heisenberg group. We also discuss solutions to the generalized Ricci flow on the Heisenberg group.

Randers Ricci soliton homogeneous nilmanifolds

Let $F$ be a left-invariant Randers metric on a simply connected nilpotent Lie group $N$, induced by a left-invariant Riemannian metric $\hat{\boldsymbol{a}}$ and a vector field $X$ which is $I_{\hat{\boldsymbol{a}}}(M)$-invariant. We show that if the Ricci flow equation has a unique solution then, $(N,F)$ is a Ricci soliton if and only if $(N,F)$ is a semialgebraic Ricci soliton.

Indefinite Einstein metrics on nice Lie groups

We introduce a systematic method to produce left-invariant, non-Ricci-flat Einstein metrics of indefinite signature on nice nilpotent Lie groups. On a nice nilpotent Lie group, we give a simple algebraic characterization of non-Ricci-flat left-invariant Einstein metrics in both the class of metrics for which the nice basis is orthogonal and a more general class associated to order two permutations of the nice basis. We obtain classifications in dimension 8 and, under the assumption that the root matrix is surjective, dimension 9; moreover, we prove that Einstein nilpotent Lie groups of nonzero scalar curvature exist in every dimension \geq 8.

DISTAL ACTIONS OF AUTOMORPHISMS OF NILPOTENT GROUPS G ON SUB G AND APPLICATIONS TO LATTICES IN LIE GROUPS

For a locally compact group G, we study the distality of the action of automorphisms T of G on Sub G , the compact space of closed subgroups of G endowed with the Chabauty topology. For a certain class of discrete groups G, we show that T acts distally on Sub G if and only if T n is the identity map for some $n\in\mathbb N$ . As an application, we get that for a T-invariant lattice Γ in a simply connected nilpotent Lie group G, T acts distally on Sub G if and only if it acts distally on SubΓ. This also holds for any closed T-invariant co-compact subgroup Γ in G. For a lattice Γ in a simply connected solvable Lie group, we study conditions under which its automorphisms act distally on SubΓ. We construct an example highlighting the difference between the behaviour of automorphisms on a lattice in a solvable Lie group and that in a nilpotent Lie group. We also characterise automorphisms of a lattice Γ in a connected semisimple Lie group which act distally on SubΓ. For torsion-free compactly generated nilpotent (metrisable) groups G, we obtain the following characterisation: T acts distally on Sub G if and only if T is contained in a compact subgroup of Aut(G). Using these results, we characterise the class of such groups G which act distally on Sub G . We also show that any compactly generated distal group G is Lie projective.

POLYNOMIAL COHOMOLOGY AND POLYNOMIAL MAPS ON NILPOTENT GROUPS

We introduce a refined version of group cohomology and relate it to the space of polynomials on the group in question. We show that the polynomial cohomology with trivial coefficients admits a description in terms of ordinary cohomology with polynomial coefficients, and that the degree one polynomial cohomology with trivial coefficients admits a description directly in terms of polynomials. Lastly, we give a complete description of the polynomials on a connected, simply connected nilpotent Lie group by showing that these are exactly the maps that pull back to classical polynomials via the exponential map.

On the isomorphism problem for C∗-algebras of nilpotent Lie groups

We investigate to what extent a nilpotent Lie group is determined by its [Formula: see text]-algebra. We prove that, within the class of exponential Lie groups, direct products of Heisenberg groups with abelian Lie groups are uniquely determined even by their unitary dual, while nilpotent Lie groups of dimension [Formula: see text] are uniquely determined by the Morita equivalence class of their [Formula: see text]-algebras. We also find that this last property is shared by the filiform Lie groups and by the [Formula: see text]-dimensional free two-step nilpotent Lie group.