Independence of algebraic monodromy groups in compatible systems

In this paper we develop a general method to prove independence of algebraic monodromy groups in compatible systems of representations, and we apply it to deduce independence results for compatible systems both in automorphic and in positive characteristic settings. In the abstract case, we prove an independence result for compatible systems of Lie-irreducible representations, from which we deduce an independence result for compatible systems admitting what we call a Lie-irreducible decomposition. In the case of geometric compatible systems of Galois representations arising from certain classes of automorphic forms, we prove the existence of a Lie-irreducible decomposition. From this we deduce an independence result. We conclude with the case of compatible systems of Galois representations over global function fields, for which we prove the existence of a Lie-irreducible decomposition, and we deduce an independence result. From this we also deduce an independence result for compatible systems of lisse sheaves on normal varieties over finite fields.

Almost Homogeneous Varieties of Albanese Codimension One

We classify almost homogeneous normal varieties of Albanese codimension $1$, defined over an arbitrary field. We prove that such a variety has a unique normal equivariant completion. Over a perfect field, the group scheme of automorphisms of this completion is smooth, except in one case in characteristic $2$, and we determine its (reduced) neutral component.

Functionality of Native Starches in Food Systems: Cluster Analysis Grouping of Rheological Properties in Different Product Matrices

Industrial application of starch as a texture-forming agent is primarily limited to preparations obtained from waxy corn and potatoes. The main reason behind this is its functionality, which depends mostly on rheological properties. However, in food product matrices, these properties change. Despite the vast amount of information on the rheological properties of various starches, the rational choice of thickener appears to be an extremely difficult task. The aim of the work is to systemize the information on the rheological properties of most popular starches in matrices of various food products, applying principal component and cluster analyses. The investigated material is potato and corn starch of the normal and waxy varieties. Binary mixtures containing salts or sweetening agents, as well as four different food products (ketchup, mayonnaise, pudding, and jelly), are investigated. It was found that compared to normal varieties, waxy starches reveal many similar rheological properties in all investigated models and food systems. Furthermore, in most applications, one waxy starch variety may be substituted by another, with no significant impact on the rheological properties and texture of the food product. Moreover, waxy starch preparations are less altered by the presence of cosolutes, i.e., salts and sugar alcohols. Starch model systems were proven to be useful only for rapid thickener screening tests and cannot be recommended as a final reference for the quality design of food products.

Variasi normal lidah manusia pada subras DeutromelayuNormal variation of human tongue on the Deutromelayu subrace

Pendahuluan: Lidah merupakan suatu organ yang terdiri dari otot rangka dan dilapisi oleh membran mukosa. Organ ini merupakan salah satu indikator yang baik untuk diagnosis secara klinis dan karakteristiknya dapat dipengaruhi oleh ras. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran variasi normal lidah manusia pada subras Deutromelayu sebagai suatu karakteristik lidah. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan pada 96 mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran angkatan 2014 yang terdiri dari 87 wanita dan 9 laki-laki. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengamati lidah secara visual dalam keadaan protrusif dan tidak tegang. Lidah diamati berdasarkan bentuk dan tekstur permukaan kemudian difoto untuk dokumentasi. Hasil: Persentase bentuk lidah yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah persegi, membulat, persegi panjang, dan segitiga tajam sebanyak 46,87%, 44,79%, 5,20%, 3,12%, dan tidak ditemukan bentuk segitiga tumpul. Tekstur permukaan yang paling banyak muncul adalah tanpa fisura, diikuti oleh fisura vertikal sentral, vertikal lateral, sentral, dan horizontal sebanyak 54,17%, 18,75%, 14,58%, 8,33%, dan 4,17%. Simpulan: Variasi normal bentuk lidah yang paling sering muncul adalah persegi dan tekstur permukaan adalah tanpa fisura.Kata kunci: Variasi normal, lidah, subras deutromelayu. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Tongue is an organ composed of skeletal muscles and is coated by mucous membrane. This organ is a good indicator for clinical diagnosis and is affected by race. The aim of this research was to ascertain normal varieties description of human tongues on the Deutero melayu sub race as a tongue characteristic. Methods: A descriptive method was used in this research, conducted on 96 Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran undergraduate students consisted of 87 females and 9 males. Sample were obtained by purposive sampling technique. This research was done by visually observing the relax and protrusive tongue. The tongue was observed based on its shape as well as surface texture and a picture was taken for documentation. Result: This research showed that the most common shape of the tongue were square, round, rectangular, acute triangular 46.87%, 44,79%, 5,20%, 3,12% respectively and there was no obtuse triangular. The most common surface texture is without fissures, followed by vertical central fissures, vertical lateral fissures, central fissures and horizontal 54,17%, 18,75%, 14,58%, 8,33%, and 4,17% respectively. Conclusion: Square-shaped tongues was the most dominant shape, and no fissures was the most dominant surface texture on a normal variety tongue.Keywords: Normal variation, deutromelayu subrace, tongue.

Divisorial Models of Normal Varieties

We prove that the canonical ring of a canonical variety in the sense of de Fernex and Hacon is finitely generated. We prove that canonical varieties are Kawamata log terminal (klt) if and only if is finitely generated. We introduce a notion of nefness for non-ℚ-Gorenstein varieties and study some of its properties. We then focus on these properties for non-ℚ-Gorenstein toric varieties.

On the fundamental groups of normal varieties

We show that the fundamental groups of normal complex algebraic varieties share many properties of the fundamental groups of smooth varieties. The jump loci of rank one local systems on a normal variety are related to the jump loci of a resolution and of a smoothing of this variety.