Tobacco

Tobacco is the most important and avoidable public health problem, killing 5.4 million users per year. At least one in two and up to two in three smokers die prematurely from smoking. Such great and easily understood risks should be more effectively communicated to promote smoking cessation. This chapter describes how raising tobacco tax, banning smoking in public places, and forbidding tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship have effectively reduced smoking rates in many countries. However, many low- and middle-income countries still lack the necessary resources or political will to implement tobacco control. Further progress may come from large and effective pictorial warnings; banning the display of tobacco products at retail outlets; extending smoking bans in public places; innovative use of the mass media; very brief warnings by doctors to promote cessation; telephone quitlines; and capitalizing on the risk perception towards third-hand smoke.

Gender Representation in Chinese Tobacco Advertising

The broad development prospects of the Chinese tobacco consumer market have attracted an increasing number of international companies to do business and invest in China. In tobacco marketing campaign, gender representation in advertising is a common and effective means to attract consumers. It has a great significance to marketing practitioners and advertisers, especially in the emerging market of China. A comprehensive understanding of gender representation in Chinese advertising can provide a universal framework for marketing campaign and help establish an academic foundation for market segmentation. This literature review aims to research the portrayal of gender representative images and roles in Chinese advertising, their formation reasons and changing trends. Drawing on huge number of academic journals, research papers and academic books in the online academic literature database, this literature review will critically analyze and summarize the literature related to gender representation in Chinese tobacco advertising. The results show that the characteristics of gender representation in traditional Chinese advertisements are influenced by traditional Chinese culture, socialist political policies and Western value culture, and tend to modern Western advertising models. The gender representation in Chinese online advertising emphasized the concept of self and began to show more Chinese characteristics. In the future, the booming Chinese online advertising will have more variables and more complex trends, and there will be a huge academic gap left for future research.

Germany v Parliament and Council (‘Tobacco Advertising I’) (Case C-376/98), EU:C:2000:544, [2000] ECR I-8419, 5 October 2000

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Germany v Parliament and Council (‘Tobacco Advertising I’) (Case C-376/98), EU:C:2000:544, [2000] ECR I-8419, 5 October 2000. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O’Meara.