Renal concentration capacity in primary hyperparathyroidism

Aim. To evaluate the renal concentration capacity in patients with mild and severe primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT).Materials and methods. The study included 77 patients (median age 57 years [52;61]) with pHPT, first group was comprised of patients with mild form (n=23), second group contained patients with severe pHPT without nephrolithiasis (n=28) and the third group contained patients with pHPT and nephrolithiasis (n=26). Osmolality index was calculated as urine osmolality to blood osmolality ratio. Renal concentration capacity impairment was diagnosed with osmolality index less than 2.Results. Osmolality index in patients with pHPT was low with median 1,66 [1,38;2,1]. We found a high prevalence of renal concentration capacity impairment in patients with pHPT, that was 71,4%. Regardless of presence of nephrolithiasis both patients with mild and severe pHPT had similar prevalence (70%, 75% and 69,2% respectively).Conclusions. Renal concentration impairment is common in mild and severe pHPT. The findings of this study necessitate for measurement of urine osmolality or osmolality index in all patients with pHPT.Комбинированную терапию ожирения (диета, физические нагрузки + прием орлистата) в течение 7 ± 1 месяцев получали 15 пациентов первой группы (СОАС), 5 – во второй (инсомния) и 8 пациентов без нарушений сна. При сравнении групп не выявлено статистически значимых различий по числу пациентов, принимающих медикаментозную терапию ожирения (р 0,05). Через 7 ± 1 месяцев лечения ожирения среднее снижение МТ у больных с синдромом инсомнии составило –2,5 [–4; 0] кг, у больных с СОАС –7 [–18; –2] кг, у пациентов без нарушений сна –6,5 [–12; –2,25] кг.

Tolerance range and osmoregulation in hypersaline conditions in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

The tolerance of the European sea bass to high salinities was determined through abrupt and gradual transfers to different hyperosmotic media. Mortality rate reached roughly 50% in fish abruptly transferred to 70 psu salinity and in fish gradually adapted to 90 psu salinity. All fish abruptly transferred to 90 psu salinity expired in less than three hours. A crisis and regulation type osmoregulatory pattern, related to the range of the osmotic shock, was recorded following abrupt transfers to the tolerable experimental media. The lethal level of blood osmolality in sea bass was determined.