Explorative Investigation on Cashew Nut Shell Liquid Biodiesel blended with Ethanol and Hydrogen in Direct Injection (DI) Diesel Engine and prediction through Artificial Neural Network

Emission from the DI diesel engine is series setback for environment viewpoint. Intended for that investigates for alternative biofuel is persuaded. The important hitches with the utilization of biofuels and their blends in DI diesel engines are higher emanations and inferior brake-thermal efficiency as associated to sole diesel fuel. In this effort, Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) biodiesel, hydrogen and ethanol (BHE) mixtures remained verified in a direct-injection diesel engine with single cylinder to examine the performance and discharge features of the engine. The ethanol remained supplemented 5%, 10% and 15% correspondingly through enhanced CNSL as well as hydrogen functioned twin fuel engine. The experiments done in a direct injection diesel engine with single-cylinder at steadystate conditions above the persistent RPM (1500RPM). Throughout the experiment, emissions of pollutants such as fuel consumption rate (SFC), hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and pressure of the fuel were also measured. cylinders. The experimental results show that, compared to diesel fuel, the braking heat of the biodiesel mixture is reduced by 26.79-24% and the BSFC diminutions with growing addition of ethanol from the CNSL hydrogen mixture. The BTE upsurges thru a rise in ethanol proportion with CNSL hydrogen mixtures. Finally, the optimum combination of ethanol with CNSL hydrogen blends led to the reduced levels of HC and CO emissions with trivial upsurge in exhaust gas temperature and NOx emissions. This paper reconnoiters the routine of artificial neural networks (ANN) to envisage recital, ignition and discharges effect.

Effect of altitude conditions on combustion and performance of a turbocharged direct-injection diesel engine

Market globalization necessitates the development of heavy duty diesel engines that can operate at altitudes up to 5000 m without significant performance deterioration. But the current scenario is that existing studies on high altitude effects are still not sufficient or detailed enough to take effective measures. This study applied a single cylinder direct injection diesel engine with simulated boosting pressure to investigate the performance degradation at high altitude, with the aim of adding more knowledge to the literature. Such a research engine was conducted at constant speed and injection strategy but different ambient conditions from sea level to 5000 m in altitude. The results indicated the effects of altitude on engine combustion and performance can be summarized as two aspects. First comes the extended ignition delay at high altitude, which would raise the rate of pressure rise to a point that can exceed the maximum allowable limit and therefore shorten the engine lifespan. The other disadvantage of high-altitude operation is the reduced excess air ratio and gas density inside cylinder. Worsened spray formation and mixture preparation, together with insufficient and late oxidation, would result in reduced engine efficiency, increased emissions, and power loss. The combustion and performance deteriorations were noticeable when the engine was operated above 4000 m in altitude. All these findings support the need for further fundamental investigations of in-cylinder activities of diesel engines working at plateau regions.