Stability and Vulnerability of Bird Flocking Behaviour: A Mathematical Analysis

Given a large number of birds in the flock, we mathematically investigate the mechanism the birds move in a collective behavior. We assume that each bird is able to know its position and velocity of other birds within a radius of communication. Thus, to be able to fly in the flock, a bird has to adjust its position and velocity according to his neighbors. For this purpose, first of all, we analyze how the connectedness of the bird interaction network affects the cohesion of the stable bird flock. We further analyze a condition when the flock is vulnerable, which is mathematically indicated by means of the presence of an articulation point in bird communication network.

“Talking Phonics for Autism”: Developing A Multi-Purpose Touch Screen Technology Software Application Which Utilizes Sound Articulation Point to Teach Autistic Children

This paper aims to examine the potentials of the multi-purpose touch screen technology application which utilizes a sound articulation point software called "TALKING PHONICS FOR AUTISM"as an alternative method of teaching phonics to autistic children. "TALKING PHONICS FOR AUTISM"is developed via a collaborative effort between the Centre of International Languages (CIL) and the School of Human Development and techno Communication (iKOM), University Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP). The reading skills of autism children are developed intofive (5) levels ofMalay reading comprehension skills. The first level consists of open syllables - vowels and consonants. The following consecutivethree levels comprised of closed syllables. The fourth level introduces vocal sequence while the fifth level constitutes of Malay language loans. The Malay-language dialect phonological theory by Tajul Aripin Kassin (2000) which is based on Clements &Keysher's (1980) Generative Booking Generic Fonology Model (CV) forms the theorectical framework of this paper.

Tetralidia gen. nov., a new neotropical genus of Neocoelidiinae (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae)

A new genus of Neocoelidiinae, Tetralidia gen. nov., is described to include one new species, Tetralidia admirabilis sp. nov., and Tetralidia prolata (Chiamolera & Cavichioli) comb. nov. from Cocoelidia DeLong. The new genus is closely related to Tozzita Kramer based on the tapered lateral margins of the clypeus and the absence of processes on the ventral margin of the male pygofer, but differs from other Neocoelidiinae genera mainly by the color pattern of the crown, with four orange maculae; the bifurcation of the connective’s stem at its articulation point with the aedeagus; and the very long aedeagus with pair(s) of apical or preapical processes or lamellae.